切换到目录/usr/local/nginx/sbin,/usr/local为nginx的默认安装目录
#启动 ./nginx #查看命令帮助 ./nginx -h 验证配置文件状态 ./nginx -t #编辑配置文件 vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# 重新载入配置文件
./nginx -s reload
# 重启 Nginx
./nginx -s reopen
# 停止 Nginx
./nginx -s stop(quit)
下面是nginx配置文件的详解参考:
https://www.cnblogs.com/liang-wei/p/5849771.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/xuey/p/7631690.html
https://blog.csdn.net/jackliu16/article/details/79444327
#user nobody; #nginx进程数,建议设置为等于CPU总核心数 worker_processes 1;
#全局错误日志定义类型,[ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ] #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info;
#进程文件 #pid logs/nginx.pid; #工作模式与连接数上限 events { #参考事件模型,use [ kqueue | rtsig | epoll | /dev/poll | select | poll ]; epoll模型是Linux 2.6以上版本内核中的高性能网络I/O模型,如果跑在FreeBSD上面,就用kqueue模型。
#use epoll; #单个进程最大连接数(最大连接数=连接数*进程数) worker_connections 1024; } #设定http服务器 http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; #==客户端链接超时时间 keepalive_timeout 65;
#开启gzip压缩功能 #gzip on; #当配置多个server节点时,默认server names的缓存区大小就不够了,需要手动设置大一点 server_names_hash_bucket_size 512; #server表示虚拟主机可以理解为一个站点,可以配置多个server节点搭建多个站点 #每一个请求进来确定使用哪个server由server_name确定 server { #监听端口 listen 8800; #域名可以有多个,用空格隔开 server_name localhost; #编码格式,避免url参数乱码 charset utf-8; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; #location用来匹配同一域名下多个URI的访问规则 #比如动态资源如何跳转,静态资源如何跳转等 #location后面跟着的/代表匹配规则 location / { #站点根目录,可以是相对路径,也可以使绝对路径 root html; #默认主页 index index.html index.htm; #转发后端站点地址,一般用于做软负载,轮询后端服务器 #proxy_pass http://10.11.12.237:8080; #拒绝请求,返回403,一般用于某些目录禁止访问 #deny all; #允许请求 #allow all; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*'; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true'; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS'; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,X-CustomHeader,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type'; #重新定义或者添加发往后端服务器的请求头 #给请求头中添加客户请求主机名 proxy_set_header Host $host; #给请求头中添加客户端IP proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; #将$remote_addr变量值添加在客户端“X-Forwarded-For”请求头的后面,并以逗号分隔。 如果客户端请求未携带“X-Forwarded-For”请求头,$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for变量值将与$remote_addr变量相同 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #给请求头中添加客户端的Cookie proxy_set_header Cookie $http_cookie; #将使用代理服务器的主域名和端口号来替换。如果端口是80,可以不加。 proxy_redirect off; #浏览器对 Cookie 有很多限制,如果 Cookie 的 Domain 部分与当前页面的 Domain 不匹配就无法写入。 #所以如果请求 A 域名,服务器 proxy_pass 到 B 域名,然后 B 服务器输出 Domian=B 的 Cookie, #前端的页面依然停留在 A 域名上,于是浏览器就无法将 Cookie 写入。 #不仅是域名,浏览器对 Path 也有限制。我们经常会 proxy_pass 到目标服务器的某个 Path 下, #不把这个 Path 暴露给浏览器。这时候如果目标服务器的 Cookie 写死了 Path 也会出现 Cookie 无法写入的问题。 #设置“Set-Cookie”响应头中的domain属性的替换文本,其值可以为一个字符串、正则表达式的模式或一个引用的变量 #转发后端服务器如果需要Cookie则需要将cookie domain也进行转换,否则前端域名与后端域名不一致cookie就会无法存取 #配置规则:proxy_cookie_domain serverDomain(后端服务器域) nginxDomain(nginx服务器域) proxy_cookie_domain localhost .testcaigou800.com; #取消当前配置级别的所有proxy_cookie_domain指令 #proxy_cookie_domain off; #与后端服务器建立连接的超时时间。一般不可能大于75秒; proxy_connect_timeout 30; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } #当需要对同一端口监听多个域名时,使用如下配置,端口相同域名不同,server_name也可以使用正则进行配置 #但要注意server过多需要手动扩大server_names_hash_bucket_size缓存区大小 server { listen 80; server_name www.abc.com; charset utf-8; location / { proxy_pass http://localhost:10001; } } server { listen 80; server_name aaa.abc.com; charset utf-8; location / { proxy_pass http://localhost:20002; } } }
我们项目只用了方向代理的功能,使用实例:
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; client_max_body_size 2000m; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 600; fastcgi_connect_timeout 600; fastcgi_send_timeout 600; fastcgi_read_timeout 600; proxy_connect_timeout 600; proxy_send_timeout 600; proxy_read_timeout 600; #gzip on; server { listen 7000; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ .php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ .php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # }; #} upstream tomcate_server{ server 10.xx.xx.248:6800; } server { listen 8000; server_name localhost; location /api/sr_firewall { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8005; } location /user_manager { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8010; } location /sr_network/v2 { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8004; } location /sr_sys { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8010; } location /sr_dev_manager { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8010; } location /sr_public { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8010; } location /sr_fire { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8010; } location /sr_device_automation { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8010; } location /sr_script { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8010; } location /sr_network { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8010; } location /sr_f5_manage { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8007; } location /api/sr_f5_manager { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8007; } location /sr_ip { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:18012; } location /sr_data_collection { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8011; } location /api/v1/sunrun/data_collection { proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://10.xx.xx.248:8011; } location / { proxy_pass http://tomcate_server; } location /.(html|js|css|png|gif|scss)$ { root E:auto-apache-tomcat-8.5.28webappssr_centre; } } # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
proxy_redirect的作用和配置方法:
https://bluedest.iteye.com/blog/740302