在默认的情况下,如果没有提供登陆的表单,Spring Security将会创建一个默认的登陆页面,请参考本页面:Spring Security 实现的一个Hello World例子。
在本次教程中,我们将会向你展示怎么创建一个自定义登陆的表单并用Spring Security做登陆验证。
需要说明的是:前面提到的Spring Security 实现的一个Hello World例子将会被再次使用,并用它支持表单验证。
本教程的开发环境为:
1.Spring 3.0.5.RELEASE
2.Spring Security 3.0.5.RELEASE
3.JSTL 1.2
1.工程目录:
本教程的最终项目结构如下所示:
2.Spring Security
在你的Spring.xml进行如下配置:
1.login-page=”/login” – 登陆页面访问 “/login”
2.default-target-url=”/welcome” –如果认证成功则跳转到“/welcome”
3.authentication-failure-url=”/loginfailed” –如果认证失败则跳转到“/loginfailed”
4.logout-success-url=”/logout” – 我注销登陆则跳转到 “/logout”
spring-security.xml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans < http auto-config = "true" > < intercept-url pattern = "/welcome*" access = "ROLE_USER" /> < form-login login-page = "/login" default-target-url = "/welcome" authentication-failure-url = "/loginfailed" /> < logout logout-success-url = "/logout" /> </ http > < authentication-manager > < authentication-provider > < user-service > < user name = "mkyong" password = "123456" authorities = "ROLE_USER" /> </ user-service > </ authentication-provider > </ authentication-manager > </ beans:beans > |
3.Spring Security控制器
Spring Security控制器用来处理请求到来时经过处理后跳转到相应的页面去。
LoginController.java
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 | package com.mkyong.common.controller; import java.security.Principal; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; @Controller public class LoginController { @RequestMapping (value= "/welcome" , method = RequestMethod.GET) public String printWelcome(ModelMap model, Principal principal ) { String name = principal.getName(); model.addAttribute( "username" , name); model.addAttribute( "message" , "Spring Security Custom Form example" ); return "hello" ; } @RequestMapping (value= "/login" , method = RequestMethod.GET) public String login(ModelMap model) { return "login" ; } @RequestMapping (value= "/loginfailed" , method = RequestMethod.GET) public String loginerror(ModelMap model) { model.addAttribute( "error" , "true" ); return "login" ; } @RequestMapping (value= "/logout" , method = RequestMethod.GET) public String logout(ModelMap model) { return "login" ; } } |
4.错误信息
spring默认的错误信息不是很友善,我们可以在properties里面配置错误信息。
mymessages.properties
1 | AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.badCredentials=Invalid username or password |
5.JSP页面
在用户登陆页面,你需要设置如下Spring Security名称:
1.j_spring_security_check –登陆层
2.j_spring_security_logout –注销层
3.j_username – 用户名
4.j_password – 密码
为了展示认证的错误信息,用下面方式表达:
1 | ${sessionScope[ "SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION" ].message} |
login.jsp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 | <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> < html > < head > < title >Login Page</ title > < style > .errorblock { color: #ff0000; background-color: #ffEEEE; border: 3px solid #ff0000; padding: 8px; margin: 16px; } </ style > </ head > < body onload = 'document.f.j_username.focus();' > < h3 >Login with Username and Password (Custom Page)</ h3 > < c:if test = "${not empty error}" > < div class = "errorblock" > Your login attempt was not successful, try again.< br /> Caused : ${sessionScope["SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION"].message} </ div > </ c:if > < form name = 'f' action="<c:url value = 'j_spring_security_check' />" method='POST'> < table > < tr > < td >User:</ td > < td >< input type = 'text' name = 'j_username' value = '' > </ td > </ tr > < tr > < td >Password:</ td > < td >< input type = 'password' name = 'j_password' /> </ td > </ tr > < tr > < td colspan = '2' >< input name = "submit" type = "submit" value = "submit" /> </ td > </ tr > < tr > < td colspan = '2' >< input name = "reset" type = "reset" /> </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ form > </ body > </ html > |
hello.jsp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> < html > < body > < h3 >Message : ${message}</ h3 > < h3 >Username : ${username}</ h3 > < a href = "<c:url value=" /j_spring_security_logout" />" > Logout</ a > </ body > </ html > |
6.例子
1.当访问“http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/welcome”链接时,Spring Secutiry将会跳转到登陆页面:
http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/login
2.如果用户名和密码输入错误则认证失败,页面将会展示错误信息:
3.如果用户名和密码输入正确则认证成功,则会展示请求页面:
http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/welcome
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