一、镜像制作的方法
1、本地导入导出镜像
请参考：Docker 架构原理及简单使用
导出：docker save nginx >/tmp/nginx.tar.gz 导入：docker load </tmp/nginx.tar.gz
2、docker commit 命令创建镜像副本
请参考：Docker docker commit方法镜像制作
3、docker file
前面两种方法已经介绍过了，这里介绍docker file，生成环境推荐使用这种方法
二、docker file方法制作镜像
1、什么是docker file
用来全自动构建镜像文件，命名为Dockerfile
2、Dockerfile 文件编写指令及语法
1）指令
FROM
MAINTAINER
RUN
CMD
EXPOSE
ENV
ADD
COPY
ENTRYPOINT
VOLUME
USER
WORKDIR
ONBUILD
2）语法
引用了docker中文文档：http://www.docker.org.cn/dockerppt/114.html
1、FROM <image>
例子：FROM centos
FROM指定构建镜像的基础源镜像，如果本地没有指定的镜像，则会自动从Docker的公共库pull镜像下来。
FROM必须是Dockerfile中非注释行的第一个指令，即一个Dockerfile从FROM语句开始
FROM可以在一个DOCKERfile中出现多次，如果有需求在一个Dockerfile中创建多个镜像
2、MAINTAINER <name>
例子：MAINTAINER zxg zhutoyearn@163.com
指定创建镜像的用户
3、RUN <"executable","parm1","param2">
两种使用方式：
- RUN
- RUN "executable", "param1", "param2"
例子：RUN yum install wget -y
每条RUN指令将在当前镜像基础上执行指定命令，并提交为新的镜像，后续的RUN都在之前RUN提交后的镜像为基础，镜像是分层的，可以通过一个镜像的任何一个历史提交点来创建，类似源码的 版本控制 。
exec 方式会被解析为一个 JSON 数组，所以必须使用双引号而不是单引号。exec 方式不会调用一个命令 shell，所以也就不会继承相应的变量，如：
RUN [ "echo", "$HOME" ] #错误，这个个方法不会输出HOME变量，下面为正确方式
RUN [ "sh", "-c", "echo", "$HOME" ]
RUN 产生的缓存在下一次构建的适合是不会失效的，会被重用，可以使用--no-cache选择，即docker build-no-cache,如此便不会缓存
4、CMD <"executable",>
三种使用方式：
- CMD "executable","param1","param2"
- CMD "param1","param2"
- CMD command param1 param2 (shell form)
例子：CMD["nginx"]
CMD指定在 Dockerfile 中只能使用一次，如果有多个，则只有最后一个会生效。
CMD的目的是为了在启动容器时提供一个默认的命令执行选项。如果用户启动容器时指定了运行的命令，则会覆盖掉CMD指定的命令。
CMD会在启动容器的时候执行，build 时不执行，而RUN只是在构建镜像的时候执行，后续镜像构建完成之后，启动容器就与RUN无关了，这个初学者容易弄混这个概念，这里简单注解一下。
5、EXPOSE <port>[<port>...]
告诉docker服务端容器对外映射的本地端口，需要在docker run的使用使用-p或者-P选项生效
例子：EXPOSE 80
6、ENV
ENV <key> <value>
ENV <key>=<value>。。。
指定一个环节变量，会被后续RUN指令使用，并在容器运行时保留
例子：ENV myname zxg
ENV myhome beijing
ENV myname="zxg" myhome=beijing
7、ADD
ADD <src>...<dest>
ADD复制本地主机文件、目录或者远程文件URLS从并且添加到容器指定路径中
支持通过Go的正则模式匹配，具体规则可参见Go filepath.Match
例子：ADD hom* /mydir/ #adds all files starting with ”hom“
ADD hom？.txt /mydir/ #？is replaced with any single character
ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
注意如下：- 路径必须是绝对路径，如果 不存在，会自动创建对应目录
- 路径必须是 Dockerfile 所在路径的相对路径
- 如果是一个目录，只会复制目录下的内容，而目录本身则不会被复制
8、COPY
COPY <src>...<dest>
COPY复制新文件或者目录并且添加到容器指定路径中，用法和ADD相同，唯一区别时不能指定远程文件URLS。
9、ENTRYPOINT
ENTRYPOINT "executable","param1","param2"
ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2(shell form)
配置容器启动后执行的命令，并且不可被 docker run 提供的参数覆盖，而CMD是可以被覆盖的。如果需要覆盖，则可以使用docker run --entrypoint选项。
每个 Dockerfile 中只能有一个ENTRYPOINT，当指定多个时，只有最后一个生效。
Exec form ENTRYPOINT 例子
通过ENTRYPOINT使用 exec form 方式设置稳定的默认命令和选项，而使用CMD添加默认之外经常被改动的选项。
FROM ubuntu ENTRYPOINT ["top", "-b"] CMD ["-c"]
通过 Dockerfile 使用ENTRYPOINT展示前台运行 Apache 服务
FROM debian:stable RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --force-yes apache2 EXPOSE 80 443 VOLUME ["/var/www", "/var/log/apache2", "/etc/apache2"] ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/apache2ctl", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]
Shell form ENTRYPOINT 例子
这种方式会在/bin/sh -c中执行，会忽略任何CMD或者docker run命令行选项，为了确保docker stop能够停止长时间运行ENTRYPOINT的容器，确保执行的时候使用exec选项。
FROM ubuntu ENTRYPOINT exec top -b
如果在ENTRYPOINT忘记使用exec选项，则可以使用CMD补上:
FROM ubuntu ENTRYPOINT top -b CMD --ignored-param1 # --ignored-param2 ... --ignored-param3 ... 依此类推
10、VOLUME
VOLUME ["/data"]
创建一个可以从本地主机或其他容器挂载的挂载点，后续具体介绍
11、USER
USER daemon
指定运行容器时的用户名或UID，后续RUN、CMD、ENTERPOINT也会使用指定用户
12、WORKDIR
WORKDIR /path/to/workdir
为后续的RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT指令配置工作目录。可以使用多个WORKDIR指令，后续命令如果参数是相对路径，则会基于之前命令指定的路径
WORKDIR /a
WORKDIR b
WORKDIR c
RUN pwd
最终路径是/a/b/c
WORKDIR指令可以在ENV设置变量之后调用环境变量：
ENV DIRPATH /path
WORKDIR $DIRPATH/$DIRNAME
最终路径则为 /path/$DIRNAME
13、ONBUILD
ONBUILD [INSTRUCTION]
配置当所创建的镜像作为其他新创建镜像的基础镜像时，所执行的操作指令
例如：Dockerfile 使用如下的内容创建了镜像image-A：
[...]
ONBUILD ADD . /app/src
ONBUILD RUN /usr/local/bin/python-build --dri /app/src
[...]
3、例子examples，做一个centos安装了nginx及wget的镜像
[root@web1 docker]# vim Dockerfile #this is docker file for centos-nginx FROM centos MAINTAINER zxg <victor@docker.com> RUN yum install wget -y RUN rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm N yum install nginx -y ▽DD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html RUN echo "daemon off;">>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 CMD ["nginx"]
4、使用build命令制作镜像
1）build命令说明
$ docker build --help Usage: docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | - Build a new image from the source code at PATH --force-rm=false Always remove intermediate containers, even after unsuccessful builds # 移除过渡容器，即使构建失败 --no-cache=false Do not use cache when building the image # 不实用 cache -q, --quiet=false Suppress the verbose output generated by the containers --rm=true Remove intermediate containers after a successful build # 构建成功后移除过渡层容器 -t, --tag="" Repository name (and optionally a tag) to be applied to the resulting image in case of success
2）制作镜像
docker build -t zxg/nginx1 .
整个过程还挺长，所以折叠了，可以点开看一下
[root@web1 docker]# docker build -t zxg/nginx1 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072 kB Step 1/9 : FROM centos ---> 9f38484d220f Step 2/9 : MAINTAINER zxg <victor@docker.com> ---> Using cache ---> 35983aa687ed Step 3/9 : RUN yum install wget -y ---> Using cache ---> efb8205fc8d2 Step 4/9 : RUN rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm ---> Running in 56c5812e494f warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.pS5KO3: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY Retrieving https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm Preparing... ######################################## Updating / installing... epel-release-7-11 ######################################## ---> cf40357c60bb Removing intermediate container 56c5812e494f Step 5/9 : RUN yum install nginx -y ---> Running in 36ebe7b47657 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com https://hkg.mirror.rackspace.com/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/192b605ef6d0f773ad6162832c60509e1bc0817e28662ea77340078287b3b4d8-updateinfo.xml.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found Trying other mirror. To address this issue please refer to the below wiki article https://wiki.centos.org/yum-errors If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please use https://bugs.centos.org/. https://mirrors.njupt.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/dc10637460e531277a1cd82574de2dde2637fd3a9e90cd0282e9436d3a95b91d-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found Trying other mirror. http://fedora.cs.nctu.edu.tw/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/dc10637460e531277a1cd82574de2dde2637fd3a9e90cd0282e9436d3a95b91d-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found Trying other mirror. Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: nginx-all-modules = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: openssl for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed ---> Package nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-geoip = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-image-filter = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-perl = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-mail = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-stream = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch ---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: openssl-libs(x86-64) = 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: make for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package make.x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7 will be installed ---> Package nginx-mod-http-geoip.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: GeoIP for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libGeoIP.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: gd for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl >= 5.006001 for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_5.16.3) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Exporter) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(XSLoader) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(constant) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(strict) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(warnings) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.11)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.18)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libexslt.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7 will be updated ---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.5.0-13.el7 will be installed ---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libpng15.so.15(PNG15_0)(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libjpeg.so.62(LIBJPEG_6.2)(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libpng15.so.15()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libjpeg.so.62()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libfreetype.so.6()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libfontconfig.so.1()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libX11.so.6()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 ---> Package libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) >= 1.3 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) >= 1.10 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-macros for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(threads::shared) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(threads) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::Local) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::HiRes) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Storable) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::XHTML) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::Search) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Filter::Util::Call) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Unix) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Functions) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Cwd) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Carp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 ---> Package perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: fontpackages-filesystem for package: fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: dejavu-sans-fonts for package: fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-12.el7_6.1 will be installed ---> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.5-2.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libX11-common >= 1.6.5-2.el7 for package: libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libxcb.so.1()(64bit) for package: libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 ---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 will be installed ---> Package libjpeg-turbo.x86_64 0:1.2.90-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package libpng.x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2 will be installed ---> Package perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Usage) >= 1.14 for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Text::ParseWords) for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Encode) for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed ---> Package perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: dejavu-fonts-common = 2.33-6.el7 for package: dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch ---> Package fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 will be installed ---> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.5-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libXau.so.6()(64bit) for package: libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Text) >= 3.15 for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl-Pod-Perldoc for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(parent) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(HTTP::Tiny) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: groff-base for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: nginx x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 531 k Installing for dependencies: GeoIP x86_64 1.5.0-13.el7 base 1.5 M dejavu-fonts-common noarch 2.33-6.el7 base 64 k dejavu-sans-fonts noarch 2.33-6.el7 base 1.4 M fontconfig x86_64 2.13.0-4.3.el7 base 254 k fontpackages-filesystem noarch 1.44-8.el7 base 9.9 k freetype x86_64 2.8-12.el7_6.1 updates 380 k gd x86_64 2.0.35-26.el7 base 146 k gperftools-libs x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 base 272 k groff-base x86_64 1.22.2-8.el7 base 942 k libX11 x86_64 1.6.5-2.el7 base 606 k libX11-common noarch 1.6.5-2.el7 base 164 k libXau x86_64 1.0.8-2.1.el7 base 29 k libXpm x86_64 3.5.12-1.el7 base 55 k libjpeg-turbo x86_64 1.2.90-6.el7 base 134 k libpng x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2 base 213 k libxcb x86_64 1.13-1.el7 base 214 k libxslt x86_64 1.1.28-5.el7 base 242 k make x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7 base 420 k nginx-all-modules noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 16 k nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 17 k nginx-mod-http-geoip x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 23 k nginx-mod-http-image-filter x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 27 k nginx-mod-http-perl x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 36 k nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 26 k nginx-mod-mail x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 54 k nginx-mod-stream x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 76 k openssl x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 updates 493 k perl x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 8.0 M perl-Carp noarch 1.26-244.el7 base 19 k perl-Encode x86_64 2.51-7.el7 base 1.5 M perl-Exporter noarch 5.68-3.el7 base 28 k perl-File-Path noarch 2.09-2.el7 base 26 k perl-File-Temp noarch 0.23.01-3.el7 base 56 k perl-Filter x86_64 1.49-3.el7 base 76 k perl-Getopt-Long noarch 2.40-3.el7 base 56 k perl-HTTP-Tiny noarch 0.033-3.el7 base 38 k perl-PathTools x86_64 3.40-5.el7 base 82 k perl-Pod-Escapes noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6 updates 51 k perl-Pod-Perldoc noarch 3.20-4.el7 base 87 k perl-Pod-Simple noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 base 216 k perl-Pod-Usage noarch 1.63-3.el7 base 27 k perl-Scalar-List-Utils x86_64 1.27-248.el7 base 36 k perl-Socket x86_64 2.010-4.el7 base 49 k perl-Storable x86_64 2.45-3.el7 base 77 k perl-Text-ParseWords noarch 3.29-4.el7 base 14 k perl-Time-HiRes x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 base 45 k perl-Time-Local noarch 1.2300-2.el7 base 24 k perl-constant noarch 1.27-2.el7 base 19 k perl-libs x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 688 k perl-macros x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 44 k perl-parent noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 base 12 k perl-podlators noarch 2.5.1-3.el7 base 112 k perl-threads x86_64 1.87-4.el7 base 49 k perl-threads-shared x86_64 1.43-6.el7 base 39 k Updating for dependencies: openssl-libs x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 updates 1.2 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+54 Dependent packages) Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package) Total download size: 21 M Downloading packages: Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed. warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY Public key for nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 868 kB/s | 21 MB 00:24 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 Importing GPG key 0x352C64E5: Userid : "Fedora EPEL (7) <epel@fedoraproject.org>" Fingerprint: 91e9 7d7c 4a5e 96f1 7f3e 888f 6a2f aea2 352c 64e5 Package : epel-release-7-11.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Updating : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/57 Installing : fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch 2/57 Installing : 2:libpng-1.5.13-7.el7_2.x86_64 3/57 Installing : freetype-2.8-12.el7_6.1.x86_64 4/57 Installing : dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch 5/57 Installing : dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch 6/57 Installing : fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 7/57 Installing : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 8/57 Installing : libX11-common-1.6.5-2.el7.noarch 9/57 Installing : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 10/57 Installing : libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64 11/57 Installing : libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64 12/57 Installing : libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 13/57 Installing : libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 14/57 Installing : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 15/57 Installing : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 16/57 Installing : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 17/57 Installing : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 18/57 Installing : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 19/57 Installing : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 20/57 Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-294.el7_6.noarch 21/57 Installing : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 22/57 Installing : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 23/57 Installing : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 24/57 Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 25/57 Installing : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 26/57 Installing : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 27/57 Installing : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 28/57 Installing : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 29/57 Installing : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 30/57 Installing : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 31/57 Installing : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 32/57 Installing : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 33/57 Installing : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 34/57 Installing : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 35/57 Installing : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 36/57 Installing : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 37/57 Installing : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 38/57 Installing : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 39/57 Installing : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64 40/57 Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 41/57 Installing : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 42/57 Installing : 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 43/57 Installing : GeoIP-1.5.0-13.el7.x86_64 44/57 Installing : libjpeg-turbo-1.2.90-6.el7.x86_64 45/57 Installing : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 46/57 Installing : 1:make-3.82-23.el7.x86_64 47/57 Installing : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 48/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 49/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 50/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 51/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 52/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 53/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 54/57 Installing : 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 55/57 Installing : 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 56/57 Cleanup : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64 57/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 1/57 Verifying : fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 2/57 Verifying : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 3/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 4/57 Verifying : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 5/57 Verifying : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 6/57 Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-294.el7_6.noarch 7/57 Verifying : 1:make-3.82-23.el7.x86_64 8/57 Verifying : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 9/57 Verifying : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 10/57 Verifying : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 11/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 12/57 Verifying : 2:libpng-1.5.13-7.el7_2.x86_64 13/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 14/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 15/57 Verifying : dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch 16/57 Verifying : fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch 17/57 Verifying : libjpeg-turbo-1.2.90-6.el7.x86_64 18/57 Verifying : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 19/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 20/57 Verifying : GeoIP-1.5.0-13.el7.x86_64 21/57 Verifying : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 22/57 Verifying : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 23/57 Verifying : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 24/57 Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 25/57 Verifying : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 26/57 Verifying : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 27/57 Verifying : libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64 28/57 Verifying : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 29/57 Verifying : 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 30/57 Verifying : libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 31/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 32/57 Verifying : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 33/57 Verifying : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 34/57 Verifying : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 35/57 Verifying : libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 36/57 Verifying : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 37/57 Verifying : dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch 38/57 Verifying : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 39/57 Verifying : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 40/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 41/57 Verifying : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 42/57 Verifying : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 43/57 Verifying : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 44/57 Verifying : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 45/57 Verifying : libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64 46/57 Verifying : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 47/57 Verifying : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 48/57 Verifying : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 49/57 Verifying : libX11-common-1.6.5-2.el7.noarch 50/57 Verifying : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 51/57 Verifying : freetype-2.8-12.el7_6.1.x86_64 52/57 Verifying : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 53/57 Verifying : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64 54/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 55/57 Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 56/57 Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64 57/57 Installed: nginx.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 Dependency Installed: GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.5.0-13.el7 dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7 fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-12.el7_6.1 gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.5-2.el7 libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.5-2.el7 libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7 libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 libjpeg-turbo.x86_64 0:1.2.90-6.el7 libpng.x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2 libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7 libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 make.x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7 nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-http-geoip.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6 perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7 perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 Dependency Updated: openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 Complete! ---> 996824f87698 Removing intermediate container 36ebe7b47657 Step 6/9 : ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html ---> a21387c003a7 Removing intermediate container 74dfd64941b1 Step 7/9 : RUN echo "daemon off;">>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf ---> Running in bd60f92d877e ---> 3b20cd6163a8 Removing intermediate container bd60f92d877e Step 8/9 : EXPOSE 80 ---> Running in 54e388a3fd21 ---> 2aeecbaba79b Removing intermediate container 54e388a3fd21 Step 9/9 : CMD nginx ---> Running in 32d4b23b050c ---> 3babdf3c6c6d Removing intermediate container 32d4b23b050c Successfully built 3babdf3c6c6d
5、验证一下,并用curl测试
[root@web1 docker]# docker run -d --name my_nginx1 zxg/nginx1 #后台运行整个容器 751a8f9dda48c034d40b8855b3dd6c7aaf785eeaa9ae404c5eb3c0271e434f50 [root@web1 docker]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 751a8f9dda48 zxg/nginx1 "nginx" About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp my_nginx1 [root@web1 docker]# docker exec -it my_nginx1 bash #进入容器 [root@751a8f9dda48 /]# cat /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html #查看文件是否添加到容器 this is docker-centos7-nginx1 [root@751a8f9dda48 /]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # For more information on configuration, see: # * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/ # * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/ user nginx; worker_processes auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /run/nginx.pid; # Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic. include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory. # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include # for more information. include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; server_name _; root /usr/share/nginx/html; # Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { } } # Settings for a TLS enabled server. # # server { # listen 443 ssl http2 default_server; # listen [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server; # server_name _; # root /usr/share/nginx/html; # # ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt"; # ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key"; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 10m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # # # Load configuration files for the default server block. # include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; # # location / { # } # # error_page 404 /404.html; # location = /40x.html { # } # # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; # location = /50x.html { # } # } } daemon off; [root@751a8f9dda48 /]# exit exit [root@web1 docker]#
[root@751a8f9dda48 html]# curl 127.0.0.1 this is docker-centos7-nginx1 [root@751a8f9dda48 html]#
[root@web1 ~]# docker inspect my_nginx1 |grep IPAddress "SecondaryIPAddresses": null, "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", [root@web1 ~]# curl 172.17.0.2 this is docker-centos7-nginx1 [root@web1 ~]#