Spring MVC（一）—— 最小环境搭建

为了熟悉搭建Spring MVC框架需要的最小资源，本文采用新建空白的动态web项目，具体步骤如下：

1、新建动态web项目

2、下载最基本的依赖jar包到WEB-INF/lib文件夹下

3、修改web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
    
    <display-name>crazypf</display-name>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
    <!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件所在目录。默认配置在WEB-INF目录下 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>
            contextConfigLocation
        </param-name>
        <param-value>
            classpath*:spring/applicationContext*.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>
    
    <!-- 设置过期时间 （分钟）-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

    <!-- springMvc servlet配置  -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:spring/springMvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>

        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
</web-app>

4、新建config配置文件夹，并创建applicationContext.xml与springMvc-servlet.xml配置文件

5、applicationContext.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
    
</beans>

6、springMvc-servlet.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 启用注解 -->
    <context:annotation-config />
    
    <!-- 注解驱动:自动扫描所有注解该路径 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ruijie.crazy" >          
    </context:component-scan>

     <mvc:annotation-driven/>
            
    <!-- To enable @RequestMapping process on type level and method level -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">        
    </bean>    
    
    
    <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping">  
        <property name="useDefaultSuffixPattern" value="false" />  
    </bean>
       
    <!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix：前缀， suffix：后缀 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
        p:prefix="/" p:suffix=".html" />        

    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"
        p:defaultEncoding="utf-8" />
</beans>

7、测试，新建MyFirstController，Controller中代码如下：

package com.ruijie.crazy.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/myweb")
public class MyFirstController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView getUserInfoByCode() {              
        System.out.println("/myweb/test");
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();  
        map.put("userName", "ypf");  
        return new ModelAndView("hello",map);
    }
}

8、运行web工程

后台创建一个hello.html页面，在浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1/crazypf/myweb/test.html，在eclipse控制台可以看到如下打印，说明Spring mvc框架已经跑起来了

 但是，此时控制台会发现浏览器会出现404，找不到页面，从控制台打印的log可以看出找不到资源，原因是请求hello.html页面时会再次被DispatchServlet拦截，在springMvc-servlet.xml加上如下配置即可解决问题：

<mvc:resources mapping="/page/**" location="/page/"/>