hive运行模式
- hive on mapreduce 离线计算(默认)
- hive on tez YARN之上支持DAG作业的计算框架
- hive on spark 内存计算
hive on tez
Tez是一个构建于YARN之上的支持复杂的DAG任务的数据处理框架。它由Hontonworks开源,它把mapreduce的过程拆分成若干个子过程,同时可以把多个mapreduce任务组合成一个较大的DAG任务,减少了mapreduce之间的文件存储,同时合理组合其子过程从而大幅提升MapReduce作业的性能。
安装tez
tez的安装有源码安装和二进制包安装,这里使用二进制包安装。
hadoop版本:2.9.1
hive版本:2.1.1
tez版本:0.9.0
前提:hadoop环境已经搭建好,包括yarn(tez需要运行在yarn上)、hive
下载
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tez/0.9.0/apache-tez-0.9.0-bin.tar.gz
安装
# tar zxvf apache-tez-0.9.0-bin.tar.gz
# mv apache-tez-0.9.0-bin/ tez-0.9.0
# hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /tez-0.9.0
# cd /tez-0.9.0/
# hdfs dfs -put share/tez.tar.gz /tez-0.9.0
配置tez
# cd /data1/hadoop/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
# cat tez-site.xml
<property>
<name>tez.lib.uris</name>
<value>hdfs://MY-HADOOP/tez-0.9.0/tez.tar.gz</value> #指定在hdfs上的tez包文件
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.dag.recovery.enabled</name> #重启DAG,默认true
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.dag.recovery.io.buffer.size</name> #恢复DAG时,使用的缓存大小,默认8192
<value>4096</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.dag.recovery.flush.interval.secs</name> #刷新间隔时间,默认30s。
<value>60</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.dag.recovery.max.unflushed.events</name> #刷新到磁盘前最大缓存的事件数量,默认100
<value>100</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.task.heartbeat.timeout.check-ms</name> #心跳间隔时间,默认30s
<value>10000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.task.timeout-ms</name> #任务超时时间,默认300s
<value>300000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.acls.enabled</name> #ACL权限控制,默认true
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.client.am.thread-count</name> #处理客户端请求的线程数量,默认2
<value>50</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.containerlauncher.thread-count-limit</name> #启动容器上线,默认500
<value>500</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.dag.scheduler.class</name>
<value>org.apache.tez.dag.app.dag.impl.DAGSchedulerNaturalOrder</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.deletion.tracker.class</name>
<value>org.apache.tez.dag.app.launcher.DeletionTrackerImpl</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.launch.cmd-opts</name>
<value>-XX:+PrintGCDetails -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseNUMA -XX:+UseParallelGC</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.resource.cpu.vcores</name> #app master 使用的虚拟CPU数量,默认1
<value>2</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.resource.memory.mb</name> #app master使用的内存,默认1024
<value>2048</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.am-rm.heartbeat.interval-ms.max</name> #AM与RM心跳间隔时间,默认是3s
<value>3000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.shuffle.auxiliary-service.id</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.task.listener.thread-count</name> # 用于侦听任务心跳请求的线程数,默认30
<value>60</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.am.tez-ui.webservice.enable</name> #用于开启Tez UI的
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.client.timeout-ms</name>
<value>30000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.task.resource.cpu.vcores</name> #任务使用的CPU数量。默认1
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.task.resource.memory.mb</name> #任务使用的内存,默认1024
<value>2048</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>tez.container.max.java.heap.fraction</name> #容器在jvm中占用的比例,默认0.8,如果内存不足,建议调小该值。
<value>0.2</value>
</property>
</configuration>
参考:/tez-0.9.0/conf/tez-default-template.xml
环境变量配置(~/.bashrc)
添加如下配置 export TEZ_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_CONF_DIR export TEZ_JARS=/tez-0.9.0/*:/tez-0.9.0/lib/* export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$TEZ_CONF_DIR:$TEZ_JARS:$HADOOP_CLASSPATH 执行"source ~/.bashrc"让环境变量生效。
hadoop版本兼容问题
[root@hadoop01 ~]# cd /tez-0.9.0/lib [root@hadoop01 lib]# rm -rf hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.7.0.jar hadoop-mapreduce-client-common-2.7.0.jar [root@hadoop01 lib]# cp /data1/hadoop/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.9.1.jar /tez-0.9.0/lib/ [root@hadoop01 lib]# cp /data1/hadoop/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-common-2.9.1.jar /tez-0.9.0/lib/
启动hive
#hive
hive> SET hive.execution.engine=tez; 设置执行引擎为tez,默认是MapReduce
或者修改hive的配置文件hive-site.xml,添加如下配置:
<property>
<name>hive.user.install.directory</name>
<value>/user/</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.execution.engine</name> #配置成默认使用tez
<value>tez</value>
</property>
测试数据
创建表
hive> create table user_info(user_id bigint, firstname string, lastname string, count string);
插入数据
hive> insert into user_info values(1,'dennis','hu','CN'),(2,'Json','Lv','Jpn'),(3,'Mike','Lu','USA');
Query ID = root_20190618043047_bfc41253-60f9-469d-b6a9-c26c93a92e82
Total jobs = 1
Launching Job 1 out of 1
Tez session was closed. Reopening...
Session re-established.
Status: Running (Executing on YARN cluster with App id application_1560826244680_0015)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERTICES MODE STATUS TOTAL COMPLETED RUNNING PENDING FAILED KILLED
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Map 1 .......... container SUCCEEDED 1 1 0 0 0 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERTICES: 01/01 [==========================>>] 100% ELAPSED TIME: 4.55 s
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Loading data to table default.user_info
OK
Time taken: 9.488 seconds
查询
> select count(1) from user_info;
Query ID = root_20190618043342_5f83efb4-39bf-4d67-bac4-d67205086ae7
Total jobs = 1
Launching Job 1 out of 1
Status: Running (Executing on YARN cluster with App id application_1560826244680_0015)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERTICES MODE STATUS TOTAL COMPLETED RUNNING PENDING FAILED KILLED
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Map 1 .......... container SUCCEEDED 1 1 0 0 0 0
Reducer 2 ...... container SUCCEEDED 1 1 0 0 0 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERTICES: 02/02 [==========================>>] 100% ELAPSED TIME: 4.46 s
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OK
9
Time taken: 4.979 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> select count(1) from user_info;
Query ID = root_20190618043349_ecee5657-7c95-43ab-80e9-101dd36d6fc7
Total jobs = 1
Launching Job 1 out of 1
Status: Running (Executing on YARN cluster with App id application_1560826244680_0015)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERTICES MODE STATUS TOTAL COMPLETED RUNNING PENDING FAILED KILLED
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Map 1 .......... container SUCCEEDED 1 1 0 0 0 0
Reducer 2 ...... container SUCCEEDED 1 1 0 0 0 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERTICES: 02/02 [==========================>>] 100% ELAPSED TIME: 0.72 s
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OK
9
Time taken: 1.156 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
yarn web界面查看
由此可看出,引擎类型变成TEZ。
配置tez-ui
修改tez-site.xml文件
添加如下:
<property> <name>tez.history.logging.service.class</name> <value>org.apache.tez.dag.history.logging.ats.ATSHistoryLoggingService</value> </property> <property> <description>URL for where the Tez UI is hosted</description> <name>tez.tez-ui.history-url.base</name> <value>http://master:9999/tez-ui/</value> #启动tez-ui的地址 </property>
<property>
<name>tez.allow.disabled.timeline-domains</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property> <name>tez.runtime.convert.user-payload.to.history-text</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>tez.task.generate.counters.per.io</name> <value>true</value> </property>
修改yarn-site.xml文件
添加如下:
<property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.enabled</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.hostname</name> <value>master</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.http-cross-origin.enabled</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.generic-application-history.enabled</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.system-metrics-publisher.enabled</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.address</name> <value>${yarn.timeline-service.hostname}:10200</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.webapp.address</name> <value>${yarn.timeline-service.hostname}:8188</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.webapp.https.address</name> <value>${yarn.timeline-service.hostname}:8190</value> </property> <property> <description>Handler thread count to serve the client RPC requests.</description> <name>yarn.timeline-service.handler-thread-count</name> <value>10</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.generic-application-history.enabled</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.timeline-service.generic-application-history.store-class</name> <value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.applicationhistoryservice.FileSystemApplicationHistoryStore</value> </property>
拷贝文件
拷贝tez-site.xml和yarn-site.xml文件到其他机器
安装tomcat
下载地址:https://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi
1、把Tomcat目录下的webapps里的文件删除,再把把上面的tez-0.9.0 下的tez-ui2-0.9.0.war 复制到webapps目录里
#mkdir /data1/apache-tomcat-8.5.42/webapps/tez-ui
# cd /data1/apache-tomcat-8.5.42/webapps/tez-ui
#cp /tez-0.9.0/tez-ui-0.9.0.war /data1/apache-tomcat-8.5.42/webapps/tez-ui/tez-ui.war
#unzip tez-ui.war #解压
#修改当前目录下config/configs.env文件
把localhost改成主机名或者ip,同时把前面的//去掉
2、修改Tomcat的配置文件:service.xml 修改8080端口为9999,也是跟上面的配置一样;
3、由于上面修改过了配置,所以要重新启动HDFS集群和Hive程序;而且还要启动一个叫:timelineserver服务;
./stop-all.sh #停止HDFS集群 ./start-dfs.sh ./start-yarn.sh ./mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver ./yarn-daemon.sh start timelineserver #必须要先启动HDFS集群后才可以启动起来
root@master:/data1/apache-tomcat-8.5.42/webapps# jps
101719 Bootstrap #tomcat服务进程
2551 HMaster
99878 DFSZKFailoverController
102662 JobHistoryServer
94729 RunJar
103561 Jps
94392 RunJar
99275 NameNode
99610 JournalNode
588 QuorumPeerMain
102271 ResourceManager
102798 ApplicationHistoryServer #这个就是timelineserver服务
启动hive
nohup hive --service metastore &
nohup hive --service hiveserver2 &
启动完成以后,访问主机的8088端口和8188端口,如果8088端口访问界面同8088端口要用,就ok,如下:
访问8088端口:
访问8188端口:
接着去访问主机的9999端口,如下:
浏览器输入:192.168.4.46:9999/tez-ui
尴尬的不是,报错了,界面一直处于loading,网页下面提示的信息如下:
分析上面日志里面的url:主机名或者ip为什么是localhost,,我在本地浏览器访问服务器,如果这里是localhost,那肯定不对啊。
我的解决方案:
修改tez-ui的端口,在tez-site.xml文件里面,把下面配置修改成8081端口
<property> <description>URL for where the Tez UI is hosted</description> <name>tez.tez-ui.history-url.base</name> <value>http://master:8081/tez-ui/</value> #启动tez-ui的地址,原先是9999端口 </property>
同时,把tomcat下面的service.xml配置文件的端口改成8081,如下:
接着重新启动yarn和tomcat。
存在的问题:不清楚为什么端口会导致上诉的问题。
借鉴:https://blog.csdn.net/duguyiren3476/article/details/46349177
借鉴:https://blog.csdn.net/gobitan/article/details/85109644