• re模块


    import re   #正则就是做模糊匹配

    print(re.findall("alex","zszalexzsz"))
    #元字符 .:通配符,除了 都可以匹配
    print(re.findall("al...ex","alzszex")) #一个点只代表一个字符

    #元字符 ^ :只能在字符串开头匹配内容
    print(re.findall("^al...ex","alzszexalzszex"))

    #元字符 $ :只能在字符串结尾匹配内容
    print(re.findall("al...ex$","alzszexalzszex"))

    #元字符 * :重复符号,*前字符可重复匹配(0,∞)次
    print(re.findall("alex*","zszalexxxxxx"))
    print(re.findall("alex*","zszale"))

    #元字符 + :重复符号,+前字符可重复匹配(1,∞)次,+前必须有一个字符
    print(re.findall("alex+","zszalexxxxxx"))
    print(re.findall("alex+","zszale"))

    #元字符 ?:重复符号,?前字符可重复匹配(0,1)次
    print(re.findall("alex?","alexxxale"))
    print(re.findall("alex+?","alexxxale"))
    print(re.findall("alex*?","alexxxale"))

    #元字符 {}:重复符号,{0,} == * {1,} == + {0,1} == ?
    print(re.findall("alex{0,6}","alexxxxxxx"))

    #元字符 []:字符集
    print(re.findall("q[a-z]","qxghj")) #q后面只要加a到z任意字母都能匹配成功
    print(re.findall("q[a-z]*","qxghj9")) # * 表示重复前面的字符集
    print(re.findall("q[0-9]*","q"))
    print(re.findall("q[^a-z]","qx")) #^尖角号在[]内为非
    print(re.findall("([^()]*)","18+(2*(69-3))")) #[]:特殊:-^ 找到括号开头,括号结尾,且中间没有括号的字符串

    #元字符 :转义符,让元字符变成普通字符,让普通字符变得有意义
    #d:匹配任何十进制数,相当于类[0-9]
    print(re.findall("d","18+(2*(69-3))"))
    print(re.findall("d+","18+(2*(69-3))"))

    #D:匹配任何非数字字符,相当于类[^0-9]
    print(re.findall("D","18+(2*(69-3))"))

    #s:匹配任何空白字符,相当于类[ fv]
    print(re.findall("s","z s___z")) #_表示抽象的空格

    #S:匹配任何非空白字符,相当于类[^ fv]
    print(re.findall("S+","zsz lhf z"))

    #w:匹配任何字母数字字符,相当于类[a-zA-Z0-9]
    print(re.findall("w","zsz123"))

    #W:匹配任何非字母数字字符,相当于类[^a-zA-Z0-9]
    print(re.findall("w","zsz123**//"))

    #:匹配一个特殊字符边界,比如空格,&,#等
    print(re.findall(r"I","I_am LIST")) # r 原生字符串 加上r表示字符串内容不做任何转义
    print(re.findall("I\b","I_am LIST")) #在python这一层有意义,python解释器会把翻译成python内规定的内容,
    而不再是re所定义的

    #python转义re再转义
    print(re.findall("c\\l","cl")) #python将c\\l经过转义,re得到c\l,re再将c\l进行转义得到cl,
    -->['c\l'] 经过两层转义,python转义完传给re,re再转义

    print(re.findall(r"c\l","cl")) #跳过python转义,只让re转义
    -->['c\l']

    #元字符 | :管道符 或
    print(re.findall(r"ka|b","kab"))
    -->['ka','b']

    #元字符 ():分组符号
    print(re.search("(?P<name>[a-z]+)(?P<age>d+)","alex36xialv33").group("name"))#若不加group 则search返回一个对象
    -->alex

    print(re.findall("(?P<name>[a-z]+)(?P<age>d+)","alex36xialv33")) #search只找一个,findall找出所有
    -->[('alex','36'),('xialv','33')]

    print(re.findall("[a-z]+d+","alex36xialv33"))
    -->['alex36','xialv33']
    #re的常用方法
    #re.findall
    #re.search
    #re.match 同search,只会在开头匹配,用.group()取值

    #re.split 分割
    print(re.split("[ |]","hello abc|def"))
    -->['hello','abc','def']

    print(re.split("[ab]","asdbsads")) #先按a分割得到“”,“sdbs”,“ds”,再按b分割得到“”,“sd”,“s”,“ds”
    -->["","sd","s","ds"]

    #re.sub(old,new,str,count) 替换
    print(re.sub("d+","A","zsz123lhf456",1))
    -->zszAlhf456

    #re.subn 替换,返回替换次数
    print(re.subn("d+","A","zsz123lhf456"))
    -->('zszAlhfA',2)

    #re.compile() 编译,可以用多次
    com = re.compile("d+")
    print(com.findall("zsz123lhf456"))
    -->['123','456']

    #re.finditer 返回迭代器对象,用一条处理一条
    print(re.finditer("d","zsz12lhf456"))
    print(next(re.finditer("d","zsz12lhf456")).group())
    -->1

    #注意
    print(re.findall("www.(baidu|163).com","www.baidu.com"))
    -->['baidu']

    print(re.findall("www.(?:baidu|163).com","www.baidu.com")) #?: 取消分组的优先级
    -->['www.baidu.com']
  • 相关阅读:
    办公开发环境(外接显示屏,wifi热点)
    awk, sed, xargs, bash
    regular expression, grep (python, linux)
    Linux环境常用命令
    Approximate timing for various operations on a typical PC
    numpy初用
    shell代码模板
    virtualenv(for python)
    《Oracle RAC性能优化》
    【Oracle 集群】ORACLE DATABASE 11G RAC 知识图文详细教程之缓存融合技术和主要后台进程(转)
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangsenzhen/p/9418541.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知