命令简介：
cp命令用来复制文件或目录。指令英文原义：copy
指令所在路径：/bin/cp
命令语法：
Usage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
or: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
or: cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
命令参数：
此命令参数是Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.7下cp命令参数，不同版本Linux的cp命令参数有可能不同。
|
参数 |
长参数 |
描叙 |
|
-a |
等同于-dR |
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|
-b |
若删除或者覆盖目标文件，将对目标文件进行备份，备份文件以备份的字符串结尾 |
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|
-d |
复制符号链接 |
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|
-f |
强制复制 |
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|
-h |
强制cp命令复制符号链接。缺省值是跟随符号链接，也就是将文件复制到符号链接指向处。 |
|
|
-i |
交互式模式。覆盖目标文件之前先要进行询问 |
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-l |
建立硬链接，而非复制 |
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-p |
源目录或者文件的属性保留 |
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-P |
源目录或者文件的路劲保留 |
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-r/-R |
处理指定目录以及子目录 |
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-v |
--verbose |
显示命令执行的详细信息 |
|
--help |
显示命令在线帮助 |
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|
--version |
显示命令版本信息 |
使用示例：
1: 查看rmdir命令的帮助信息
[root@DB-Server ~]# cp --help
Usage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
or: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
or: cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --archive same as -dR --preserve=all
--backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
--copy-contents copy contents of special files when recursive
-d same as --no-dereference --preserve=link
-f, --force if an existing destination file cannot be
opened, remove it and try again
-i, --interactive prompt before overwrite
-H follow command-line symbolic links
-l, --link link files instead of copying
-L, --dereference always follow symbolic links
-P, --no-dereference never follow symbolic links
-p same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
--preserve[=ATTR_LIST] preserve the specified attributes (default:
mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible
additional attributes: context, links,
xattr, all
-c same as --preserve=context
--no-preserve=ATTR_LIST don't preserve the specified attributes
--parents use full source file name under DIRECTORY
-R, -r, --recursive copy directories recursively
--remove-destination remove each existing destination file before
attempting to open it (contrast with --force)
--sparse=WHEN control creation of sparse files
--strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE
argument
-s, --symbolic-link make symbolic links instead of copying
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
-T, --no-target-directory treat DEST as a normal file
-u, --update copy only when the SOURCE file is newer
than the destination file or when the
destination file is missing
-v, --verbose explain what is being done
-x, --one-file-system stay on this file system
-Z, --context=CONTEXT set security context of copy to CONTEXT
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the
corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the behavior
selected by --sparse=auto. Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST
file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.
Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.
The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:
none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)
numbered, t make numbered backups
existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
simple, never always make simple backups
As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup
options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,
regular file.
Report bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org.
或
[root@DB-Server ~]# man cp
2: 拷贝文件file1并更名为file2
[root@DB-Server kerry]# ls
file1
[root@DB-Server kerry]# cp file1 file2
[root@DB-Server kerry]# ls
file1 file2
[root@DB-Server kerry]#
3：拷贝kerry目录下文件到tmp目录下
[root@DB-Server ~]# cp /home/kerry/* /tmp
[root@DB-Server ~]# cd /tmp
4：将目录下的所有目录包括子目录陆续复制到另外一个目录
[root@DB-Server ~]#cp -r /home/tomcat/ /tmp/bak
5: 复制时保留文件属性（保存与源文件相关联的修改日期、时间和访问控制列表等）
[root@DB-Server kerry]# ls -lrt
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3886 Jan 19 23:04 install.log.syslog
[root@DB-Server kerry]# cp -p install.log.syslog install.log.syslog.bak1
[root@DB-Server kerry]# cp install.log.syslog install.log.syslog.bak2
[root@DB-Server kerry]# ls -lrt
total 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3886 Jan 19 23:04 install.log.syslog.bak1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3886 Jan 19 23:04 install.log.syslog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3886 Jan 19 23:10 install.log.syslog.bak2
6: 以交换形式拷贝文件
[root@DB-Server kerry]# cp -i /var/log/* ./
cp: overwrite `./acpid'? n
cp: overwrite `./anaconda.log'? n
cp: overwrite `./anaconda.syslog'? y
cp: overwrite `./anaconda.xlog'? n
cp: omitting directory `/var/log/audit'
cp: overwrite `./boot.log'? n
cp: overwrite `./boot.log.1'? n
cp: overwrite `./boot.log.2'? n