Giving gdb permission to control other processes
If you try to use your freshly built gdb, you will get an error message such as:
Starting program: /x/y/foo
Unable to find Mach task port for process-id 28885: (os/kern) failure (0x5).
(please check gdb is codesigned - see taskgated(8))
This is because the Darwin kernel will refuse to allow gdb to debug another process if you don't have special rights, since debugging a process means having full control over that process, and that isn't allowed by default since it would be exploitable by malware. (The kernel won't refuse if you are root, but of course you don't want to be root to debug.)
The most up to date method to allow gdb to control another process is to sign it with any system-trusted code signing authority. This is an easy process once you have a certificate (see the section below). If the certificate is known as gdb-cert, just use:
此处一定注意，在创建完成证书之后，需要重启电脑。然后使用下面的命令才会有效。
$ codesign -s gdb-cert gdb
Old notes: In Tiger, the kernel would accept processes whose primary effective group is procmod or procview. That means that making gdb setgid procmod should work. Later versions of Darwin should accept this convention provided that taskgated (the daemon that control the access) is invoked with option '-p'. This daemon is configured by /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.taskgated.plist. I was able to use this rule provided that I am also a member of the procmod group.
Creating a certificate
Start Keychain Access application (/Applications/Utilities/Keychain Access.app)
Open menu /Keychain Access/Certificate Assistant/Create a Certificate...
Choose a name (gdb-cert in the example), set Identity Type to Self Signed Root, set Certificate Type to Code Signing and select theLet me override defaults. Click several times on Continue until you get to the Specify a Location For The Certificate screen, then setKeychain to System.
If you can't store the certificate in the System keychain, create it in the login keychain, then exported it. You can then imported it into theSystem keychain.
Finally, using the contextual menu for the certificate, select Get Info, open the Trust item, and set Code Signing to Always Trust.
You must quit Keychain Access application in order to use the certificate (so before using gdb).