unittest单元测试框架教程4discover命令运行多个测试脚本

当我们有多个测试脚本时，使用python -m unittest会搜索当前目录运行所有脚本，我们建造多个文件，使用不同的测试方法。

'''jisuanqi.py'''

def jiafa(a,b):
    if type(a) is str or type(b) is str:
        return str(a) + str(b)
    return a+b

def chengfa(a,b):
    if type(a) is str or type(b) is str:
        return 0
    return a*b

'''testjiafa.py'''

import unittest
import ddt
from jisuanqi import *

testdata = [{'a':1,'b':1,'jiafa':2,'chengfa':1},
            {'a':'a','b':1,'jiafa':'a1','chengfa':'a'},
            {'a':'a','b':'b','jiafa':'ab','chengfa':'ab'}]

@ddt.ddt
class TestMath(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        pass

    def tearDown(self):
        pass

    @ddt.data(*testdata)
    def test_jiafa(self,data):
        '''测试加法程序'''
        try:
            self.assertEqual(jiafa(data['a'],data['b']),data['jiafa'])
            print(str(data['a']) + '+' + str(data['b']) + '=' + str(data['jiafa']))
        except Exception as e:
            print(str(data['a']) + '+' + str(data['b']) + '=' + str(data['jiafa'] + ' X'))
            raise e

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

'''testchengfa.py'''

import unittest
import ddt
from jisuanqi import *

testdata = [{'a':1,'b':1,'jiafa':2,'chengfa':1},
            {'a':'a','b':1,'jiafa':'a1','chengfa':'a'},
            {'a':'a','b':'b','jiafa':'ab','chengfa':'ab'}]

@ddt.ddt
class TestMath(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        pass

    def tearDown(self):
        pass

    @ddt.data(*testdata)
    def test_chengfa(self,data):
        '''测试乘法程序'''
        try:
            self.assertEqual(chengfa(data['a'],data['b']),data['chengfa'])
            print(str(data['a']) + '*' + str(data['b']) + '=' + str(data['chengfa']))
        except Exception as e:
            print(str(data['a']) + '*' + str(data['b']) + '=' + str(data['chengfa'] + ' X'))
            raise e

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

在同一目录创建runner.py

import unittest

testsuite = unittest.TestLoader().discover('./')
runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()
runner.run(testsuite)

相当于python -m unittest discover

通过从指定的起始目录递归到子目录中，找到所有测试模块，然后返回包含它们的TestSuite对象。

运行查看结果

.FF...
======================================================================
FAIL: test_chengfa_2 (testchengfa.TestMath)
测试乘法程序
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\venv\lib\site-packages\ddt.py", line 182, in wrapper
return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\testchengfa.py", line 27, in test_chengfa
raise e
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\testchengfa.py", line 23, in test_chengfa
self.assertEqual(chengfa(data['a'], data['b']), data['chengfa'])
AssertionError: 0 != 'a'

======================================================================
FAIL: test_chengfa_3 (testchengfa.TestMath)
测试乘法程序
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\venv\lib\site-packages\ddt.py", line 182, in wrapper
return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\testchengfa.py", line 27, in test_chengfa
raise e
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\testchengfa.py", line 23, in test_chengfa
self.assertEqual(chengfa(data['a'], data['b']), data['chengfa'])
AssertionError: 0 != 'ab'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 6 tests in 0.002s

FAILED (failures=2)
1*1=1
a*1=a X
a*b=ab X
1+1=2
a+1=a1
a+b=ab

Process finished with exit code 0

python -m unittest 与 python -m unittest discover 等价。如果你需要向探索性测试传入参数，必须显式地使用 discover 子命令。

discover参数：

-v, --verbose

更详细地输出结果。

(venv) D:\PycharmProjects\unitest>python -m unittest discover -v
test_chengfa_1 (testchengfa.TestChengfa)
测试乘法程序 ... 1*1=1
ok
test_chengfa_2 (testchengfa.TestChengfa)
测试乘法程序 ... a*1=a X
FAIL
test_chengfa_3 (testchengfa.TestChengfa)
测试乘法程序 ... a*b=ab X
FAIL
test_jiafa_1 (testjiafa.TestJiafa)
测试加法程序 ... 1+1=2
ok
test_jiafa_2 (testjiafa.TestJiafa)
测试加法程序 ... a+1=a1
ok
test_jiafa_3 (testjiafa.TestJiafa)
测试加法程序 ... a+b=ab
ok

======================================================================
FAIL: test_chengfa_2 (testchengfa.TestChengfa)
测试乘法程序
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\venv\lib\site-packages\ddt.py", line 182, in wrapper
return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\testchengfa.py", line 27, in test_chengfa
raise e
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\testchengfa.py", line 23, in test_chengfa
self.assertEqual(chengfa(data['a'], data['b']), data['chengfa'])
AssertionError: 0 != 'a'

======================================================================
FAIL: test_chengfa_3 (testchengfa.TestChengfa)
测试乘法程序
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\venv\lib\site-packages\ddt.py", line 182, in wrapper
return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\testchengfa.py", line 27, in test_chengfa
raise e
File "D:\PycharmProjects\unitest\testchengfa.py", line 23, in test_chengfa
self.assertEqual(chengfa(data['a'], data['b']), data['chengfa'])
AssertionError: 0 != 'ab'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 6 tests in 0.006s

FAILED (failures=2)

-s, --start-directory

开始进行搜索的目录(默认值为当前目录 . )

-p, --pattern

用于匹配测试文件的模式（默认为 test*.py ）