在线程创建的时候pthread_exit都是调用的固定参数，我们先来看下如果用自动变量作为pthread_exit的参数时出现的问题
typedef struct foo{
int a;
int b;
int c;
int d;
}foo;
void printinfo(const char *s,const struct foo *fp){
printf("%s",s);
printf("structure at 0x%lx ",(unsigned long)fp);
printf("foo.a=%d ",fp->a);
printf("foo.b=%d ",fp->b);
printf("foo.c=%d ",fp->c);
printf("foo.d=%d ",fp->d);
}
void printids(const char *s){
pid_t pid;
pthread_t tid;
pid=getpid();
tid=pthread_self();
printf("%s pid %lu tid %lu (0x%lx) ",s,(unsigned long)pid,(unsigned long)tid,(unsigned long)tid);
}
void *thr_fn2(void *arg){
printf("threaqd 2:ID is %lu ",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
pthread_exit((void *)0);
}
void *thr_fn1(void *arg){
foo f={1,2,3,4};
printinfo("thread1: ",&f);
pthread_exit((void *)&f);
}
int main()
{
pthread_t tid1,tid2;
foo *fp;
pthread_create(&tid1,NULL,thr_fn1,NULL);
pthread_join(tid1,(void *)&fp);
Sleep(1);
printf("parent starting create thread2: ");
pthread_create(&tid2,NULL,thr_fn2,NULL);
Sleep(1);
printinfo("parent: ",fp);
return 0;
}
在这个程序中，调用pthread_join(tid1,(void *)&fp)的时候会将返回码赋值给fp参数。然后再父进程中调用fp。
执行结果：可以看到当父进程中试图访问已退出的第一个线程传给它的结构时，内存不在有效，因此得到了SIGSEGV信号
Thread1:
Structure at 0x2bfff04
foo.a=1
foo.b=2
foo.c=3
foo.d=4
parent starting create thread2
thread 2 : ID is 3
segmentation fault(core dumped)
线程可以安排它退出时需要调用的函数，这样的函数称为线程清理处理程序。
void thread_cleanup_push(void (*rtn)(void *), void *arg);
void pthread_cleanup_pop(int execute)
rtn是调用的函数，arg是传入的参数。
void cleanup(void *arg){
printf("cleanup:%s ",(char *)arg);
}
void *thr_fn2(void *arg){
printf("thread2 start ");
pthread_cleanup_push(cleanup,"thread2 first handler");
pthread_cleanup_push(cleanup,"thread2 second handler");
printf("thread2 push complete ");
if (arg)
pthread_exit((void *)2);
pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
}
void *thr_fn1(void *arg){
printf("thread1 start ");
pthread_cleanup_push(cleanup,"thread1 first handler");
pthread_cleanup_push(cleanup,"thread1 second handler");
printf("thread1 push complete ");
if (arg)
return((void *)1);
pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
}
int main()
{
pthread_t tid1,tid2;
void *tret;
pthread_create(&tid1,NULL,thr_fn1,(void *)1);
pthread_create(&tid2,NULL,thr_fn2,(void *)1);
pthread_join(tid1,&tret);
printf("thread 1 exit code %ld ",(long)tret);
pthread_join(tid2,&tret);
printf("thread 2 exit code %ld ",(long)tret);
return 0;
}
运行结果如下：两个线程都正确的自动启动和退出了，但是只有第二个线程的清理处理程序被调用了，如果线程是通过从它的启动历程中返回(return)而不是pthread_exit的话，它的清理程序就不会调用
