SpringBoot2核心技术与响应式编程- SpringBoot注解与自动装配原理

https://www.yuque.com/atguigu/springboot/qb7hy2

@Bean

配置类里面使用@Bean标注在方法上给容器注册组件，默认也是单实例的

@Import 

给容器中自动创建出指定类型的组件

任何容器中的组件,直接通过@Import引入TestA类

@Import({User.class, DBHelper.class})
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) //告诉SpringBoot这是一个配置类 == 配置文件
public class MyConfig {

    /**
     * Full:外部无论对配置类中的这个组件注册方法调用多少次获取的都是之前注册容器中的单实例对象
     * @return
     */
    @Bean //给容器中添加组件。以方法名作为组件的id。返回类型就是组件类型。返回的值，就是组件在容器中的实例
    public User user01(){
        User zhangsan = new User("zhangsan", 18);
        //user组件依赖了Pet组件
        zhangsan.setPet(tomcatPet());
        return zhangsan;}

}

条件装配与配置绑定

@Conditional

条件装配：满足Conditional指定的条件，则进行组件注入

 

 

配置绑定

如何使用Java读取到properties文件中的内容，并且把它封装到JavaBean中，以供随时使用

@ConfigurationProperties 

1.@Component + @ConfigurationProperties

在JavaBean类上使用

@Component//只有容器中的组件才能使用springboot的强大功能

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mycar")

2.@EnableConfigurationProperties + @ConfigurationProperties

在配置类上使用@EnableConfiguationProperties.在JavaBean类上使用@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mycar")

自动装配原理

@SpringBootApplication

@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
        @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication{}

@SpringBootConfiguration：@Configuration。代表当前是一个配置类

@ComponentScan:指定扫描哪些路径 默认是启动类当前目录下及子目录

@EnableAutoConfiguration

@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {}

@AutoConfigurationPackage  自动配置包

@Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class)  //给容器中导入一个组件
public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage {}

//利用Registrar给容器中导入一系列组件
//将指定的一个包下的所有组件导入进来？MainApplication 所在包下。

@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)

1、利用getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata);给容器中批量导入一些组件
2、调用List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes)获取到所有需要导入到容器中的配置类
3、利用工厂加载 Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader)；得到所有的组件
4、从META-INF/spring.factories位置来加载一个文件。
	默认扫描我们当前系统里面所有META-INF/spring.factories位置的文件
    spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.3.4.RELEASE.jar包里面也有META-INF/spring.factories
    

　　

文件里面写死了spring-boot一启动就要给容器中加载的所有配置类
spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.3.4.RELEASE.jar/META-INF/spring.factories
# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.LifecycleAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ReactiveElasticsearchRestClientAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jdbc.JdbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.r2dbc.R2dbcDataAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.r2dbc.R2dbcRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.r2dbc.R2dbcTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRestClientAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.codec.CodecsAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.influx.InfluxDbAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jsonb.JsonbAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.availability.ApplicationAvailabilityAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoReactiveAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.quartz.QuartzAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.r2dbc.R2dbcAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketRequesterAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketServerAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.rsocket.RSocketStrategiesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveSecurityAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveUserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.rsocket.RSocketSecurityAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.saml2.Saml2RelyingPartyAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.servlet.OAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.servlet.OAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.resource.reactive.ReactiveOAuth2ResourceServerAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.task.TaskSchedulingAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client.RestTemplateAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.embedded.EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.ReactiveWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.WebFluxAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebFluxAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.ClientHttpConnectorAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.reactive.WebSocketReactiveAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketServletAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.client.WebServiceTemplateAutoConfiguration

　　

按需开启自动配置项

虽然我们127个场景的所有自动配置启动的时候默认全部加载。xxxxAutoConfiguration 按照条件装配规则（@Conditional），最终会按需配置。

 

 

修改默认配置

        @Bean
		@ConditionalOnBean(MultipartResolver.class)  //容器中有这个类型组件
		

@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = DispatcherServlet.MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME) //容器中没有这个名字 multipartResolver 的组件
		public MultipartResolver multipartResolver(MultipartResolver resolver) {
            //给@Bean标注的方法传入了对象参数，这个参数的值就会从容器中找。
            //SpringMVC multipartResolver。防止有些用户配置的文件上传解析器不符合规范
			// Detect if the user has created a MultipartResolver but named it incorrectly
			return resolver;
		}
给容器中加入了文件上传解析器；

　　

SpringBoot默认会在底层配好所有的组件。但是如果用户自己配置了以用户的优先

总结：

• SpringBoot先加载所有的自动配置类 xxxxxAutoConfiguration
• 每个自动配置类按照条件进行生效，默认都会绑定配置文件指定的值。xxxxProperties里面拿。xxxProperties和配置文件进行了绑定

• 生效的配置类就会给容器中装配很多组件
• 只要容器中有这些组件，相当于这些功能就有了

• 定制化配置

• 用户直接自己@Bean替换底层的组件
• 用户去看这个组件是获取的配置文件什么值就去修改。

xxxxxAutoConfiguration ---> 组件 ---> xxxxProperties里面拿值 ----> application.properties