docker 部署 jenkins

　　建议使用的Docker映像是jenkinsci/blueocean image(来自 the Docker Hub repository)。 该镜像包含当前的长期支持 (LTS) 的Jenkins版本 （可以投入使用） ，捆绑了所有Blue Ocean插件和功能。

部署方法：

docker run 
  -u root 
  --name jenkins 
  -d 
  -p 8080:8080 
  -p 50000:50000 
  -v jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home 
  -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock 
  jenkinsci/blueocean

参数说明：

--name jenkins         (可选）指定容器名称

-d                (可选）jenkinsci/blueocean 在后台运行容器（即“分离”模式）并输出容器ID。如果您不指定此选项， 则在终端窗口中输出正在运行的此容器的Docker日志。

-p 8080:8080        映射jenkinsci/blueocean 容器的端口8080到主机上的端口8080。 第一个数字代表主机上的端口，而最后一个代表容器的端口。如果您为此选项指定 -p 49000:8080 ，您将通过端口49000访问主机上的Jenkins。

-p 50000:50000        可选）将 jenkinsci/blueocean 容器的端口50000 映射到主机上的端口50000。 如果您在其他机器上设置了一个或多个基于JNLP的Jenkins代理程序，而这些代理程序又与 jenkinsci/blueocean 容器交互（充当“主”Jenkins服务器，或者简称为“Jenkins主”）， 则这是必需的。默认情况下，基于JNLP的Jenkins代理通过TCP端口50000与Jenkins主站进行通信。

-v jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home        （可选，但强烈建议）映射在容器中的`/var/jenkins_home` 目录到具有名字 jenkins-data 的volume。 如果这个卷不存在，那么这个 docker run 命令会自动为你创建卷。 如果您希望每次重新启动Jenkins（通过此 docker run ... 命令）时保持Jenkins状态，则此选项是必需的 。 

-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock        （可选 /var/run/docker.sock 表示Docker守护程序通过其监听的基于Unix的套接字。 该映射允许 jenkinsci/blueocean 容器与Docker守护进程通信， 如果 jenkinsci/blueocean 容器需要实例化其他Docker容器，则该守护进程是必需的。 

jenkinsci/blueocean        jenkinsci/blueocean Docker镜像本身。如果此镜像尚未下载，则此 docker run 命令 将自动为您下载镜像。此外，如果自上次运行此命令后发布了此镜像的任何更新， 则再次运行此命令将自动为您下载这些已发布的镜像更新。 注意：这个Docker镜像也可以使用以下 docker pull命令独立下载（或更新） ： docker pull jenkinsci/blueocean

　　此安装方法取自jenkins官方安装文档。

配置实例：

[root@localhost ~]# docker run 
>   -u root 
>   --name jenkins 
>   -d 
>   -p 8080:8080 
>   -p 50000:50000 
>   -v jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home 
>   -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock 
>   jenkinsci/blueocean
Unable to find image 'jenkinsci/blueocean:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from jenkinsci/blueocean
bdf0201b3a05: Pull complete 
9e12771959ad: Pull complete 
018b76c3c533: Pull complete 
fb7916dfb471: Pull complete 
efeeaeb1034e: Pull complete 
9d0828dae329: Pull complete 
93c94dc28c28: Pull complete 
51c9f4cab046: Pull complete 
1529253d9fb0: Pull complete 
0308c8ef7639: Pull complete 
e701e5d6451c: Pull complete 
3a0b79c07d56: Pull complete 
28c17bce8836: Pull complete 
d1e02b0dadf5: Pull complete 
2a22db2a9af0: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:6cb529ad8c56539e4480a567a1b86a1926fa667de55db6fb4e795e13af6509f7
Status: Downloaded newer image for jenkinsci/blueocean:latest
1ac2c92cf7b2b4c58cab5c17046683da6be5781ba31b6c7b9533f24c0f89b190

打开web管理页面：

密码可以从docker logs 中查找到：

[root@localhost ~]# docker logs jenkins
Running from: /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war
webroot: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
May 22, 2019 2:36:57 AM org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log initialized
INFO: Logging initialized @485ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.JavaUtilLog
May 22, 2019 2:36:57 AM winstone.Logger logInternal
INFO: Beginning extraction from war file
May 22, 2019 2:36:59 AM org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler setContextPath
WARNING: Empty contextPath
May 22, 2019 2:36:59 AM org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server doStart
INFO: jetty-9.4.z-SNAPSHOT; built: 2018-08-30T13:59:14.071Z; git: 27208684755d94a92186989f695db2d7b21ebc51; jvm 1.8.0_212-b04
May 22, 2019 2:36:59 AM org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.StandardDescriptorProcessor visitServlet
INFO: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
May 22, 2019 2:36:59 AM org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.DefaultSessionIdManager doStart
INFO: DefaultSessionIdManager workerName=node0
May 22, 2019 2:36:59 AM org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.DefaultSessionIdManager doStart
INFO: No SessionScavenger set, using defaults
May 22, 2019 2:36:59 AM org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.HouseKeeper startScavenging
INFO: node0 Scavenging every 660000ms
Jenkins home directory: /var/jenkins_home found at: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
May 22, 2019 2:37:00 AM org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler doStart
INFO: Started w.@7689ddef{Jenkins v2.164.3,/,file:///var/jenkins_home/war/,AVAILABLE}{/var/jenkins_home/war}
May 22, 2019 2:37:00 AM org.eclipse.jetty.server.AbstractConnector doStart
INFO: Started ServerConnector@1df98368{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
May 22, 2019 2:37:00 AM org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server doStart
INFO: Started @3346ms
May 22, 2019 2:37:00 AM winstone.Logger logInternal
INFO: Winstone Servlet Engine v4.0 running: controlPort=disabled
May 22, 2019 2:37:01 AM jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1 onAttained
INFO: Started initialization
May 22, 2019 2:37:03 AM jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1 onAttained
INFO: Listed all plugins
May 22, 2019 2:37:10 AM jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1 onAttained
INFO: Prepared all plugins
May 22, 2019 2:37:10 AM jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1 onAttained
INFO: Started all plugins
May 22, 2019 2:37:12 AM jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1 onAttained
INFO: Augmented all extensions
May 22, 2019 2:37:12 AM jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1 onAttained
INFO: Loaded all jobs
May 22, 2019 2:37:12 AM hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork$1 run
INFO: Started Download metadata
May 22, 2019 2:37:12 AM hudson.util.Retrier start
INFO: Attempt #1 to do the action check updates server
May 22, 2019 2:37:13 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@47fafdbc: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Wed May 22 02:37:13 GMT 2019]; root of context hierarchy
May 22, 2019 2:37:13 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext obtainFreshBeanFactory
INFO: Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@47fafdbc]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@4bc62933
May 22, 2019 2:37:13 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@4bc62933: defining beans [authenticationManager]; root of factory hierarchy
May 22, 2019 2:37:13 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@4c2b95b7: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Wed May 22 02:37:13 GMT 2019]; root of context hierarchy
May 22, 2019 2:37:13 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext obtainFreshBeanFactory
INFO: Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@4c2b95b7]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@630931a0
May 22, 2019 2:37:13 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@630931a0: defining beans [filter,legacy]; root of factory hierarchy
May 22, 2019 2:37:13 AM jenkins.install.SetupWizard init
INFO: 

*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************

Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:

afc3cd17d54d40379d9c880d21af457d

This may also be found at: /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword

*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************

May 22, 2019 2:37:24 AM hudson.model.UpdateSite updateData
INFO: Obtained the latest update center data file for UpdateSource default
May 22, 2019 2:37:25 AM hudson.model.DownloadService$Downloadable load
INFO: Obtained the updated data file for hudson.tasks.Maven.MavenInstaller
May 22, 2019 2:37:25 AM hudson.util.Retrier start
INFO: Performed the action check updates server successfully at the attempt #1
May 22, 2019 2:37:25 AM hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork$1 run
INFO: Finished Download metadata. 12,955 ms
May 22, 2019 2:37:26 AM hudson.model.UpdateSite updateData
INFO: Obtained the latest update center data file for UpdateSource default
May 22, 2019 2:37:26 AM jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1 onAttained
INFO: Completed initialization
May 22, 2019 2:37:26 AM hudson.WebAppMain$3 run
INFO: Jenkins is fully up and running

将密码粘贴后，点击确定，到一下一个页面：

在下个页面中可以选择插件，并安装：

开始安装：

安装完成后输入必要的配置信息，界面如下：

到此，安装完成。

界面如下：