laravel速记（笔记）

命令行：

php artisan controller:make UserController

This will generate the controller at /app/controller/user.php and user.php.

 php artisan db:seed --class=AuthorTableSeeder

php artisan db:seed，可以执行多个填充类。该方法是执行的DatabaseSeeder这个类

获取已持久化的用户提交的信息：

Input::old('username')

Querying using raw SQL statements

$sql=" insert into shows(name,rating,actor) VALUES(?,?,?)";
        $data1 = array('Doctor Who', '9', 'Matt Smith');
        $data2 = array('Arrested Development', '10', 'Jason
        Bateman');
        $data3 = array('Joanie Loves Chachi', '3', 'Scott
        Baio');
        DB::insert($sql,$data1);
        DB::insert($sql,$data2);
        DB::insert($sql,$data3);


$sql = "DELETE FROM shows WHERE name = ?";
        DB::delete($sql, array('Doctor Who'));
        DB::delete($sql, array('Arrested Development'));
        DB::delete($sql, array('Joanie Loves Chachi'));

class Show {
public function allShows($order_by = FALSE,
$direction = 'ASC')
{
$sql = 'SELECT * FROM shows';
$sql .= $order_by ? ' ORDER BY ' . $order_by
. ' ' . $direction : '';
return DB::select($sql);
}
}

 Route::get("shows",function(){
     $shows=new Show();
     $shows_by_rating=$shows->allShows('rating','DESC');
     dd($shows_by_rating);
 });
 

dd:Dump the passed variables and end the script. 

    $data1 = array('name' => 'Doctor Who',
            'rating' => 9, 'actor' => 'Matt Smith');
            $data2 = array('name' => 'Arrested Development',
            'rating' => 10, 'actor' => 'Jason Bateman');
            $data3 = array('name' => 'Joanie Loves Chachi',
            'rating' => 3, 'actor' => 'Scott Baio');
        DB::table('shows')->insert(array($data1,$data2,$data3));

DB::table('shows')->where('name', 'Doctor Who')
        ->orWhere('name', 'Arrested Development')
        ->orWhere('name', 'Joanie Loves Chachi')
        ->delete();

获取model所有数据。

$shows=Show::all();
echo '<h1>All shows</h1>';
foreach($shows as $show)
{
echo $show->name,' - '.$show->rating . ' - '. $show->actor .'<br/>';

}

用户验证：

<?php
class User extends Eloquent {
protected $table = 'users';
private $rules = array(
'email' => 'required|email',
'username' => 'required|min:6'
);
public function validate($input) {
return Validator::make($input, $this->rules);
}
}

Make a route that loads the ORM and tries to save some data:
$user = new User();
$input = array();
$input['email'] = 'racerx@example.com';
$input['username'] = 'Short';
$valid = $user->validate($input);
if ($valid->passes()) {
echo 'Everything is Valid!';
// Save to the database
} else {
var_dump($valid->messages());
}

There are a few other ways to validate our data using models. One way is to use a package
that will handle most of the validation work for us. One great package to use is Ardent, which
can be found at https://github.com/laravelbook/ardent.

Using advanced Eloquent and relationships

Schema::create('show_user', function($table)
{
$table->increments('id');
$table->integer('user_id');
$table->integer('show_id');
$table->timestamps();
});

Create a User.php file in the app/model directory:
class User extends Eloquent {
public function shows()
{
return $this->belongsToMany ('Show');
}
}
5. Create a Show.php file in our app/model directory:
class Show extends Eloquent {
public function users()
{
return $this->belongsToMany ('User');
}
}
6. Make a route in routes.php to add a new user and attach two shows:

Route::get('add-show', function()
{
    $user=new User();
    $user->username = 'John Doe';
    $user->email = 'johndoe@example.com';
    $user->save();
    
    //attach two shows
    $user->shows()->attach(1);
    $user->shows()->attach(3);
    foreach($user->shows()->get() as $show)
    {
        var_dump($show->name);
        
    }
});

Make a route to get all the users attached to a show:
Route::get('view-show', function()
{
$show = Show::find(1)->users;
dd($show);
});

很奇怪attach（）方法是怎么插入数据到

 上面三张表分别是：（最好在模型设置$table="name";

users shows  show_user.

是根据名字来的。

把shows改成show不行。

都改成单数

user sho show_user可以。

把show_user改成user_show不行。

因为：

the show_user is derived from the alphabetical order of the related model names.

另外还有一点，user表中的creaetd_at,udpate_at是会存进去的。我们调用$user->save()程序会自动做的。

但是

$user->shows()->attach(1); 就不会了，需要我们自己传进去

$date=date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
$user->shows()->attach(1,array('created_at'=>$date,'updated_at'=>$date));

 调用belongsToMany返回http://laravel.com/api/class-Illuminate.Database.Eloquent.Relations.BelongsToMany.html

 BelongsToMany类，调用get方法可以get( array $columns = array('*') )

Execute the query as a "select" statement。

There's more...
Database relationships can get fairly complicated and this recipe merely scratches the surface
of what can be done. To learn more about how Laravel's Eloquent ORM uses relationships, view
the documentation at http://laravel.com/docs/eloquent#many-to-many.

该文档部分内容：

Many-to-many relations are a more complicated relationship type. An example of such a relationship is a user with many roles, where the roles are also shared by other users. For example, many users may have the role of "Admin". Three database tables are needed for this relationship: users,roles, and role_user. The role_user table is derived from the alphabetical order of the related model names, and should have user_id and role_id columns.

We can define a many-to-many relation using the belongsToMany method:

class User extends Eloquent {

    public function roles()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany('Role');
    }

}

Now, we can retrieve the roles through the User model:

$roles = User::find(1)->roles;

If you would like to use an unconventional table name for your pivot table, you may pass it as the second argument to the belongsToMany method:

return $this->belongsToMany('Role', 'user_roles');

You may also override the conventional associated keys:

return $this->belongsToMany('Role', 'user_roles', 'user_id', 'foo_id');

Of course, you may also define the inverse of the relationship on the Role model:

class Role extends Eloquent {

    public function users()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany('User');
    }

}

Creating a CRUD system
To interact with our database, we might need to create a CRUD (create, read, update, and
delete) system. That way, we add and alter our data without needing a separate database
client. This recipe will be using a RESTful controller for our CRUD system.

<?php
class  UsersController extends BaseController {
    public function getIndex()
    {
        $users=User::all();
        return View::make('users.index')->with('users',$users);
    }
    public function getCreate()
    {
        return View::make("users.create");
    }
    public function postCreate()
    {
        $user=new User();
        $user->username=Input::get("username");
        $user->email=Input::get("email");
        
        $user->save();
        return Redirect::to('users');
        
    }
    //编辑Edit get
    public function getRecord($id)
    {
        $user=User::find($id);
        return View::make('users.record')->with('user',$user);
    }
    //编辑Edit post
    public function putRecord()
    {
    $user = User::find(Input::get('user_id'));
    $user->username = Input::get('username');
    $user->email = Input::get('email');
    $user->save();
    return Redirect::to('users');
    }
    public function deleteRecord()
    {
    $user = User::find(Input::get('user_id'))
    ->delete();
    return Redirect::to('users');
    }
}

路由：Route::controller('users', 'UsersController');

仅仅看上面的或许不理解，看官网文档：

RESTful Controllers

Laravel allows you to easily define a single route to handle every action in a controller using simple, REST naming conventions. First, define the route using the Route::controller method:

Route::controller('users', 'UserController');

The controller method accepts two arguments. The first is the base URI the controller handles, while the second is the class name of the controller. Next, just add methods to your controller, prefixed with the HTTP verb they respond to:

class UserController extends BaseController {

    public function getIndex()
    {
        //
    }

    public function postProfile()
    {
        //
    }

    public function anyLogin()
    {
        //
    }

}

The index methods will respond to the root URI handled by the controller, which, in this case, isusers.

If your controller action contains multiple words, you may access the action using "dash" syntax in the URI. For example, the following controller action on our UserController would respond to the users/admin-profile URI:

public function getAdminProfile() {}

官网文档看完了，接着上面的。
几个视图如下：
index.php

<style>
table, th, td {
border:1px solid #444
}
</style>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>User ID</th>
<th>User Name</th>
<th>Email</th>
<th>Actions</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<?php foreach($users as $user): ?>
<tr>
<td><?php echo $user->id ?></td>
<td><?php echo $user->username ?></td>
<td><?php echo $user->email ?></td>
<td>
<a href="users/record/<?php echo $user->id ?>">Edit</a>

<form action="users/record" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE">
   <input type="hidden" name="user_id"  value="<?php echo $user->id ?>">
<input type="submit" value="Delete">
</form>

</td>
</tr>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</tbody>
</table>
<a href="users/create">Add New User</a>

注意画红线的:

<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE">.
如果去掉这个点击delete会找不到，原因大概是因为http现在不支持delete和put方法，laravel采用了一个隐藏的_method 来实现这个。
create.php

<form action="create" method="post">
Username:<br>
<input name="username"><br>
Email<br>
<input name="email"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>

record.php

<form action="" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
<input type="hidden" name="user_id" value="<?php echo $user->id ?>">
  Username:<br>
<input name="username" value="<?php echo $user->username ?>"><br>
Email<br>
<input name="email" value="<?php echo $user->email ?>"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>

------------------------
一个小技巧

Using attributes to change table column name

Sometimes we may be working with a database that was created using less-than-logical
column names. In those cases, we can use Laravel's Eloquent ORM to allows us to interact
with the table using more standardized names, without having to make database changes.

比如user表有个column name是MyUsernameGoesHere，

这个非常不好，可以在模型里面定义一个方法：

public function getUsernameAttribute($value) {
return $this->attributes['MyUsernameGoesHere'];
}

然后就可以用$odd->username 了。

Building a RESTful API with routes

A common need for a modern web application is having an API that third-parties can run
queries against. Since Laravel is built with RESTful patterns as a focus, it's quite easy to build
a full API with very little work.

参考<laravel devolpment cookbook>

We could also use Laravel's resourceful controllers to accomplish something similar. More
information about those can be found in the documentation at http://laravel.com/
docs/controllers#resource-controllers.

传递数据给view

Route::get('home', function()
{
$page_title = 'My Home Page Title';
return View::make('myviews.home')->with('title',
$page_title);
});

Route::get('second', function()
{
$view = View::make('myviews.second');
$view->my_name = 'John Doe';
$view->my_city = 'Austin';
return $view;
});

There's more...
One other way to add data to our views is similar to the way in our second route; however we
use an array instead of an object. So our code would look similar to the following:
$view = View::make('myviews.second');
$view['my_name'] = 'John Doe';
$view['my_city'] = 'Austin';
return $view;

Loading a view into another view/nested views

Route::get('home', function()
{
return View::make('myviews.home')
->nest('header', 'common.header')
->nest('footer', 'common.footer');
});

home.php:

<?= $header ?>
<h1>Welcome to the Home page!</h1>
<p>
<a href="second">Go to Second Page</a>
</p>
<?= $footer ?>

adding assets增加资产

Adding assets
A dynamic website almost requires the use of CSS and JavaScript. Using a Laravel asset
package provides an easy way to manage these assets and include them in our views.

http://www.tuicool.com/articles/N3YRFf

http://eric.swiftzer.net/2013/06/laravel-4/

http://www.tuicool.com/articles/6viiem

http://laravelbook.com/laravel-user-authentication/

http://www.tuicool.com/articles/qaAn2a

laravel restful:

http://www.tuicool.com/articles/7baI3a