GlusterFS 分布式文件系统的使用入门-管理GlusterFS卷
作者：尹正杰
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一.卷的扩容
您可以根据需要在群集联机且可用时扩展卷。例如，您可能希望向分布式卷添加块，从而增加分发并增加GlusterFS卷的容量。
1>.添加扩展卷
[root@node101 ~]# df -h | grep gluster node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/test-volume 23G 312M 22G 2% /mnt/gluster1 node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/replicated-volume 12G 156M 11G 2% /mnt/gluster2 node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/raid0-volume 23G 312M 22G 2% /mnt/gluster3 node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/distributed-replication-volume 12G 156M 11G 2% /mnt/gluster4 node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/my-distributed-replication-volume 12G 156M 11G 2% /mnt/gluster10 [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# mkdir /home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8 #我们这里创建一个目录，用来模拟设备的挂载点 [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# gluster volume add-brick test-volume node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8 #我们将块存储挂载到分布式卷中 volume add-brick: success [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# gluster volume info test-volume Volume Name: test-volume Type: Distribute Volume ID: d73f1306-1984-4fea-8fe2-a37771b471d5 Status: Started Snapshot Count: 0 Number of Bricks: 3 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file1 Brick2: node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file1 Brick3: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8 #这块磁盘就是咱们刚刚加上去的，注意生产环境操作基本上也是这样，只不过不是我们随手创建一个目录，而是把存储社保挂载到咱们指定到挂载点上而已！ Options Reconfigured: transport.address-family: inet nfs.disable: on [root@node101 ~]#
2>.重新均衡扩展卷
往卷中添加一块设备后，需要咱们手动均衡一下，否则数据不会往新设备上存储哟，具体操作如下：
[root@node101 ~]# gluster volume rebalance test-volume start #重新均衡的适合需要等待一定的时间！ volume rebalance: test-volume: success: Rebalance on test-volume has been started successfully. Use rebalance status command to check status of the rebalance process. ID: 7bd59481-af36-4fcc-9b04-9d421e4d6c0f [root@node101 ~]#
3>.往卷中添加数据
[root@node101 ~]# ls /home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8/ [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# touch /mnt/gluster1/{1..100}.txt [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# ls /mnt/gluster1/ 100.txt 13.txt 17.txt 20.txt 24.txt 28.txt 31.txt 35.txt 39.txt 42.txt 46.txt 4.txt 53.txt 57.txt 60.txt 64.txt 68.txt 71.txt 75.txt 79.txt 82.txt 86.txt 8.txt 93.txt 97.txt blog.txt 10.txt 14.txt 18.txt 21.txt 25.txt 29.txt 32.txt 36.txt 3.txt 43.txt 47.txt 50.txt 54.txt 58.txt 61.txt 65.txt 69.txt 72.txt 76.txt 7.txt 83.txt 87.txt 90.txt 94.txt 98.txt 11.txt 15.txt 19.txt 22.txt 26.txt 2.txt 33.txt 37.txt 40.txt 44.txt 48.txt 51.txt 55.txt 59.txt 62.txt 66.txt 6.txt 73.txt 77.txt 80.txt 84.txt 88.txt 91.txt 95.txt 99.txt 12.txt 16.txt 1.txt 23.txt 27.txt 30.txt 34.txt 38.txt 41.txt 45.txt 49.txt 52.txt 56.txt 5.txt 63.txt 67.txt 70.txt 74.txt 78.txt 81.txt 85.txt 89.txt 92.txt 96.txt 9.txt [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# ls /home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8/ 100.txt 24.txt 2.txt 30.txt 36.txt 38.txt 44.txt 54.txt 5.txt 60.txt 64.txt 65.txt 69.txt 74.txt 7.txt 84.txt 87.txt 95.txt 98.txt [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# ls /home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file1/ 10.txt 12.txt 15.txt 18.txt 20.txt 22.txt 3.txt 47.txt 57.txt 67.txt 70.txt 72.txt 77.txt 92.txt 11.txt 14.txt 16.txt 1.txt 21.txt 25.txt 43.txt 55.txt 61.txt 6.txt 71.txt 75.txt 88.txt blog.txt [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# ssh node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn Last login: Mon Feb 18 19:09:42 2019 from node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn [root@node102 ~]# [root@node102 ~]# ls /home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file1/ 13.txt 23.txt 28.txt 32.txt 35.txt 40.txt 45.txt 49.txt 51.txt 56.txt 62.txt 68.txt 78.txt 81.txt 85.txt 8.txt 93.txt 97.txt 17.txt 26.txt 29.txt 33.txt 37.txt 41.txt 46.txt 4.txt 52.txt 58.txt 63.txt 73.txt 79.txt 82.txt 86.txt 90.txt 94.txt 99.txt 19.txt 27.txt 31.txt 34.txt 39.txt 42.txt 48.txt 50.txt 53.txt 59.txt 66.txt 76.txt 80.txt 83.txt 89.txt 91.txt 96.txt 9.txt [root@node102 ~]#
二.卷的缩容
您可以根据需要在群集联机且可用时缩小卷。例如，您可能需要删除由于硬件或网络故障而在分布式卷中无法访问的块。
[root@node101 ~]# gluster volume info test-volume Volume Name: test-volume Type: Distribute Volume ID: d73f1306-1984-4fea-8fe2-a37771b471d5 Status: Started Snapshot Count: 0 Number of Bricks: 3 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file1 Brick2: node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file1 Brick3: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8 Options Reconfigured: performance.client-io-threads: on transport.address-family: inet nfs.disable: on [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# gluster volume remove-brick test-volume node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8 start Running remove-brick with cluster.force-migration enabled can result in data corruption. It is safer to disable this option so that files that receive writes during migration are not migrated. Files that are not migrated can then be manually copied after the remove-brick commit operation. Do you want to continue with your current cluster.force-migration settings? (y/n) y #这里会有一个提示，提示咱们可能存在数据丢失的风险，我输入y即可！由此可见官方并不推荐我们对GlusterFS进行缩容操作，对扩容操作倒是很支持呢！ volume remove-brick start: success ID: 8e121850-c23b-4be3-94c4-c854148e5077 [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 ~]# ls /home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8/ #很显然这个目录对数据已经不再了，当然里面对数据会被转移走，这就是为什么执行上面的那条命令会等很长一段时间的缘由！ [root@node101 ~]# [root@node101 gluster1]# gluster volume remove-brick test-volume node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8 status Node Rebalanced-files size scanned failures skipped status run time in h:m:s --------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ -------------- localhost 19 0Bytes 47 0 0 completed 0:00:00 #大家看着一行的status的值，如果为completed时，则说明可以执行下面的一条命令了，官方网站是这么说的！ [root@node101 gluster1]# [root@node101 gluster1]# [root@node101 gluster1]# gluster volume remove-brick test-volume node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8 commit #提交我们一处该块磁盘的操作 volume remove-brick commit: success Check the removed bricks to ensure all files are migrated. If files with data are found on the brick path, copy them via a gluster mount point before re-purposing the removed brick. [root@node101 gluster1]# [root@node101 gluster1]# gluster volume info test-volume #再次查我们会发现node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file8这个文块设备不见啦！ Volume Name: test-volume Type: Distribute Volume ID: d73f1306-1984-4fea-8fe2-a37771b471d5 Status: Started Snapshot Count: 0 Number of Bricks: 2 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file1 Brick2: node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn:/home/yinzhengjie/glusterfs/file1 Options Reconfigured: performance.client-io-threads: on transport.address-family: inet nfs.disable: on [root@node101 gluster1]#
博主推荐阅读：https://docs.gluster.org/en/latest/Administrator%20Guide/Managing%20Volumes/