搭建SpringMVC——最小化配置

Spring MVC的最小化配置

需要的jar包

• Spring framework spring-context
• Spring framework spring-mvc

具体可以参考maven中的引用：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app  version="3.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"  
                        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                        xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee 
                                            http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd">
        
     <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        <!-- 默认是/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml -->
     </context-param>
     
     <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
     </listener>
  
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
            <!-- 默认是/WEB-INF/[servlet名字]-servlet.xml -->
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
  
</web-app>

其中，必要的配置就是指定servlet和listener.

• ContextLoaderListener指定了IOC容器初始化的方法
• DispatcherServlet则定义了mvc的相关内容，并配置拦截的url，如上面所示，所有/开头的请求，都会通过SpringMVC这个servlet进行处理。

他们都需要一个xml文件，默认位置上面已经说过了。

applicationContext.xml

空的，反正咱也没用什么bean。

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

</beans>

SpringMVC-servlet.xml

里面放一个扫描controller的配置即可。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
    <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="hello" />
</beans>

controller文件

package hello;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public @ResponseBody String test() {
        return "hello, world! This com from spring!";
    }

}

总结一下：

1 两个maven依赖，spring-context；spring-mvc。maven就会自动下载所有关联的jar包，包括

• spring-webmvc
• spring-beans
• spring-core
• spring-expression
• spring-web
• spring-context
• spring-aop
• aopalliance
• commons-logging

2 一个web.xml文件，配置了listener和servlet
3 两个spring相关的文件，applicationContext.xml和servletName-servlet.xml
4 一个controller文件，配置了拦截的url处理代码

有了这些准备工作，运行后输入

http://localhost:8080/SpringTest/hello

就能得到

hello, world! This com from spring!

这样的信息，恭喜你的SpringMVC搭起来了！