常用的Thread类在run方法执行完之后是没有返回值的,要实现子线程完成任务后返回值给主线程需要借助第三方转存。Callable接口则提供了一种有返回值的多线程实现方法。下面以一个简单的地主、监工和长工的例子展示这种接口的用法。
长工类:
长工类实现了Callable接口,线程运行完成后返回一个Integer值。
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
public class Changgong implements Callable<Integer>{
private int hours=12;
private int amount;
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
while(hours>0){
System.out.println("I'm working......");
amount ++;
hours--;
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
return amount;
}
}
public class Changgong implements Callable<Integer>{
private int hours=12;
private int amount;
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
while(hours>0){
System.out.println("I'm working......");
amount ++;
hours--;
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
return amount;
}
}
地主:主进程
监工:FutureTask
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
public class Dizhu {
public static void main(String args[]){
Changgong worker = new Changgong();
FutureTask<Integer> jiangong = new FutureTask<Integer>(worker);
new Thread(jiangong).start();
while(!jiangong.isDone()){
try {
System.out.println("看长工做完了没...");
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
int amount;
try {
amount = jiangong.get();
System.out.println("工作做完了,上交了"+amount);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
public class Dizhu {
public static void main(String args[]){
Changgong worker = new Changgong();
FutureTask<Integer> jiangong = new FutureTask<Integer>(worker);
new Thread(jiangong).start();
while(!jiangong.isDone()){
try {
System.out.println("看长工做完了没...");
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
int amount;
try {
amount = jiangong.get();
System.out.println("工作做完了,上交了"+amount);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
运行结果:
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
工作做完了,上交了12
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
I'm working......
看工人做完了没...
工作做完了,上交了12
从上面的例子可以看出,FutureTask 扮演了一个监工的角色,地主(主进程)通过不断地询问监工(isDone()方法)可以得知长工的工作是否完成,并且在长工完成工作后让监工收取成果(get()方法)。