使用rman备份将rac环境恢复到单实例
rac环境
[oracle@rac02 ~]$ cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 10.11.*.61 rac01 1.1.1.13 rac01-priv 10.11.*.200 rac01-vip 10.11.*.62 rac02 1.1.1.14 rac02-priv 10.11.*.201 rac02-vip 10.11.*.202 scanvip-ip
rac集群信息查看
# crsstat ora.bol.db ora....se.type 0/2 0/1 ONLINE ONLINE rac01 [oracle@rac02 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL> show parameter cluster NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ cluster_database boolean TRUE cluster_database_instances integer 2 cluster_interconnects string SQL> show parameter name NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ cell_offloadgroup_name string db_file_name_convert string db_name string bol db_unique_name string bol global_names boolean FALSE instance_name string bol2 lock_name_space string log_file_name_convert string processor_group_name string service_names string bol SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination +FRA/bol/arch Oldest online log sequence 343 Next log sequence to archive 344 Current log sequence 344 SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999 SQL> col FILE_NAME format a60 SQL> select 'datafile' file_type, file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$datafile union all select 'tempfile',file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$tempfile union all select 'logfile',group# file#,member FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$logfile union all select 'controlfile', to_number('') ,name FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$controlfile ; FILE_TYPE FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS ENABLED ----------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------- ---------- datafile 1 +DATA/bol/datafile/system.259.1015241807 SYSTEM READ WRITE datafile 2 +DATA/bol/datafile/sysaux.260.1015241811 ONLINE READ WRITE datafile 3 +DATA/bol/datafile/undotbs1.261.1015241811 ONLINE READ WRITE datafile 4 +DATA/bol/datafile/undotbs2.263.1015241815 ONLINE READ WRITE datafile 5 +DATA/bol/datafile/users.264.1015241815 ONLINE READ WRITE datafile 6 +DATA/bol/datafile/cad01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE datafile 7 +DATA/bol/datafile/scm01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE datafile 8 +DATA/bol/datafile/zabbix01.dbf ONLINE READ WRITE tempfile 1 +DATA/bol/tempfile/temp.262.1015241813 ONLINE READ WRITE logfile 1 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.1015241807 logfile 1 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.1015241807 logfile 2 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.1015241807 logfile 2 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.1015241807 logfile 3 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.265.1015242985 logfile 3 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.259.1015242985 logfile 4 +DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.266.1015242985 logfile 4 +FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.260.1015242985 controlfile +DATA/bol/controlfile/current.256.1015241807 controlfile +FRA/bol/controlfile/current.256.1015241807 SQL> show parameter instance_n NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ instance_name string bol2 instance_number integer 2 SQL> show parameter spfile NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string +DATA/bol/spfilebol.ora
查看rac02节点的rman备份
#ll -art /home/oracle/backup -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 85729280 Dec 3 22:35 bol_fullbakepuihggn_1_1_20191203 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 2966593536 Dec 3 22:35 bol_fullbakequihggo_1_1_20191203 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 144319488 Dec 3 22:35 arch_esuihghs_1_1_20191203 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 72366080 Dec 3 22:35 arch_etuihght_1_1_20191203 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 18644992 Dec 3 22:35 20191203_BOL_478_1_4237955019.ctl -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 98304 Dec 3 22:35 bol_spfile_evuihgi1_1_1_20191203
将rman备份文件cp到单实例环境（这里的单实例环境-只安装了数据库软件）
[oracle@rac02 backup]$ scp bol_fullbakepuihggn_1_1_20191203 bol_fullbakequihggo_1_1_20191203 arch_esuihghs_1_1_20191203 arch_etuihght_1_1_20191203 20191203_BOL_478_1_4237955019.ctl bol_spfile_evuihgi1_1_1_20191203 oracle@10.11.*.80:/home/oracle/backup/.
[oracle@oracle backup]$ cp bol_spfile_evuihgi1_1_1_20191203 initbol.ora
---修改参数文件
[oracle@oracle backup]$ more initbol.ora *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/bol/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='bol' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=6005194752 *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=bolXDB)' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/archive' *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arch' *.memory_target=2147483648 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=350 *.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive' *.standby_file_management='auto' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
---select 6744440832/1024/1024/1024,3*1024*1024*1024;
单实例库创建目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/bol mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/tempfile mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/adump mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/data mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/tempfile mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/archive
单实例创建spfile文件
[oracle@oracle ~]$ vim .bash_profile [oracle@oracle ~]$ source .bash_profile [oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus -v SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production [oracle@oracle dbs]$ ORACLE_SID=bol [oracle@oracle dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Dec 4 11:30:49 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/backup/initbol.ora'; File created.
启动单实例到nomount状态
[oracle@oracle ~]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Dec 4 11:35:07 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database (not started) RMAN> startup nomount; Oracle instance started Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes Fixed Size 2254952 bytes Variable Size 1342179224 bytes Database Buffers 788529152 bytes Redo Buffers 4923392 bytes
从备份中恢复控制文件
==restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/backup/20191203_BOL_478_1_4237955019.ctl'; RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/backup/20191203_BOL_478_1_4237955019.ctl'; Starting restore at 04-DEC-19 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=284 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/control01.ctl output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/bol/control02.ctl Finished restore at 04-DEC-19
==控制文件已经还原，注意此处控制文件的还原路径是spfile中指定的路径，接下来还原数据文件及恢复数据库
==启动到mount状态并还原和恢复整个数据库
RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1 RMAN> list backupset summary; RMAN> list backupset of archivelog all; BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time ------- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------- 477 69.01M DISK 00:00:01 03-DEC-19 BP Key: 477 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20191203T223540 Piece Name: /home/oracle/backup/arch_etuihght_1_1_20191203 List of Archived Logs in backup set 477 Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- 1 433 10580072 03-DEC-19 10598676 04-DEC-19 1 434 10598676 04-DEC-19 10598684 04-DEC-19 2 341 10594034 04-DEC-19 10597753 04-DEC-19 2 342 10597753 04-DEC-19 10598672 04-DEC-19 2 343 10598672 04-DEC-19 10598689 04-DEC-19
==数据文件的转换
SQL> set pagesize 200 linesize 200 SQL> select 'set newname for datafile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "' || a.NAME || '";' from v$datafile a union all select 'set newname for tempfile ' || a.FILE# || ' to "' || a.NAME || '";' from v$tempfile a union all SELECT 'SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''''' || a.MEMBER || ''''' to ''''' || a.MEMBER || ''''' ";' FROM v$logfile a; 'SETNEWNAMEFORDATAFILE'||A.FILE#||'TO"'||A.NAME||'";' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- set newname for datafile 1 to "+DATA/bol/datafile/system.259.1015241807"; set newname for datafile 2 to "+DATA/bol/datafile/sysaux.260.1015241811"; set newname for datafile 3 to "+DATA/bol/datafile/undotbs1.261.1015241811"; set newname for datafile 4 to "+DATA/bol/datafile/undotbs2.263.1015241815"; set newname for datafile 5 to "+DATA/bol/datafile/users.264.1015241815"; set newname for datafile 6 to "+DATA/bol/datafile/cad01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 7 to "+DATA/bol/datafile/scm01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 8 to "+DATA/bol/datafile/zabbix01.dbf"; set newname for tempfile 1 to "+DATA/bol/tempfile/temp.262.1015241813"; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.1015241807'' to ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.1015241807'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.1015241807'' to ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.1015241807'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.1015241807'' to ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.1015241807'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.1015241807'' to ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.1015241807'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.265.1015242985'' to ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.265.1015242985'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.259.1015242985'' to ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.259.1015242985'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.266.1015242985'' to ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.266.1015242985'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.260.1015242985'' to ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.260.1015242985'' "; 17 rows selected. RMAN> RUN{ ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE DISK; set newname for datafile 1 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/system01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 2 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/sysaux02.dbf"; set newname for datafile 3 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/undotbs101.dbf"; set newname for datafile 4 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/undotbs202.dbf"; set newname for datafile 5 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/users01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 6 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/cad01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 7 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/scm01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 8 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/zabbix01.dbf"; set newname for tempfile 1 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/tempfile/temp01.dbf"; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.1015241807'' to ''/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/redo01_1.log'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_1.257.1015241807'' to ''/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/redo01_2.log'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.1015241807'' to ''/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/redo02_1.log'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_2.258.1015241807'' to ''/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/redo02_2.log'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.265.1015242985'' to ''/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/redo03_1.log'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_3.259.1015242985'' to ''/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/redo03_2.log'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+DATA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.266.1015242985'' to ''/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/redo04_1.log'' "; SQL "ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE ''+FRA/bol/onlinelog/group_4.260.1015242985'' to ''/u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/redo04_2.log'' "; RESTORE DATABASE; SWITCH DATAFILE ALL; SWITCH TEMPFILE ALL; }
==告警日志
==查看数据文件是否已经还原
[oracle@oracle ~]$ ll -h /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bol/data/ total 6.9G -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1.1G Dec 4 11:58 cad01.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1.1G Dec 4 11:58 scm01.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2.4G Dec 4 11:59 sysaux02.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 761M Dec 4 11:59 system01.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1.2G Dec 4 11:58 undotbs101.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 201M Dec 4 11:58 undotbs202.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5.1M Dec 4 11:58 users01.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 501M Dec 4 11:58 zabbix01.dbf
==由前边的备份集中可以看出，备份集中的thread 1的最大日志号为434，thread 2的最大日志号为343，所以不完全恢复
RMAN> run{ 2> set until sequence 434 thread 1; 3> set until sequence 343 thread 2; 4> recover database; 5> } executing command: SET until clause executing command: SET until clause Starting recover at 04-DEC-19 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=284 device type=DISK starting media recovery channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=433 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log archived log thread=2 sequence=342 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/arch_etuihght_1_1_20191203 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/arch_etuihght_1_1_20191203 tag=TAG20191203T223540 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/archive/2_342_1015241803.arch thread=2 sequence=342 archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/archive/1_433_1015241803.arch thread=1 sequence=433 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00 Finished recover at 04-DEC-19
使用resetlogs打开数据库
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs; database opened
查看redo日志
[oracle@oracle backup]$ ll -h /u01/app/oracle/admin/bol/redo/ total 401M -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 51M Dec 4 12:18 redo01_1.log -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 51M Dec 4 12:18 redo01_2.log -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 51M Dec 4 12:18 redo02_1.log -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 51M Dec 4 12:18 redo02_2.log -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 51M Dec 4 12:18 redo03_1.log -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 51M Dec 4 12:18 redo03_2.log -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 51M Dec 4 12:18 redo04_1.log -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 51M Dec 4 12:18 redo04_2.log
查看相关文件
[oracle@oracle backup]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL> show parameter name SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/archive Oldest online log sequence 1 Next log sequence to archive 1 Current log sequence 1 SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999 SQL> col FILE_NAME format a60 SQL> select 'datafile' file_type, file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$datafile union all select 'tempfile',file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$tempfile union all select 'logfile',group# file#,member FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$logfile union all select 'controlfile', to_number('') ,name FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$controlfile ;
==清除未使用的redo
SQL> col instance format a8 SQL> select thread#,instance,status,enabled from v$thread; THREAD# INSTANCE STATUS ENABLED ---------- -------- ------ -------- 1 bol OPEN PUBLIC 2 bol2 CLOSED PUBLIC SQL> select group#,thread#,archived,status from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# ARC STATUS ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- 1 1 NO CURRENT 2 1 YES UNUSED 3 2 YES INACTIVE 4 2 YES UNUSED SQL> alter database disable thread 2; Database altered. SQL> select thread#,instance,status,enabled from v$thread; THREAD# INSTANCE STATUS ENABLED ---------- -------- ------ -------- 1 bol OPEN PUBLIC 2 bol2 CLOSED DISABLED
==清除多余的 undo 文件
SQL> select name from v$tablespace where name like 'UNDO%'; NAME ------------------------------ UNDOTBS1 UNDOTBS2 SQL> show parameter undo_tablespace; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1 SQL> drop tablespace undotbs2 including contents and datafiles; Tablespace dropped.
到此，恢复以及完成。迁移还可以使用在线 RMAN Duplicate
参考：
https://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest/p/4546661.html