memcached随笔练习

实验环境：

RHEL 6.5 （已关闭selinux,iptables）

首先部署LNMP环境，该步骤采用源码编译安装

安装Nginx-1.8.0

准备软件包：nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

下载地址：

http://nginx.org/en/download.html 官方网址

http://mirrors.sohu.com/nginx/（搜狐开源镜像站）

[root@slave-147 ~]# mkdir tar      //存放tar包文件

[root@slave-147 ~]# cd tar/

安装依赖包

[root@slave-147 ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel -y

[root@slave-147 ~]# cd tar

[root@slave-147 tar]# tar -xf pcre-8.37.tar.bz2     //只需要解压出来就好

[root@slave-147 tar]# tar -xf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz        //解压

[root@slave-147 tar]# cd nginx-1.8.0
[root@slave-147 nginx-1.8.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 

--with-http_dav_module 

--with-http_stub_status_module 

--with-http_addition_module 

--with-http_sub_module 

--with-http_flv_module 

--with-http_mp4_module 

--with-pcre=/root/tar/pcre-8.37
[root@slave-147 nginx-1.8.0]# make -j 4 && make install

配置nginx

[root@slave-147 nginx-1.8.0]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

将#user  nobody;

改为 user  nginx nginx;

然后将
location ~ .php$ {
             root           html;
             fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
             fastcgi_index  index.php;
             fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /script$fastcgi_script_name;
             include        fastcgi_params;
         }

改为
location ~ .php$ {
             root           html;
             fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
             fastcgi_index  index.php;
             fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
             include        fastcgi_params;
         }
保存退出！

[root@slave-147 nginx-1.8.0]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx   //启动测试

[root@slave-147 nginx-1.8.0]# yum install -y elinks

[root@slave-147 nginx-1.8.0]# elinks 127.1 --dump   //看到如下信息证明nginx没问题
                                Welcome to nginx!

   If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
    working. Further configuration is required.

   For online documentation and support please refer to [1]nginx.org.
    Commercial support is available at [2]nginx.com.

   Thank you for using nginx.

References

   Visible links
    1. http://nginx.org/
    2. http://nginx.com

安装mysql

准备软件包：mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz

下载地址：

http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/      //以前下载还有5.6.26，现在没有了

http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz  //   官网下载地址

http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/     //搜狐之前也有的，现在没有了

开始解压安装

[root@slave-147 tar]# tar -xf mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz
[root@slave-147 tar]# cd mysql-5.6.26
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# useradd -M -u 8000 -s /sbin/nologin mysql 
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# cmake 
-DMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock 
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all 
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_READLINE=1 
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data 
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# make -j 4 && make install
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

开始配置MySQL

[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql5.6
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# vim /etc/init.d/mysql5.6   //找到basedir和datadir修改为日如下（路径要根据自己的实际情况而定）

basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# ./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /bin/
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# service mysql5.6 start
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# vim /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# mysql_secure_installation                         //安全初始化，设置数据库root密码及其相关选项，按照自己需求而定，可以输入123456，回车，再次输入123456，然后接下来的选项直接输入yes回车
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# mysql -uroot -p123456                           //弹出如下信息，证明数据库正常
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.26 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> q
Bye

安装PHP

[root@slave-147 mysql-5.6.26]# cd /root/tar/
[root@slave-147 tar]# tar -xf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 
[root@slave-147 tar]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make -j 4
[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make install

解决依赖：

[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]#yum install -y php-pear
[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]#vim /etc/ld.so.conf     //添加如下两行内容
/usr/local/libmcrypt/lib
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ldconfig
[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# yum install -y libxml2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel
[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# tar -xf php-5.6.13.tar.bz2 
[root@slave-147 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# cd php-5.6.13
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]#./configure 
--prefix=/usr/local/php 
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php 
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql 
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config 
--with-iconv-dir 
--with-freetype-dir 
--with-jpeg-dir 
--with-png-dir 
--with-zlib 
--with-libxml-dir=/usr 
--enable-xml 
--disable-rpath 
--enable-bcmath 
--enable-shmop 
--enable-sysvsem 
--enable-inline-optimization 
--with-curl 
--enable-mbregex 
--enable-fpm 
--enable-mbstring 
--with-gd 
--enable-gd-native-ttf 
--with-openssl 
--with-mhash 
--enable-pcntl 
--enable-sockets 
--with-xmlrpc 
--enable-zip 
--enable-soap 
--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# make -j 4 && make install
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# cd /root/tar/php-5.6.13
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/php.ini
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php //创建测试页面
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# firefox 192.168.75.147/index.php  //弹出如下页面证明php正常

 

安装libevent

[root@slave-147 php-5.6.13]# cd ../
[root@slave-147 tar]# tar -xf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.g
[root@slave-147 tar]# cd libevent-2.0.22-stable
[root@slave-147 libevent-2.0.22-stable]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
[root@slave-147 libevent-2.0.22-stable]# make -j 4 && make install

安装memcached

准备软件包：

memcache-2.2.7.tgz

memcached-1.4.25.tar.tar

相关软件下载地址：

http://pecl.php.net/package/memcache                               // memcached-1.4.25.tar.tar
http://libevent.org/                                                                    // libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
http://www.memcached.org/                                                  // memcache-2.2.7.tgz
http://php.net/downloads.php                                              // php-5.6.13.tar.bz2
http://mcrypt.hellug.gr/index.html                                      // libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2
http://pcre.org/                                                                        // pcre-8.37.tar.bz2

[root@slave-147 libevent-2.0.22-stable]# cd ../
[root@slave-147 tar]# tar -xf memcache-2.2.7.tgz
[root@slave-147 tar]# cd memcached-1.4.25
[root@slave-147 memcached-1.4.25]# ./configure 
--prefix=/usr/local/memcached 
--with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent/
[root@slave-147 memcached-1.4.25]# make -j 4 && make install
[root@slave-147 memcached-1.4.25]# /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached                                                         //-m 内存缓存大小 ；-c 最大并发 ； -d 作为守护进程在后台启动
-u root -p 11211 -l 192.168.75.147 -P /var/run/memcached.pid -m 128m -c 2048 -d
[root@slave-147 memcached-1.4.25]# echo "/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -u root -p 11211 -l       //设置开机启动
192.168.75.147 -P /var/run/memcached.pid -m 128m -c 2048 -d" >> /etc/rc.local
[root@slave-147 memcached-1.4.25]# netstat -antup | grep 11211
tcp        0      0 192.168.75.147:11211        0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      80047/memcached     
udp        0      0 192.168.75.147:11211        0.0.0.0:*                               80047/memcached 
[root@slave-147 memcached-1.4.25]# yum install -y telnet
测试：（第一次测试的时候，晕圈了，没有按照设置的字符串长度来设值，所以报错了）
[root@slave-147 ~]# telnet 192.168.75.147 11211
Trying 192.168.75.147...
Connected to 192.168.75.147.
Escape character is '^]'.
set name 4 300 6                                 #赋值格式：set key flag exptime bytes,这里设置name的值为Mkkkkkkkkkkkk，过期时间为300秒，字符串长度6，flag是一个无符号整数标记，这里可以随便给值
Mkkkkkkkkkkkk
CLIENT_ERROR bad data chunk
ERROR

set sishen 2 10 5
12345
STORED                                   //STORED表示存储成功
get sishen
VALUE sishen 2 5
12345
END
get sishen                              //时间超过设置期限值时，就会自动删除，所以get不到值
END
quit                                         //退出
[root@slave-147 ~]# /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached –h    可以查看memcached的帮助信息

安装memcache-2.2.7

[root@slave-147 memcached-1.4.25]# cd ..
[root@slave-147 tar]# tar -xf memcache-2.2.7.tgz
[root@slave-147 tar]# cd memcache-2.2.7
[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize 
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version:         20131106
Zend Module Api No:      20131226
Zend Extension Api No:   220131226
[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# ./configure 
> --enable-memcache 
> --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# make && make install
[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# ls /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/
memcache.so  opcache.a  opcache.so                                                                           //编译出来的模块
[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# vim /usr/local/php/php.ini
734 ; extension_dir = "./"                             //在734行下面添加如下两行内容
  735 ;       extension_dir='/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-2     0131226/'
  736 extension=memcache.so
[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm  done
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# firefox 192.168.75.147/index.php

测试memcache连接memcached

[root@slave-147 memcache-2.2.7]# cd
[root@slave-147 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/mem.php
<?php
$memcache = memcache_connect('192.168.75.147',11211);
$memcache->set('test','hello world !',0,12);
$val = $memcache->get('test');
echo $val;
?>

测试memcached缓存数据库

[root@slave-147 ~]# service mysql5.6 restart 
Shutting down MySQL.                                       [  OK  ]
Starting MySQL.                                            [  OK  ]
[root@slave-147 ~]# seq 1 9999 > /tmp/sum   //seq命令，用于产生一组连续的有序数列
[root@slave-147 ~]# cat /tmp/sum

1
2
3
4

………………
9995
9996
9997
9998
9999
[root@slave-147 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "create database db01"
[root@slave-147 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "use db01;create table T1(ID int)ENGINE=innodb"
[root@slave-147 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "use db01;load data infile '/tmp/sum' into table T1"

创建测试页面：

[root@slave-147 html]# vim test.html

<html>
<head>
<title> Memcache study test </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"> Welcome to sishen.xueji.com </h1>
<br />
<br />
<a href=./read.html>Read Test</a>
<br /> <br />
<a href=./write.html> Write test</a>
</body>
</html>

[root@slave-147 html]# vim read.html

<html>
<head>
<title> Memcached Read Test </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"> Memcached Read Test Page </h1>
<br />
<br />
<h3>please input a number</h3>
<form action="read.php" method="post">
NUM:
<input type="text" name="num" />
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

[root@slave-147 html]# vim write.html

<html>
<head>
<title> Memcached Wead Test </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"> Memcached Write Test Page </h1>
<br />
<br />
<h3>please input a number and click submit</h3>
<form action="write.php" method="post">
NUM:
<input type="text" name="num" />
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html

[root@slave-147 html]# vim read.php

<?php
$memcachehost = '192.168.75.147';
$memcacheport = 11211;
$memcachelife = 60;
$memcache = new Memcache;
$memcache->connect($memcachehost,$memcacheport) or die ("Could not connect");
$num=$_POST["num"];
$db=db01;
$tb=T1;
$query="select * from $tb where ID=$num";
#$key=md5($query);
$key=md5($num);
if(!$memcache->get($key))
{
$conn=mysql_connect("127.0.0.1","root","123456");
mysql_select_db($db);
$result=mysql_query($query);
# echo "mysql $num";
while ($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($result))
{
$arr[]=$row;
}
$f = 'mysql';
$memcache->add($key,serialize($arr),0,30); //mysql 查询后，插入 memcached
$data = $arr ;
}
else{
$f = 'memcache';

$data_mem=$memcache->get($key);
$data = unserialize($data_mem);
}
echo "$f $num";
echo "key is $key";
echo "<br>";
?>

[root@slave-147 html]# vim write.php
<?php
$memcachehost = '192.168.75.147';
$memcacheport = 11211;
$memcachelife = 60;
$memcache = new Memcache;

$memcache->connect($memcachehost,$memcacheport) or die ("Could not connect");
$num=$_POST["num"];
$db=db01;
$tb=T1;
$query="insert into $tb values($num)";
#$key=md5($query);
$key=md5($num);
if(!$memcache->get($key))
{
$conn=mysql_connect("192.168.75.147","root","123456");
mysql_select_db($db);
$result=mysql_query($query);
while ($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($result))
{
$arr[]=$row;
}
$f = 'mysql';
$memcache->add($key,serialize($arr),0,30); //mysql 插入成功后，插入 memcached
$data = $arr ;
#}
#else{
$f1 = 'memcache';
$data_mem=$memcache->get($key);
$data = unserialize($data_mem);
}
echo "$f $f1 $num";
echo "<br>";
?>
[root@slave-147 html]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@slave-147 html]# firefox 192.168.75.147/mysql_connect.php

测试memcache

[root@slave-147 html]# firefox 192.168.75.147/test.html

点击Read Test输入一个存在的字段查询

点击Submit，结果如下

写测试：

输入一个测试值：

去数据库查看插入的数据

查询成功~