学习目的：
1.了解主流的Docker仓库。
2.掌握Harbor私有仓库的搭建与使用。
3.掌握Harbor私有仓库的主从同步。
harbor的组成：
proxy：Nginx前端代理，主要是分发前端页面UI访问和镜像上传和下载流量。
registry：镜像仓库，负责存储镜像文件。
核心服务：提供Web UI、数据库、Token认证、webhook等功能。
日志服务：为了帮助监控Harbor运行，负责收集其他组件的log，供日后进行分析。
database：用来存储核心服务的一些数据。
这几个容器通过Docker link的形式连接在一起，这样，在容器之间可以通过容器名字互相访问。对终端用户而言，只需要暴露proxy（即Nginx）的服务端口。
分析：
Harbor是VMware公司开源的一个企业级Docker Registry项目，Harbor作为一个企业级私有Registry服务器，提供了更好的性能和安全，提升了用户使用Registry构建和运行环境传输镜像的效率。
Harbor是一个用于存储和分发Docker镜像的企业级Registry服务器。有了Docker自带的Registry为什么还要用Harbor？主要有以下几点原因。
① Harbor可以根据角色灵活地进行权限控制，如访客只需给pull权限即可。
② Harbor可以实现镜像同步。生产环境中对系统稳定性要求高，多个仓库可保证其高可用性。更常用的场景是，在企业级软件环境中，会在软件开发的不同阶段存在不同的镜像仓库。
③ Harbor可利用图形界面进行镜像的管理。
④ Harbor提供分层传输机制，优化网络传输。Docker镜像是是分层的，而如果每次传输都使用全量文件（所以用FTP的方式并不适合），显然不经济。必须提供识别分层传输的机制，以层的UUID为标识，确定传输的对象。
基础准备：
三台虚拟机，分别为 master，client。其中master作为Harbor仓库节点，salve做为备份节点，clinet作为Docker客户端
所有节点都已安装好docker-ce 。
实施：
1.配置镜像加速器
（1）配置加速器
[root@master ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
在daemon.json配置文件中添加加速器地址,可以添加多个，每个地址用逗号隔开。
[root@master ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"]
}
（2）重启docker
重启Docker后加速器生效
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart docker
2.部署harbor
（1）生成CA证书
Openssl是目前最流行的SSL密码库工具，提供了一个通用，功能完备的工具套件，用以支持SSL/TLS协议的实现。
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart docker [root@master ~]# mkdir -p /data/ssl [root@master ~]# cd /data/ssl/ [root@master ssl]# openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout ca.key -x509 -days 2.235 -out ca.crt Generating a 4096 bit RSA private key ..........................................................................................................++ .......................++ writing new private key to 'ca.key' ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:#国家 State or Province Name (full name) []:#城市 Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:#城市 Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:#公司名称 Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:#公司名称 Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:#域名 Email Address []:#邮件地址 [root@master ssl]#
生成证书签名请求。
[root@master ssl]# openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout www.yidaoyun.com.key -out www.yidaoyun.com.csr Generating a 4096 bit RSA private key ...................................................................................++ .............................++ writing new private key to 'www.yidaoyun.com.key' ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:#国家 State or Province Name (full name) []:#城市 Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:#城市 Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:#公司 Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:#公司 Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:#域名 Email Address []:#域名 Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []:
生成注册表主机的证书。
[root@master ssl]# openssl x509 -req -days 2.235 -in www.yun.com.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out www.yun.com.crt Signature ok subject=/C=CN/ST=Chongqing/L=chongqing/O=yun/OU=yun/CN=www.yun.com Getting CA Private Key [root@master ssl]# ls /data/ssl/ ca.crt ca.srl www.yun.com.csr ca.key www.yun.com.crt www.yun.com.key
(2)分发证书
[root@master ssl]# cp -rvf ./www.yun.com.crt /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ "./www.yun.com.crt" -> "/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/www.yun.com.crt"
[root@master ssl]# update-ca-trust enable
[root@master ssl]# update-ca-trust extract
（3）安装docker-compose
[root@master ~]# yum install -y docker-compose
Harbor下载地址：
https://storage.googleapis.com/harbor-releases/release-1.7.0/harbor-offline-installer-v1.7.5.tgz
解压文件
我用的是harbor-offline-installer-v1.5.3.tgz
[root@master ~]# tar -xzvf harbor-offline-installer-v1.5.3.tgz
[root@master ~]# cd harbor
编辑配置文件
[root@master harbor]# vi harbor.cfg
修改以下内容
hostname = 192.168.200.10 #修改harbor的启动IP，这里需要依据系统IP设置 ui_url_protocol = https #启用加密传输协议https ssl_cert = /data/ssl/www.yun.com.crt #证书的位置 ssl_cert_key = /data/ssl/www.yun.com.key #证书密钥位置 harbor_admin_password = 000000 #修改harbor的admin用户的密码
安装harbor
[root@master harbor]# ./prepare Generated and saved secret to file: /data/secretkey Generated configuration file: ./common/config/nginx/nginx.conf Generated configuration file: ./common/config/adminserver/env Generated configuration file: ./common/config/ui/env Generated configuration file: ./common/config/registry/config.yml Generated configuration file: ./common/config/db/env Generated configuration file: ./common/config/jobservice/env Generated configuration file: ./common/config/jobservice/config.yml Generated configuration file: ./common/config/log/logrotate.conf Generated configuration file: ./common/config/jobservice/config.yml Generated configuration file: ./common/config/ui/app.conf Generated certificate, key file: ./common/config/ui/private_key.pem, cert file: ./common/config/registry/root.crt The configuration files are ready, please use docker-compose to start the service.
[root@master harbor]# ./install.sh --with-notary --with-clair
Creating harbor-log ... done
Creating harbor-db ... done
Creating notary-db ... done
Creating clair-db ... done
Creating redis ... done
Creating registry ... done
Creating harbor-adminserver ... done
Creating clair ... done
Creating harbor-ui ... done
Creating notary-signer ... done
Creating notary-server ... done
Creating harbor-jobservice ... done
Creating nginx ... done
✔ ----Harbor has been installed and started successfully.----
（7）访问harbor
在浏览器中，输入https://192.168.200.10即可访问Harbor
鼠标单击空白位置，输入this is unsafe （没有空格）
（8）登录harbor
以admin用户，密码为000000登录系统，
选择“配置管理”菜单命令，项目创建选择“仅管理员”，取消勾选“允许自注册”，复选框，然后单击“保存”按钮，
3.镜像管理与安全
（1）配置docker
配置本地daemon.json文件。
{ "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"], "insecure-registries": ["192.168.200.10"] #注意更改IP }
重启docker生效
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart docker
（2）重新启动harbor私有镜像仓库
让harbor修改过的配置立刻生效。
[root@master harbor]# ./prepare
清理所有harbor容器进程。
[root@master harbor]# docker-compose down Stopping nginx ... done Stopping harbor-jobservice ... done Stopping harbor-ui ... done Stopping harbor-adminserver ... done Stopping registry ... done Stopping redis ... done Stopping harbor-log ... done
后台启动所有harbor容器进程。
[root@master harbor]# docker-compose up -d
（3）上传镜像
[root@master harbor]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
Digest: sha256:5528e8b1b1719d34604c87e11dcd1c0a20bedf46e83b5632cdeac91b8c04efc1
Status: Image is up to date for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest
[root@master ~]# docker tag centos:latest 192.168.200.10/library/centos:latest
登陆验证harbor仓库。
[root@master harbor]# docker login https://192.168.200.10
Username: admin
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
上传镜像到harbor仓库
[root@master harbor]# docker push 192.168.200.10/library/centos:latest
The push refers to repository [192.168.200.10/library/centos]
2653d992f4ef: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:dbbacecc49b088458781c16f3775f2a2ec7521079034a7ba499c8b0bb7f86875 size: 529
重新启用漏洞扫描
[root@master harbor]# ./install.sh --with-notary --with-clair
（4）查看上传结果
在网页界面，
选择“项目”→“镜像仓库”菜单命令，查看镜像上传结果。
4.Docker客户端
（1）为docker客户端下发域名证书
在harbor本地执行操作，将Harbor上自签发的域名证书www.yun.com.crt复制到Docker客户端对应的目录下。
[root@master harbor]# cd /data/ssl/ [root@master ssl]# scp -r www.yidaoyun.com.crt 192.168.200.10:/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
在Docker客户端上执行操作，让证书立刻生效。下发证书后必须重启client节点的Docker服务。
[root@client ~]# update-ca-trust enable [root@client ~]# update-ca-trust extract [root@client ~]# systemctl restart docker
（2）配置仓库
[root@client ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json { "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"], "insecure-registries": ["192.168.200.10"] } [root@client ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@client ~]# systemctl restart docker [root@client ~]# docker pull nginx Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/nginx Digest: sha256:47ae43cdfc7064d28800bc42e79a429540c7c80168e8c8952778c0d5af1c09db Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest docker.io/library/nginx:latest
（3）登陆仓库
[root@client ~]# cd /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ [root@client anchors]# docker login https://192.168.200.10 Username: admin Password: WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json. Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store Login Succeeded
（4）上传镜像
修改镜像的名字并上传harbor私有仓库
[root@client anchors]# docker tag nginx:latest 192.168.200.10/library/nginx:latest [root@client anchors]# docker push 192.168.200.10/library/nginx:latest The push refers to repository [192.168.200.10/library/nginx] c6d74dcb7fe7: Pushed b50a193ebf2e: Pushed 165eb6c3c0d3: Pushed cf388fcf3527: Pushed 2418679ca01f: Pushed 764055ebc9a7: Pushed latest: digest: sha256:2f1cd90e00fe2c991e18272bb35d6a8258eeb27785d121aa4cc1ae4235167cfd size: 1570
登录harbor界面进行查看。选择”项目“——>"镜像仓库"——”镜像“ 菜单命令，勾选镜像（latest）。