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1、鉴于国内java开发者比較多。java web方面的技术比較成熟。所以用python django(openstack)框架和java的strurs做个类比，让大家可以更直观的理解、更快的进入到开发中：
附图大致对照下，详细细节，自行查找相关资料：
2、接下来正式開始解说。怎样在openstack中使用自己定义插件，本文以Jquery zTree树形插件为例。
第一步封装url地址。请求数据，在urls中自己定义url：
为了方便兴许大家复制代码，也顺带附上源码
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urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^$', views.IndexView.as_view(), name='index'),
url(r'^(?
P<tenant_id>[^/]+)/update/$',views.UpdateIsolationView.as_view(), name='update'), url(r'^(?P<tenant_id>[^/]+)/tree/$',views.TreeView.as_view(), name='tree'),
url(r'^(?P<tenant_id>[^/]+)/get_tree_data/$',views.JSONGetView.as_view(), name='get_tree_data'),
url(r'^(?P<tenant_id>[^/]+)/set_tree$',views.JSONSetView.as_view(), name='set_tree'),
)
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3、依据url规则匹配到相应的views的JSONGetView类：
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from django.views import generic
from django.http import HttpResponse # noqa
import json
class JSONGetView(generic.View):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): #定义get方法
tenant_id = self.kwargs["tenant_id"] #从url中截取參数值tenant_id
aggregates = []
try:
aggregates = api.nova.aggregate_details_list(self.request)
api.nova.isolatation_tree_list(self.request, tenant_id)
except Exception:
exceptions.handle(request,
_('Unable to retrieve host aggregates list.'))
aggregates.sort(key=lambda aggregate: aggregate.name.lower())
#调用底层api 构造 zTree的数据
tree_list = []
for ag in aggregates:
tree_data = {}
tree_data['id'] = ag.availability_zone
tree_data['name'] = ag.availability_zone
tree_data['pId'] = 'NULL'
tree_data['open'] = 'true'
if tree_data not in tree_list:
tree_list.append(tree_data)
tree_data = {}
tree_data['id'] = ag.name
tree_data['name'] = ag.name
tree_data['pId'] = ag.availability_zone
tree_data['open'] = 'true'
if tree_data not in tree_list:
tree_list.append(tree_data)
for hostname in ag.hosts:
tree_data = {}
tree_data['id'] = hostname
tree_data['name'] = hostname
tree_data['pId'] = ag.name
tree_data['open'] = 'true'
if tree_data not in tree_list:
tree_list.append(tree_data)
result = json.dumps(tree_list) #此处将python对象转换成json对象
print (result)
return HttpResponse(result,content_type="application/json")
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4、到此获取数据的url完毕，測试下url（浏览器直接訪问）：
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得到数据：
[{
"open": "true",
"pId": "NULL",
"id": "zone1",
"name": "zone1"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "zone1",
"id": "ag1",
"name": "ag1"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "ag1",
"id": "node32",
"name": "node32"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "ag1",
"id": "node31",
"name": "node31"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "zone1",
"id": "ag2",
"name": "ag2"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "ag2",
"id": "node33",
"name": "node33"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "NULL",
"id": "zone2",
"name": "zone2"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "zone2",
"id": "ag3",
"name": "ag3"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "ag3",
"id": "node35",
"name": "node35"
},
{
"open": "true",
"pId": "ag3",
"id": "node34",
"name": "node34"
}]
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url能正确获取数据。測试通过。
5、用ajax在html页面中请求该url获取数据：
先附上页面模板代码：
当中javascript要写在标签{% block modal-body %}中才干失效。详细的zTree的js导入本文使用了为压缩的方式。直接导入。
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{# add by ttx 2014-9-25#}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}dashboard/js/zTree/css/demo.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}dashboard/js/zTree/css/zTreeStyle/zTreeStyle.css" type="text/css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="{{ STATIC_URL }}dashboard/js/zTree/js/jquery.ztree.core-3.5.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="{{ STATIC_URL }}dashboard/js/zTree/js/jquery.ztree.excheck-3.5.js"></script>
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zTree插件路径：
具体解释ajax请求：
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var url = '/dashboard/admin/isolations/{{ tenant_id }}/get_tree_data'; #此处为ajax的url地址，与步骤4中浏览器訪问一致
$.ajax({ #当中$代表Jquery插件，ajax为Jquery插件的方法
type: "get", #type主要有get、post。当中get用于获取数据。是幂等操作、post用于跟新数据
async: false, #false代码同步刷新，true代表异步刷新。本演示样例须要等到数据返回再进行tree的渲染，因此须要同步
url: url, #请求的url地址
dataType: "json", #数据返回类型为json
success: function (data) { #ajax请求成功之后得到数据data。运行success：后面function里面代码
json = JSON.stringify(data);
host_tree_data = JSON.parse(json)
}
});
很多其它ajax具体使用解说请自行參考相关资料。
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兴许就是具体的zTree依据得到的数据host_tree_data 。生成zone、aggregate、host的节点树。附上简单代码。不具体解释：
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{% extends "horizon/common/_modal_form.html" %}
{% load i18n %}
{% load url from future %}
{% block form_id %}create_image_form{% endblock %}
{% block form_action %}{% url 'horizon:admin:images:create' %}{% endblock %}
{% block form_attrs %}enctype="multipart/form-data"{% endblock %}
{% block modal-header %}{% trans "Isolatation tree" %}{% endblock %}
{% block modal-body %}
<SCRIPT type="text/javascript">
<!--
var setting = {
view: {
selectedMulti: false
},
check: {
enable: true
},
data: {
simpleData: {
enable: true
}
},
callback: {
beforeCheck: beforeCheck,
onCheck: onCheck
}
};
var code, log, className = "dark";
function beforeCheck(treeId, treeNode) {
className = (className === "dark" ?
"":"dark"); showLog("[ "+getTime()+" beforeCheck ] " + treeNode.name );
return (treeNode.doCheck !== false);
}
function onCheck(e, treeId, treeNode) {
showLog("[ "+getTime()+" onCheck ] " + treeNode.name );
getAllChangeNodes()
}
function getAllChangeNodes() {
var treeObj = $.fn.zTree.getZTreeObj("treeDemo");
var nodes = treeObj.getChangeCheckedNodes();
$('#mytest').html(JSON.stringify(nodes));
var url = '/dashboard/admin/isolations/{{ tenant_id }}/set_tree';
var data={};
data["jsonTree"] = JSON.stringify(nodes);
jQuery.ajax({
type:"POST",
url : url,
data:data,
dataType : "json",
beforeSend: function(xhr, settings){
var csrftoken = $.cookie('csrftoken');
xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", csrftoken);
},
success : function(data) {
}
});
}
function showLog(str) {
if (!log) log = $("#log");
log.append("<li class='"+className+"'>"+str+"</li>");
if(log.children("li").length > 6) {
log.get(0).removeChild(log.children("li")[0]);
}
}
function getTime() {
var now= new Date(),
h=now.getHours(),
m=now.getMinutes(),
s=now.getSeconds(),
ms=now.getMilliseconds();
return (h+":"+m+":"+s+ " " +ms);
}
function checkNode(e) {
var zTree = $.fn.zTree.getZTreeObj("treeDemo"),
type = e.data.type,
nodes = zTree.getSelectedNodes();
if (type.indexOf("All")<0 && nodes.length == 0) {
alert("请先选择一个节点");
}
if (type == "checkAllTrue") {
zTree.checkAllNodes(true);
} else if (type == "checkAllFalse") {
zTree.checkAllNodes(false);
} else {
var callbackFlag = $("#callbackTrigger").attr("checked");
for (var i=0, l=nodes.length; i<l; i++) {
if (type == "checkTrue") {
zTree.checkNode(nodes[i], true, false, callbackFlag);
} else if (type == "checkFalse") {
zTree.checkNode(nodes[i], false, false, callbackFlag);
} else if (type == "toggle") {
zTree.checkNode(nodes[i], null, false, callbackFlag);
}else if (type == "checkTruePS") {
zTree.checkNode(nodes[i], true, true, callbackFlag);
} else if (type == "checkFalsePS") {
zTree.checkNode(nodes[i], false, true, callbackFlag);
} else if (type == "togglePS") {
zTree.checkNode(nodes[i], null, true, callbackFlag);
}
}
}
}
function setAutoTrigger(e) {
var zTree = $.fn.zTree.getZTreeObj("treeDemo");
zTree.setting.check.autoCheckTrigger = $("#autoCallbackTrigger").attr("checked");
$("#autoCheckTriggerValue").html(zTree.setting.check.autoCheckTrigger ? "true" : "false");
}
$(document).ready(function(){
var url = '/dashboard/admin/isolations/{{ tenant_id }}/get_tree_data';
$.ajax({
type: "get",
async: false,
url: url,
dataType: "json",
success: function (data) {
json = JSON.stringify(data);
host_tree_data = JSON.parse(json)
}
});
var zNodes =[
{ id:1, pId:0, name:"1", open:true},
{ id:11, pId:1, name:"1-1"},
{ id:12, pId:1, name:"1-2"},
{ id:111, pId:11, name:"1-1-1","checked":"true"},
{ id:112, pId:11, name:"1-1-2"},
];
$.fn.zTree.init($("#treeDemo"), setting, host_tree_data);
$("#checkTrue").bind("click", {type:"checkTrue"}, checkNode);
$("#checkFalse").bind("click", {type:"checkFalse"}, checkNode);
$("#toggle").bind("click", {type:"toggle"}, checkNode);
$("#checkTruePS").bind("click", {type:"checkTruePS"}, checkNode);
$("#checkFalsePS").bind("click", {type:"checkFalsePS"}, checkNode);
$("#togglePS").bind("click", {type:"togglePS"}, checkNode);
$("#checkAllTrue").bind("click", {type:"checkAllTrue"}, checkNode);
$("#checkAllFalse").bind("click", {type:"checkAllFalse"}, checkNode);
$("#autoCallbackTrigger").bind("change", {}, setAutoTrigger);
});
//-->
</SCRIPT>
<h1>用 zTree 方法 勾选 checkbox</h1>
<h6>[ 文件路径: excheck/checkbox_fun.html ]</h6>
<div class="content_wrap">
<div class="zTreeDemoBackground left">
<ul id="treeDemo" class="ztree"></ul>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<ul class="info">
<div id="mytest">11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111</div>
<li class="title"><h2>1、beforeCheck / onCheck 事件回调函数控制</h2>
<ul class="list">
<li>利用 beforeCheck / onCheck 事件回调函数 能够控制是否同意 更改 节点勾选状态，这里简单演示怎样监控此事件</li>
<li><p>这里还演示了 checkNode / checkAllNodes 方法触发 beforeCheck / onCheck 事件回调函数的情况。试试看：<br/>
<input type="checkbox" id="autoCallbackTrigger" /> setting.check.autoCheckTrigger: <span id="autoCheckTriggerValue">false</span><br/>
<input type="checkbox" id="callbackTrigger" checked /> 运行勾选方法是否触发 callback <br/>
单节点--[ <a id="checkTrue" href="#" title="不想勾选我就不勾选你..." onclick="return false;">勾选</a> ]
[ <a id="checkFalse" href="#" title="不想取消勾选我就不取消你..." onclick="return false;">取消勾选</a> ]
[ <a id="toggle" href="#" title="你想如何？..." onclick="return false;">勾选 切换</a> ]<br/>
单节点 ( 影响父子 )--[ <a id="checkTruePS" href="#" title="不想勾选我就不勾选你..." onclick="return false;">勾选</a> ]
[ <a id="checkFalsePS" href="#" title="不想取消勾选我就不取消你..." onclick="return false;">取消勾选</a> ]
[ <a id="togglePS" href="#" title="你想如何？..." onclick="return false;">勾选 切换</a> ]<br/>
所有节点--[ <a id="checkAllTrue" href="#" title="无论你有多NB，统统都要听我的！
！ " onclick="return false;">勾选</a> ] [ <a id="checkAllFalse" href="#" title="无论你有多NB，统统都要听我的！
！ " onclick="return false;">取消勾选</a> ]</p> </li>
<li><p><span class="highlight_red">使用 zTreeObj.checkNode / checkAllNodes 方法，具体请參见 API 文档中的相关内容</span><br/>
beforeCheck / onCheck log:<br/>
<ul id="log" class="log" style="height:130px;"></ul></p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="title"><h2>2、setting 配置信息说明</h2>
<ul class="list">
<li>同 "checkbox 勾选操作" 中的说明</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="title"><h2>3、treeNode 节点数据说明</h2>
<ul class="list">
<li>同 "checkbox 勾选操作" 中的说明</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
{% endblock %}
{% block modal-footer %}
<input class="btn btn-primary pull-right" type="submit" value="{% trans "Save" %}" />
<a href="{% url 'horizon:admin:images:index' %}" class="btn secondary cancel close">{% trans "Cancel" %}</a>
{% endblock %}
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跟多zTree使用，请自行參考zTree官网：www.ztree.me/
页面终于展示：
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到此通过ajax获取数据到页面展示解说完成。
6、讲完ajax从后台获取数据到前台接下来解说，怎样通过ajax，把页面的数据传递给后台处理：
附上代码：
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function getAllChangeNodes() {
var treeObj = $.fn.zTree.getZTreeObj("treeDemo");
var nodes = treeObj.getChangeCheckedNodes();
$('#mytest').html(JSON.stringify(nodes)); #JSON.stringify(nodes)将js对象nodes，转化为json对象
var url = '/dashboard/admin/isolations/{{ tenant_id }}/set_tree';
var data={}; #url中传递的数据，相当于$url?
jsonTree=JSON.stringify(nodes) data["jsonTree"] = JSON.stringify(nodes);
jQuery.ajax({
type:"POST", #ajax类型。post进来进行更新
url : url,
data:data,
dataType : "json",
beforeSend: function(xhr, settings){ #此处的beforeSend用来解决ajax在django中报csrftoken错误
var csrftoken = $.cookie('csrftoken');
xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", csrftoken);
},
success : function(data) { #ajax请求成功之后运行
}
});
}
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依据上述url = '/dashboard/admin/isolations/{{ tenant_id }}/set_tree';到urls.py中找相应匹配的url：
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urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^$', views.IndexView.as_view(), name='index'),
url(r'^(?P<tenant_id>[^/]+)/update/$',views.UpdateIsolationView.as_view(), name='update'),
url(r'^(?
P<tenant_id>[^/]+)/tree/$',views.TreeView.as_view(), name='tree'), url(r'^(?P<tenant_id>[^/]+)/get_tree_data/$',views.JSONGetView.as_view(), name='get_tree_data'),
url(r'^(?P<tenant_id>[^/]+)/set_tree$',views.JSONSetView.as_view(), name='set_tree'),
)
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依据url匹配规则，跟进到JSONSetView：
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class JSONSetView(generic.View):
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): #由于ajax的请求类型为post因此实现post函数，否则会报错
tenant_id = self.kwargs["tenant_id"] #从URL中获取tenant_id
json_tree = request.POST.get("jsonTree") #从ajax发过来的请求中获取jsonTree
json数据
tree_change_nodes = json.loads(json_tree) #将页面传递的json数据，转换为python对象。详细转换规则自行參考
#此处依据前端传送的数据，调用api传递给后端处理
api.nova.isolatation_add_tree(request, tenant_id, tree_change_nodes)
return HttpResponse(tree_change_nodes,content_type="application/json")
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解说完成！