• (H5)canvas实现裁剪图片和马赛克功能,以及又拍云上传图片


    1.核心功能

      此组件功能包含:

        图片裁剪(裁剪框拖动,裁剪框改变大小);

        图片马赛克(绘制马赛克,清除马赛克);

        图片预览、图片还原(返回原图、返回处理图);

        图片上传(获取签名、上传图片)。

    2.核心逻辑

      2.1图片裁剪

      获取裁剪框(矩形)相对于画布的位置(左上)和裁剪框的height、width。获取(getImageData)canvas相应位置的图片对象(ImageData)。清空canvas画布。在canvas画布的相应位置绘制(putImageData)获取的图片对象(ImageData)。生成预览图。

      2.2图片马赛克

      马赛克的绘制,就是在以鼠标划过路径(画笔宽度)为中心的区域,重新绘制成其他的颜色。一般结果是,会取周围的相近的颜色。

      取色方法:

      1)比如现有一鼠标划过的点的坐标(x,y),定义一个矩形左上角坐标取(x,y),宽30px,高30px。我们把矩形宽高都除以5(分成5份,可以自定义为n份),所以现在是25个6px的小格子。每个小格子宽高都是6px。

      2)然后,我们随机获取一个小格子,获取(getImageData)这个小格子的图片对象(ImageData);再随机获取此图片对象上某个像素点(宽1px,高1px)的颜色color(rgba:ImageData.data[0],ImageData.data[1],ImageData.data[2],ImageData.data[3]);最后我们把第一个6x6px的小格子的每个像素点的颜色都设置为color。

      3)其他24个小格子的颜色,遍历2步骤即可。

      2.3清除马赛克

      我们需要理解一个问题,不管是绘制马赛克,还是清除马赛克,其本质都是在绘制图片。我们在某个位置绘制了马赛克,清除的时候,就是把原图在当前位置的图片对象再画出来。就达到了清除的效果。所以,我们需要备份一个canvas,和原图一模一样,清除的时候,需要获取备份画布上对应位置的图像,绘制到马赛克的位置。

      2.4图片预览

      图片预览就是获取裁剪框的区域,获取区域内的图片对象。再绘制到画布上。

      2.5图片还原至原图

      清空画布,再次绘制原图

      2.6还原至已操作图片

      预览是保存画布图片对象(ImageData),清空画布,绘制保存的图片对象至画布

      2.7图片上传

      获取(toDataURL)canvas图片路径,将获取到的base64图片转化为File对象。进行上传。

    3.完整代码如下:

    <template>
      <div class="canvas-clip" :loading="loading">
        <div
          v-show="isDrop"
          class="canvas-mainBox"
          ref="canvas-mainBox"
          id="canvas-mainBox"
          @mousedown.stop="startMove($event)"
        >
          <div class="canvas-minBox left-up" @mousedown.stop="startResize($event,0)"></div>
          <div class="canvas-minBox up" @mousedown.stop="startResize($event,1)"></div>
          <div class="canvas-minBox right-up" @mousedown.stop="startResize($event,2)"></div>
          <div class="canvas-minBox right" @mousedown.stop="startResize($event,3)"></div>
          <div class="canvas-minBox right-down" @mousedown.stop="startResize($event,4)"></div>
          <div class="canvas-minBox down" @mousedown.stop="startResize($event,5)"></div>
          <div class="canvas-minBox left-down" @mousedown.stop="startResize($event,6)"></div>
          <div class="canvas-minBox left" @mousedown.stop="startResize($event,7)"></div>
        </div>
        <!-- 画布 -->
        <canvas
          class="canvas-area"
          ref="canvas"
          id="canvas"
          :width="canvasWidth"
          :height="canvasHeight"
          @mousedown.stop="startMove($event)"
          :class="{hoverPaint:isMa,hoverClear:isMaClear}"
        ></canvas>
        <!-- 备份画布 -->
        <canvas class="canvas-copy" ref="canvasCopy" :width="canvasWidth" :height="canvasHeight"></canvas>
        <div class="canvas-btns">
          <button v-if="backBtn" @click="clipBack">返回</button>
          <button :class="{active:btnIndex==0}" @click="sourceImg">原图</button>
          <button :class="{active:btnIndex==1}" @click="paintRectReady" :disabled="isDisabled">马赛克</button>
          <button :class="{active:btnIndex==2}" @click="paintRectClearReady" :disabled="isDisabled">橡皮擦</button>
          <button :class="{active:btnIndex==3}" @click="clipReady" :disabled="isDisabled">裁剪</button>
          <button :class="{active:btnIndex==4}" @click="clipPosition">预览</button>
          <button @click="getSignature">上传</button>
          <button class="close" @click="canvasClose()">x</button>
          <!-- <div class="paint-size" v-if="isMaClear || isMa">
            <span>画笔大小</span>
            <input :defaultValue="maSize" v-model="maSize" max="100" min="1" type="range">
            <span class="size-num">{{maSize}}</span>
          </div> -->
        </div>
      </div>
    </template>
    <script>
    import axios from "axios";
    import md5 from "js-md5";
    import req from "../../axios/config";
    export default {
      props: ["imgUrl"],
      data() {
        return {
          resizeFX: "",
          movePrev: "",
          canvasWidth: 800, // 画布宽
          canvasHeight: 600, // 画布高
          loading: false,
          isDrop: false, // 裁剪
          isMa: false, // 马赛克
          maSize: 30, // 马赛克大小
          isMaClear: false, // 清除马赛克
          backBtn: false, // 返回按钮
          isDisabled: false,//禁用按钮
          btnIndex: 0,//当前按钮
    
          mouseX:'',// 鼠标位置
          mouseY:'',
         
          clipEle: "", // 裁剪框元素
          canvasDataSession: "", // 预览前的画布信息
    
          canvas: "", // 画布
          ctx: "", // 画布上下文
          canvasCopy: "", // copy画布
          ctxCopy: "", // copy画布上下文
    
          uploadOption: { // 图片上传参数
            path: "",
            policy: "",
            signature: "",
            username: ""
          }
        };
      },
      mounted() {
        this.clipEle = this.$refs["canvas-mainBox"];
        this.canvas = this.$refs["canvas"];
        this.ctx = this.canvas.getContext("2d");
        this.canvasCopy = this.$refs["canvasCopy"];
        this.ctxCopy = this.canvasCopy.getContext("2d");
        this.draw();
      },
      methods: {
        // 创建图片
        draw() {
          var img = new Image();
          img.setAttribute('crossOrigin', 'anonymous');
          img.onload = () => {
            this.ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, 800, 600);
            this.ctxCopy.drawImage(img, 0, 0, 800, 600);
          };
          img.src = this.imgUrl + '?time=' + new Date().valueOf();
        },
        //预览 计算裁剪框的位置(左上坐标)
        clipPosition() {
          this.isDisabled = true;
          this.backBtn = true;
          this.isMa = false;
          this.isMaClear = false;
          this.btnIndex = 4;
          //画布位置
          var canvasPx = this.canvas.offsetLeft,
            canvasPy = this.canvas.offsetTop;
          if (this.isDrop) {
            // 裁剪框位置
            var clipPx = this.clipEle.offsetLeft,
              clipPy = this.clipEle.offsetTop,
              x = clipPx - canvasPx,
              y = clipPy - canvasPy,
              w = this.clipEle.offsetWidth,
              h = this.clipEle.offsetHeight,
              // 预览图居中
              positionX = 400 - this.clipEle.offsetWidth / 2,
              positionY = 300 - this.clipEle.offsetHeight / 2;
          } else {
            // 没有裁剪框,保存完整图片
            var x = 0,
              y = 0,
              w = this.canvas.offsetWidth,
              h = this.canvas.offsetHeight,
              // 预览图居中
              positionX = 0,
              positionY = 0;
          }
          var imageData = this.ctx.getImageData(x, y, w, h);
          this.canvasDataSession = this.ctx.getImageData(
            0,
            0,
            this.canvasWidth,
            this.canvasHeight
          );
    
          this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvasWidth, this.canvasHeight);
          this.ctx.putImageData(imageData, positionX, positionY);
          this.clipEle.style.display = "none";
          this.canvasCopy.style.display = "none";
        },
        // 返回预览前状态
        clipBack() {
          this.btnIndex = -1;
          this.backBtn = false;
          this.isDisabled = false;
          this.isDrop = false;
          this.ctx.putImageData(this.canvasDataSession, 0, 0);
          this.canvasCopy.style.display = "block";
        },
        // 原图
        sourceImg() {
          this.isDisabled = false;
          this.btnIndex = 0;
          this.backBtn = false;
          this.isMa = false;
          this.isDrop = false;
          this.isMaClear = false;
    
          var img = new Image();
          this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvasWidth, this.canvasHeight);
          img.setAttribute('crossOrigin', 'anonymous');
          img.onload = () => {
            this.ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, this.canvasWidth, this.canvasHeight);
          };
          img.src = this.imgUrl + '?time=' + new Date().valueOf();
          this.canvasCopy.style.display = "block";
        },
        // 获取签名
        getSignature() {
          // canvas图片base64 转 File 对象
          var dataURL = this.canvas.toDataURL("image/jpg"),
            arr = dataURL.split(","),
            mime = arr[0].match(/:(.*?);/)[1],
            bstr = atob(arr[1]),
            n = bstr.length,
            u8arr = new Uint8Array(n);
          while (n--) {
            u8arr[n] = bstr.charCodeAt(n);
          }
          var obj = new Blob([u8arr], { type: mime }),
            time = new Date().toGMTString(),
            formData = new FormData();
          formData.append("file", obj);
          // 获取文件后缀
          var suffix = formData.get("file").type.split("/")[1];
          req
            .get("/carsource-api/upyun/sign", { suffix: suffix })
            .then(response => {
              if (response.data.code === 0) {
                this.uploadOption.path = response.data.data.path;
                formData.append("policy", response.data.data.policy);
                formData.append("authorization", response.data.data.signature);
                this.updateImg(formData);
              }
            })
            .catch(function(error) {});
        },
        // 上传
        updateImg(formData) {
          axios({
            url: "http://v0.api.upyun.com/tmp-img",
            method: "POST",
            data: formData
          }).then(response => {
            if (response.data.code == 200) {
              this.$message.success("图片修改成功");
              this.canvasClose("upload", response.data.url.slice(4));
            }
          });
        },
        // 裁剪框缩放 移动
        startResize(e, n) {
          this.resizeFX = n;
          $(document).mousemove(this.resizeDiv);
          document.addEventListener("mouseup", this.stopResize);
        },
        stopResize(e) {
          $(document).off("mousemove", this.resizeDiv);
          document.removeEventListener("mouseup", this.stopResize);
        },
        startMove(e) {
          this.movePrev = [e.pageX, e.pageY];
          $(document).mousemove(this.moveDiv);
          document.addEventListener("mouseup", this.stopMove);
        },
        stopMove(e) {
          $(document).off("mousemove", this.moveDiv);
          document.removeEventListener("mouseup", this.stopMove);
        },
        moveDiv(e) {
          // 马赛克
          if (this.isMa) {
            this.paintRect(e);
          }
          // 清除马赛克
          if (this.isMaClear) {
            this.paintRectClear(e);
          }
          // 裁剪
          if (this.isDrop) {
            var targetDiv = $("#canvas-mainBox"),
              offsetArr = targetDiv.offset();
            var chaX = e.pageX - this.movePrev[0],
              chaY = e.pageY - this.movePrev[1],
              ox = parseFloat(targetDiv.css("left")),
              oy = parseFloat(targetDiv.css("top"));
            targetDiv.css({
              left: ox + chaX + "px",
              top: oy + chaY + "px"
            });
            this.movePrev = [e.pageX, e.pageY];
          }
        },
        resizeDiv(e) {
          e.preventDefault();
          e.stopPropagation();
          // 获取需要改变尺寸元素到页面的距离
          var targetDiv = $("#canvas-mainBox"),
            offsetArr = targetDiv.offset();
          var eleSWidth = targetDiv.width(),
            eleSHeight = targetDiv.height(),
            ox = parseFloat(targetDiv.css("left")),
            oy = parseFloat(targetDiv.css("top"));
          // 获取鼠标位置,和元素初始offset进行对比,
          var chaX = e.pageX - offsetArr.left,
            chaY = e.pageY - offsetArr.top;
          switch (this.resizeFX) {
            case 0:
              //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变
              if (chaX >= eleSWidth - 10 || chaY >= eleSHeight - 10) {
                return;
              }
              // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置
              // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e)
              targetDiv.css({
                 eleSWidth + chaX * -1 + "px",
                height: eleSHeight + chaY * -1 + "px",
                left: ox + chaX + "px",
                top: oy + chaY + "px"
              });
              break;
            case 1:
              //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变
              if (chaY >= eleSHeight - 10) {
                return;
              }
              // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置
              // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e)
              targetDiv.css({
                height: eleSHeight + chaY * -1 + "px",
                top: oy + chaY + "px"
              });
              break;
            case 2:
              //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变
              if (chaX <= 10 || chaY >= eleSHeight - 10) {
                return;
              }
              // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,设置位置
              // 原始高+((m-e)*-1),原始宽+((m-e)),原始位置+(m-e)
              targetDiv.css({
                 chaX + "px",
                height: eleSHeight + chaY * -1 + "px",
                top: oy + chaY + "px"
              });
              break;
            case 3:
              //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变
              if (chaX <= 10) {
                return;
              }
              // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置
              // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e)
              targetDiv.css({
                 chaX + "px"
              });
              break;
            case 4:
              //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变
              if (chaX <= 10 || chaY <= 10) {
                return;
              }
              // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置
              // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e)
              targetDiv.css({
                 chaX + "px",
                height: chaY + "px"
              });
              break;
            case 5:
              //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变
              if (chaY <= 10) {
                return;
              }
              // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置
              // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e)
              targetDiv.css({
                height: chaY + "px"
              });
              break;
            case 6:
              //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变
              if (chaX >= eleSWidth - 10 || chaY <= 10) {
                return;
              }
              // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置
              // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e)
              targetDiv.css({
                 eleSWidth + chaX * -1 + "px",
                height: chaY + "px",
                left: ox + chaX + "px"
              });
              break;
            case 7:
              //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变
              if (chaX >= eleSWidth - 10) {
                return;
              }
              // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置
              // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e)
              targetDiv.css({
                 eleSWidth + chaX * -1 + "px",
                left: ox + chaX + "px"
              });
              break;
    
            default:
              break;
          }
        },
        // 裁剪
        clipReady() {
          this.btnIndex = 3;
          this.isMa = false;
          this.isDrop = true;
          this.isMaClear = false;
        },
        // 马赛克
        paintRectReady() {
          this.btnIndex = 1;
          this.isMa = true;
          this.isDrop = false;
          this.isMaClear = false;
        },
        // 橡皮擦
        paintRectClearReady() {
          this.btnIndex = 2;
          this.isMa = false;
          this.isDrop = false;
          this.isMaClear = true;
        },
        // 绘制马赛克
        paintRect(e) {
          var offT = this.canvas.offsetTop, // 距离上边距离
            offL = this.canvas.offsetLeft, // 距离左边距离
            x = e.clientX,
            y = e.clientY;
          if(this.mouseX - x > this.maSize/2 || x - this.mouseX > this.maSize/2 || this.mouseY - y > this.maSize/2 || y - this.mouseY > this.maSize/2){
            var oImg = this.ctx.getImageData(x - offL ,y - offT,this.maSize,this.maSize);
            var w = oImg.width;
            var h = oImg.height;
            //马赛克的程度,数字越大越模糊
            var num = 6;
            //等分画布
            var stepW = w/num;
            var stepH = h/num;
            //这里是循环画布的像素点
            for(var i=0;i<stepH;i++){
              for(var j=0;j<stepW;j++){
                //获取一个小方格的随机颜色,这是小方格的随机位置获取的
                var color = this.getXY(oImg,j*num+Math.floor(Math.random()*num),i*num+Math.floor(Math.random()*num));
                //这里是循环小方格的像素点,
                for(var k=0;k<num;k++){
                    for(var l=0;l<num;l++){
                        //设置小方格的颜色
                        this.setXY(oImg,j*num+l,i*num+k,color);
                    }    
                }
              }    
            }
            this.ctx.putImageData(oImg,x - offL ,y - offT);
            this.mouseX = e.clientX
            this.mouseY = e.clientY
          }
        },
        getXY(obj,x,y){
          var w = obj.width;
          var h = obj.height;
          var d = obj.data;
          var color = [];
          color[0] = d[4*(y*w+x)];
          color[1] = d[4*(y*w+x)+1];
          color[2] = d[4*(y*w+x)+2];
          color[3] = d[4*(y*w+x)+3];
          return color;
        },
        setXY(obj,x,y,color){
          var w = obj.width;
          var h = obj.height;
          var d = obj.data;
          d[4*(y*w+x)] = color[0];
          d[4*(y*w+x)+1] = color[1];
          d[4*(y*w+x)+2] = color[2];
          d[4*(y*w+x)+3] = color[3];
        },
        // 清除马赛克
        paintRectClear(e) {
          var offT = this.canvasCopy.offsetTop, // 距离上边距离
            offL = this.canvasCopy.offsetLeft, // 距离左边距离
            x = e.clientX,
            y = e.clientY,
            // 获取原图此位置图像数据
            imageData = this.ctxCopy.getImageData(
              x - offL,
              y - offT,
              this.maSize,
              this.maSize
            );
          this.ctx.putImageData(imageData, x - offL, y - offT);
        },
        // 关闭画布
        canvasClose(type, url) {
          this.$emit("isShowImgChange", type, url);
        }
      }
    };
    </script>
    <style scoped>
    .canvas-clip {
      position: fixed;
      top: 0;
      bottom: 0;
      left: 0;
      right: 0;
      z-index: 9010;
      background: #000;
    }
    .canvas-mainBox {
      position: absolute;
       400px;
      height: 300px;
      left: 50%;
      top: 50%;
      margin-left: -200px;
      margin-top: -150px;
      border: 1px solid #FFF;
      cursor: move;
      z-index: 9009;
    }
    .canvas-minBox {
      position: absolute;
       8px;
      height: 8px;
      background: #FFF;
    }
    .left-up {
      top: -4px;
      left: -4px;
      cursor: nw-resize;
    }
    .up {
      top: -4px;
      left: 50%;
      margin-left: -4px;
      cursor: n-resize;
    }
    .right-up {
      top: -4px;
      right: -4px;
      cursor: ne-resize;
    }
    .right {
      top: 50%;
      margin-top: -4px;
      right: -4px;
      cursor: e-resize;
    }
    .right-down {
      bottom: -4px;
      right: -4px;
      cursor: se-resize;
    }
    .down {
      bottom: -4px;
      left: 50%;
      margin-left: -4px;
      cursor: s-resize;
    }
    .left-down {
      bottom: -4px;
      left: -4px;
      cursor: sw-resize;
    }
    .left {
      top: 50%;
      margin-top: -4px;
      left: -4px;
      cursor: w-resize;
    }
    .canvas-btns {
      position: fixed;
      right: 50px;
      top: 30px;
      z-index: 9003;
    }
    .canvas-btns button {
      display: inline-blovk;
      background: green;
      cursor: pointer;
      border: none;
       60px;
      height: 30px;
      line-height: 30px;
      color: #fff;
      font-size: 15px;
    }
    .canvas-btns button.active {
      background: rgb(32, 230, 32);
    }
    .canvas-btns button.close {
      background: rgb(230, 72, 32);
    }
    .canvas-copy {
      position: absolute;
      top: 50%;
      left: 50%;
      margin-top: -300px;
      margin-left: -400px;
      z-index: 9007;
    }
    .canvas-mosatic {
      position: absolute;
      top: 50%;
      left: 50%;
      margin-top: -300px;
      margin-left: -400px;
      z-index: 9009;
    }
    .canvas-area {
      position: absolute;
      top: 50%;
      left: 50%;
      margin-top: -300px;
      margin-left: -400px;
      z-index: 9008;
    }
    .paint-size{
      margin-top: 20px;
      font-size: 13px;
      color: #FFF;
      height: 30px;
      line-height: 30px;
      text-align: right;
    }
    .paint-size input{
      vertical-align: middle;
      background: green;
    }
    .paint-size .size-num{
      display: inline-block;
       15px;
    }
    .hoverClear{
      cursor: url('./paint.png'),auto;
    }
    .hoverPaint{
      cursor: url('./paint.png'),auto;
    }
    </style>
    

      

    4.效果图如下:

     5.组件是基于vue实现的,代码实现仓促,如有帮助或参考,请自行调试。欢迎留下意见和建议。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yinn/p/11155336.html
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