首先配置MAC OS 系统 装机也好 虚拟机也好
本人是WIN7下 虚拟机VM 上安装 MAC OS 10.92 +xcode5
OC 基础：oc是苹果的OS X 和 IOS 及其相关API，Cocoa 和 Cocoa Touch的主要编程语言
Cocoa 是 苹果的面向对象开发框架，用来生成
Mac OS X 的应用程序。主要的开发语言为 Objective-c
1 NSLog(@"字符串"); 输出字符串 跟C的 printf差不多 NSLog(@"%d %lu",5,strlen(buffer));
2
NSString Cocoa用来处理字符串的类 不可改变
NSString *a ; a = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"hello Panda!"];
NSLog(@"%@ length is %d ",a,[a length]); //length和stringWithFormat都是NSString的类方法
if([str isEqualToString: str2]){
NSLog(@"the same!");
}
[str compare: str2 options: xxx] 选择性比较
[str hasPrefix: @"draft"] 看看是否包含另一个字符串
修改用 NSMutableString这个子类
NSMutableString *str = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:50];
[str appendString: @"Hello "];
[str appendFormat: @"human %d",39]; //最后弄完后是 Hello human 39删除字符串： NSMutableString *str = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:50];// NSMutableString 是NSString的子类 [str appendString:@"1 2 3 4"]; NSRange Range = [str rangeOfString:@"3"]; Range.length++; [Range deleteCaractersInRange: Range]; 最后就剩下 "1 2 4" 可以直接 NSMutableString *str = [NSMutableStringstringWithFormat:@"%d = 1",1];
NSArray 一个Cocoa类，用来存储对象的有序列表，可以在其中放置任意类型的对象
限制是只能存储OC的对象 不可改变
NSArray * array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"one",@"two",@"three", nil];
NSArray * array2 = @[@"one",@"two",@"three"];
for (NSInteger i =0; i<[array count]; i++) {
NSLog(@"index %d is %@",i,[array objectAtIndex:i]);
}
for (NSInteger i2 =0; i2<[array2 count]; i2++) {
NSLog(@"index %d is %@",i2,[array2 objectAtIndex:i2]);
}MSMutableArray 可以随意添加
NSArray *array = @[@"1",@"2",@"3"];
NSEnumerator *enumerator = [array objectEnumerator];
id object;
while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) {
NSLog(@"I found %@",object);
}
for (NSString *string in array) {
NSLog(@"I found %@",string);
}
NSNumber *number;
number = @'x';
number = @12345;
number = @12345ul;
number = @12345ll;
number = @123.45f;
number = @123.45;
number = @YES;
NSRect rect = NSMakeRect(1, 2, 30, 40);
NSValue *value = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&rect objCType:@encode(NSRect)];//@encode 用来描述C语言基础类型的方法下面是查询MAC上主目录下.jpg文件打印到列表
NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
NSFileManager *manager;
manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSString *home;
home = [@"~" stringByExpandingTildeInPath];//当前用户的主目录
NSMutableArray *files;
files = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity: 42];
for (NSString *filename in [manager enumeratorAtPath: home]) {
if ([[filename pathExtension]
isEqualTo: @"jpg"]) {
[files addObject: filename];
}
}
for (NSString *filename in files) {
NSLog (@"%@", filename);
}
[pool drain];//下面为介绍 计数器的原理：
@interface RetainTracker : NSObject
@end // RetainTracker
@implementation RetainTracker
- (id) init//初始化
{
if (self = [super init]) {
NSLog (@"init: Retain count of %d.",
[self retainCount]);//获得保留计数器的值
}
return (self);
} // init
- (void) dealloc //结束
{
NSLog (@"dealloc called. Bye Bye.");
[super dealloc];
} // dealloc
@end // RetainTracker
//main
RetainTracker *tracker = [RetainTracker new];
// count: 1
[tracker retain]; // count: 2
NSLog (@"%d", [tracker retainCount]);
[tracker release]; // count: 1
NSLog (@"%d", [tracker retainCount]);
[tracker release]; // count: 0, dealloc it3 .m 文件 .mm 文件扩展名-- c++ and oc编程
类的说明
//@class 提前告知是类
//下面为两个实例变量+3个方法
@interface Circle : NSObject //@interface 是定义新类Circle 基于 NSObject类
{
@private
ShapeColor fillcolor;
ShapeRect bounds;
- (void) setFillColor: (ShapeColor) fillColor; // :告诉我们后面有参数 参数类型为圆括号中指定 fillColor为参数名
- (void) setBounds: (ShapeRect) bounds; //有一个矩形区域参数
- (void) draw; //方法不需要参数就不需要冒号
}
@implementation Circle //编译器指令，表明为某个类提供 代码，
//可以定义没在@interface中没有声明过的方法，看做仅能在当前类实现中使用的私有方法
- (void) setFillColor: (ShapeColor) c //给fillColor重命名
{
fillColor = c;
} // setFillColor
- (void) setBounds: (ShapeRect) b
{
bounds = b;
} // setBounds
//如果这里的 是 + 在头 那么就是类方法
- (void) draw
{
NSLog (@"drawing a circle at (%d %d %d %d) in %@",
bounds.x, bounds.y,
bounds.width, bounds.height,
colorName(fillColor));
} // draw//main:
id shapes[3];
ShapeRect rect0 = { 0, 0, 10, 30 };
shapes[0] = [Circle new];
[shapes[0] setBounds: rect0];
[shapes[0] setFillColor: kRedColor];
int i;
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{id shape = shapes[i];
[shape draw];
}//下面为类函数重写过程：
@implementation Circle
// I'm new!
- (void) setFillColor: (ShapeColor) c
{
if (c == kRedColor) {
c = kGreenColor;
}
[super setFillColor: c]; //这行重要
} // setFillColor
- (void) draw
{
NSLog (@"drawing a circle at (%d %d %d %d) in %@",
bounds.x, bounds.y,
bounds.width, bounds.height,
colorName(fillColor));
} // draw
@end // Circle//下面展示一个 自己初始化的类
@interface Car : NSObject
{
Engine *engine; //另外的两个类
Tire *tires[4];
}
- (void) print;
@end // Car
@implementation Car
- (id) init
{
if (self = [super init]) { //这里就是指代的本身
engine = [Engine new];
tires[0] = [Tire new];
tires[1] = [Tire new];
tires[2] = [Tire new];
tires[3] = [Tire new];
}
return (self);
} // init
xcode基础
快捷键 我的MAC OS command 就是 win键 option = alt
xcode生成执行文件
在工程的target目录下，找build seeting选项卡，然后找到Per-configuration Build Products Path ，将值设置为 ./appdir
“打开我的电脑” command+n -> command +shift+c
创建快照 command+ctrl+ s 好修改
编辑：
ctrl+e 本行末尾 ctrl+a 本行前端
ctrl + i 重新排列代码
隐藏 command + h
解除导航器 command+0
提示：
ctrl + . 向后翻页 ctrl+ shift + . 向前翻页
按住 alt+ 某个符号就直接查询API
调试：
command+b 生成
command+r 调试 command+ 下断
command+ctrl+y continue f7 步入 f6 步过 f8 跳出函数
还有双页显示：
