1 infancy 婴儿期，初期 maturity成熟，到期，壮年期n
eg. Human experience a delayed maturity.We arrive at all stages of life later than other mammels.人类发育较缓——在生命的各个阶段，我们都晚于其他哺乳动物。
2 vice 不道德行为，缺点，恶习n eg. Ingratitude is a despicable vice.忘恩负义是可鄙的不道德行为
eg. In spite of his vices,he was loved by all.尽管他有缺点, 还是受到大家的爱戴
代替，副的 eg. Mr.Black has been appointed leader vice Mr.Brown.布莱克先生取代布朗先生被任命为队长。
3 despicable卑鄙的 wick灯芯，激怒n
eg. From beginning to end,his conduct had been despicable and wicked.从头到尾他的行为既卑鄙又可恶.
eg. The professor was beginning to get on(开始做) Molly’s wick.教授快要把莫莉惹毛了。
4 get on 和睦相处，开始(继续)做，取得进展（成功）eg. The host fears the guests won’t get on.主人担心客人们会相处得不愉快
eg. Jane got on with her work.简继续干她的工作。
eg. When he came back to see me, I asked how he had got on.他回来看我的时候，我问他进展如何
5 get away with逃脱惩罚，侥幸成功v eg. This is one of the few jobs you can do and get away with being completely drunk.这是你能干的为数不多的几份工作之一，喝得烂醉如泥也没人管。
6 sophisticated精密的，复杂的；时髦的，见过世面的；老练的
7 cave in 坍塌，屈服，让步n eg. I had a serious breakdown,everything just seemed to cave in on top of me.我曾经有过一次精神崩溃，好像天塌了一样
eg. He’s caved in on capital punishment.在是否应保留死刑的问题上，他已经让步了。
8 habitual习惯的，典型的 eg. If bad posture becomes habitual, you risk long-term effects.不良姿势一旦定型，日后可就有你受的了。
9 rebel 叛逆者，造反者n eg.fighting between rebels and government forces.叛军和政府军之间的战争
叛逆，反对v eg. The child who rebels is unlikely to be overlooked.叛逆的孩子不太容易被忽视。
10 defy 违抗v eg. This was the first time that I dared to defy my mother.这是我第一次(也是最后一次)胆敢反抗我的母亲
挑战，激v eg. I defy you to come up with one major accomplishment of the current Prime Minister.我敢说你讲不出现任首相的哪怕一项重大成就。
难以描述（理解） eg. When the flowers open in spring,they fill the night air with a fragrance that defies description.春天鲜花开放时，夜里的空气中会弥漫一种难以名状的香气
11 charismatic有魅力的，有感召力的 eg. Her striking looks and charismatic personality.她出众的相貌和迷人的气质
12 idealism理想主义 preventable可预防的 eg. Most common health upsets that spoil a holiday are easily preventable.导致假期泡汤的大多数常见的身体不适都是很容易预防的。
13 defiant 藐视的，不服的，挑战的 eg.The players are in defiant mood as they prepare for tommorrow’s game.球员在备战明天的比赛时带着蔑视对手的情绪。
14 restlessness 焦躁不安的，不满的 eg. By 1962,she was restless and needed a new impetus for talent.到了1982年，她感到厌倦了，需要新的动力来激发她的才能。
15 divert into转入...领域eg. He diverted himself into a new field of study.他转入新的研究领域。
16 experiment with以..做实验 eg.Is he any good at gardening?We might experiment with him.他擅长园艺吗?我们可以试试他
17 childish幼稚的 Don’t be so childish.别这么不懂事。
18 start out 起初是，开始做 eg. What started out as fun quickly became hard work.起初好玩的事很快就变成了艰苦的工作。
19 intellectually 智力上的 eg. He preferred the company of those who were intellectually inferior to him.他喜欢与那些智力水平不如他的人共处。
20 futile 无用的 eg. It would be futile to sustain his life when there is no chance of any improvement.如果没有任何好转的机会，继续维持他的生命也是无益的。
21 moral code道德准则 vend 出售，贩卖v eg. How come the vending machine doesn't work?这个自动售货机怎么坏了?
22 salesclerk店员 bartender酒吧男招待n
23 hypocrite伪君子n eg. The magazine wrongly suggested he was a liar and a hypocrite.该杂志诬枉地暗示他撒谎，是伪君子。
24 denounce 谴责，告发v eg.German leaders denounced the attacks and pleaded for tolerance.德国领导人谴责袭击活动，恳请各方克制。
25 shirk 逃避，偷懒v eg. We in the Congress can't shirk our responsibility.我们作为国会议员不能逃避责任。
26 ostensibly 表面上地adv eg.He did it ostensibly for love, but really for money.他这样做表面上是为了爱情, 实际上却是为了金钱.
27 adultery 婚外情，通奸n eg.She is going to divorce him on the grounds of adultery.她以丈夫搞婚外情为由要求离婚。
28 plead 恳求v plea是名词形式n eg. He was kneeling on the floor pleading for mercy.他跪在地板上请求宽恕。
支持v eg. He would plead the cause of Russian unity.他会公开支持俄罗斯的统一。
辩护v eg.Mr Giles pleads ignorance as his excuse.贾尔斯先生把不知情当作自己的借口。