假设现在有这样一种需求:存在两张表user和admin,分别记录普通用户和管理员的信息。并且现在要实现普通用户和管理员的分开登录,即需要两个Realm——UserRealm和AdminRealm,分别处理普通用户和管理员的验证功能。
但是正常情况下,当定义了两个Realm,无论是普通用户登录,还是管理员登录,都会由这两个Realm共同处理。这是因为,当配置了多个Realm时,我们通常使用的认证器是shiro自带的org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator,其中决定使用的Realm的是doAuthenticate()方法,源代码如下:
protected AuthenticationInfo doAuthenticate(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
assertRealmsConfigured();
Collection<Realm> realms = getRealms();
if (realms.size() == 1) {
return doSingleRealmAuthentication(realms.iterator().next(), authenticationToken);
} else {
return doMultiRealmAuthentication(realms, authenticationToken);
}
}
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这段代码的意思是:当只有一个Realm时,就使用这个Realm,当配置了多个Realm时,会使用所有配置的Realm。
现在,为了实现需求,我会创建一个org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator的子类,并重写doAuthenticate()方法,让特定的Realm完成特定的功能。如何区分呢?我会同时创建一个org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken的子类,在其中添加一个字段loginType,用来标识登录的类型,即是普通用户登录,还是管理员登录。具体步骤如下:
第一步:创建枚举类LoginType用以记录登录的类型:
//登录类型
//普通用户登录,管理员登录
public enum LoginType {
USER("User"), ADMIN("Admin");
private String type;
private LoginType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return this.type.toString();
}
}
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第二步:新建org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken的子类CustomizedToken:
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
public class CustomizedToken extends UsernamePasswordToken {
//登录类型,判断是普通用户登录,教师登录还是管理员登录
private String loginType;
public CustomizedToken(final String username, final String password,String loginType) {
super(username,password);
this.loginType = loginType;
}
public String getLoginType() {
return loginType;
}
public void setLoginType(String loginType) {
this.loginType = loginType;
}
}
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第三步:新建org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator的子类CustomizedModularRealmAuthenticator:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.Realm;
/**
* @author Alan_Xiang
* 自定义Authenticator
* 注意,当需要分别定义处理普通用户和管理员验证的Realm时,对应Realm的全类名应该包含字符串“User”,或者“Admin”。
* 并且,他们不能相互包含,例如,处理普通用户验证的Realm的全类名中不应该包含字符串"Admin"。
*/
public class CustomizedModularRealmAuthenticator extends ModularRealmAuthenticator {
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doAuthenticate(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken)
throws AuthenticationException {
// 判断getRealms()是否返回为空
assertRealmsConfigured();
// 强制转换回自定义的CustomizedToken
CustomizedToken customizedToken = (CustomizedToken) authenticationToken;
// 登录类型
String loginType = customizedToken.getLoginType();
// 所有Realm
Collection<Realm> realms = getRealms();
// 登录类型对应的所有Realm
Collection<Realm> typeRealms = new ArrayList<>();
for (Realm realm : realms) {
if (realm.getName().contains(loginType))
typeRealms.add(realm);
}
// 判断是单Realm还是多Realm
if (typeRealms.size() == 1)
return doSingleRealmAuthentication(typeRealms.iterator().next(), customizedToken);
else
return doMultiRealmAuthentication(typeRealms, customizedToken);
}
}
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第四步:创建分别处理普通用户登录和管理员登录的Realm:
UserRealm:
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
import com.ang.elearning.po.User;
import com.ang.elearning.service.IUserService;
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Resource
IUserService userService;
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
return null;
}
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
User user = null;
// 1. 把AuthenticationToken转换为CustomizedToken
CustomizedToken customizedToken = (CustomizedToken) token;
// 2. 从CustomizedToken中获取email
String email = customizedToken.getUsername();
// 3. 若用户不存在,抛出UnknownAccountException异常
user = userService.getUserByEmail(email);
if (user == null)
throw new UnknownAccountException("用户不存在!");
// 4.
// 根据用户的情况,来构建AuthenticationInfo对象并返回,通常使用的实现类为SimpleAuthenticationInfo
// 以下信息从数据库中获取
// (1)principal:认证的实体信息,可以是email,也可以是数据表对应的用户的实体类对象
Object principal = email;
// (2)credentials:密码
Object credentials = user.getPassword();
// (3)realmName:当前realm对象的name,调用父类的getName()方法即可
String realmName = getName();
// (4)盐值:取用户信息中唯一的字段来生成盐值,避免由于两个用户原始密码相同,加密后的密码也相同
ByteSource credentialsSalt = ByteSource.Util.bytes(email);
SimpleAuthenticationInfo info = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(principal, credentials, credentialsSalt,
realmName);
return info;
}
}
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AdminRealm:
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
import com.ang.elearning.po.Admin;
import com.ang.elearning.service.IAdminService;
public class AdminRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Resource
private IAdminService adminService;
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
Admin admin = null;
// 1. 把AuthenticationToken转换为CustomizedToken
CustomizedToken customizedToken = (CustomizedToken) token;
// 2. 从CustomizedToken中获取username
String username = customizedToken.getUsername();
// 3. 若用户不存在,抛出UnknownAccountException异常
admin = adminService.getAdminByUsername(username);
if (admin == null)
throw new UnknownAccountException("用户不存在!");
// 4.
// 根据用户的情况,来构建AuthenticationInfo对象并返回,通常使用的实现类为SimpleAuthenticationInfo
// 以下信息从数据库中获取
// (1)principal:认证的实体信息,可以是username,也可以是数据表对应的用户的实体类对象
Object principal = username;
// (2)credentials:密码
Object credentials = admin.getPassword();
// (3)realmName:当前realm对象的name,调用父类的getName()方法即可
String realmName = getName();
// (4)盐值:取用户信息中唯一的字段来生成盐值,避免由于两个用户原始密码相同,加密后的密码也相同
ByteSource credentialsSalt = ByteSource.Util.bytes(username);
SimpleAuthenticationInfo info = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(principal, credentials, credentialsSalt,
realmName);
return info;
}
}
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第五步:在spring配置文件中指定使用自定义的认证器:(其他配置略)
<!-- 配置SecurityManager -->
<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
<property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
<property name="authenticator" ref="authenticator"></property>
<!-- 可以配置多个Realm,其实会把realms属性赋值给ModularRealmAuthenticator的realms属性 -->
<property name="realms">
<list>
<ref bean="userRealm" />
<ref bean="adminRealm"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置使用自定义认证器,可以实现多Realm认证,并且可以指定特定Realm处理特定类型的验证 -->
<bean id="authenticator" class="com.ang.elearning.shiro.CustomizedModularRealmAuthenticator">
<!-- 配置认证策略,只要有一个Realm认证成功即可,并且返回所有认证成功信息 -->
<property name="authenticationStrategy">
<bean class="org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.AtLeastOneSuccessfulStrategy"></bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置Realm -->
<bean id="userRealm" class="com.ang.elearning.shiro.UserRealm">
<!-- 配置密码匹配器 -->
<property name="credentialsMatcher">
<bean class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher">
<!-- 加密算法为MD5 -->
<property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="MD5"></property>
<!-- 加密次数 -->
<property name="hashIterations" value="1024"></property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="adminRealm" class="com.ang.elearning.shiro.AdminRealm">
<!-- 配置密码匹配器 -->
<property name="credentialsMatcher">
<bean class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher">
<!-- 加密算法为MD5 -->
<property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="MD5"></property>
<!-- 加密次数 -->
<property name="hashIterations" value="1024"></property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
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第六步:配置控制器:
UserController:
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
private static final String USER_LOGIN_TYPE = LoginType.USER.toString();
@Resource
private IUserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(@RequestParam("email") String email, @RequestParam("password") String password) {
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
CustomizedToken customizedToken = new CustomizedToken(email, password, USER_LOGIN_TYPE);
customizedToken.setRememberMe(false);
try {
currentUser.login(customizedToken);
return "user/index";
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
System.out.println("邮箱/密码不匹配!");
} catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
System.out.println("账户已被冻结!");
} catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
System.out.println(ae.getMessage());
}
}
return "redirect:/login.jsp";
}
}
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AdminController:
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/admin")
public class AdminController {
private static final String ADMIN_LOGIN_TYPE = LoginType.ADMIN.toString();
@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username,@RequestParam("password") String password){
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
if(!currentUser.isAuthenticated()){
CustomizedToken customizedToken = new CustomizedToken(username, password, ADMIN_LOGIN_TYPE);
customizedToken.setRememberMe(false);
try {
currentUser.login(customizedToken);
return "admin/index";
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
System.out.println("用户名/密码不匹配!");
} catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
System.out.println("账户已被冻结!");
} catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
System.out.println(ae.getMessage());
}
}
return "redirect:/login.jsp";
}
}
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测试页面:login.jsp
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/user/login"
method="POST">
邮箱:<input type="text" name="email">
<br><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password">
<br><br>
<input type="submit" value="用户登录">
</form>
<br>
<br>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/admin/login"
method="POST">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username">
<br><br>
密 码:<input type="password" name="password">
<br><br>
<input type="submit" value="管理员登录">
</form>
</body>
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这就实现了UserRealm用以处理普通用户的登录验证,AdminRealm用以处理管理员的登录验证。
如果还需要添加其他类型,例如,需要添加一个教师登录模块,只需要再新建一个TeacherRealm,并且在枚举类loginType中添加教师的信息,再完成其他类似的配置即可。