1、JVM基本结构:
*.java--------javac编译------>*.class-----ClassLoad加载---->运行时数据区------->执行引擎,接口库------>本地方法库
2、JVM运行流程:
public class Dome {
private static int tem=1;
static {
tem=2;
System.out.println(tem);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
tem=6;
System.out.println(tem);
}
}
类的装载:
加载,连接(验证,准备,解析),初始化,使用,卸载
Class会保存类的定义或者结构到堆中
初始化:执行类的构造器《clinit》,为类的静态变量赋予正确的初始值
构造器:
1、static变量
2、Static{}语句块
构造方法:实列化对象
3、类加载器双亲委派模型
Bootstrat ClassLoader :启动类加载器(C++,内核)【rt.jar】 null
Extension ClassLoader:扩展类加载器---extends->【%JAVA_HOME%/lib/ext/*.jar】ClassLoader
App ClassLoader:系统类加载器 ----extends-->【Classpath下加载】ClassLoader(扩展类加载器)
自定义类加载器: extends ClassLoader(系统类加载器 )---【自定义加载】
public static void main(String[] args) {
//System.out.println(Dome2.class.getClassLoader());
ClassLoader classLoader=Dome2.class.getClassLoader();
while(classLoader!=null) {
System.out.println(classLoader);
classLoader=classLoader.getParent();
}
System.out.println(classLoader);
}
编译:
sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@2a139a55 》系统类加载器
sun.misc.Launcher$ExtClassLoader@7852e922 》扩展类型加载器
Null 》启动类加载器
在jdk的rt.jar下找到java.lang.classLoader类,找到类加载方法:
@parem:name,类的二进制字节流
public Class<?> loadClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException{
return loadClass(name, false);
}
查找是否有这个类:
有:从父类中加载
无:从BootstrapClass加载
//parent:
// The parent class loader for delegation
// Note: VM hardcoded the offset of this field, thus all new fields
// must be added *after* it
private final ClassLoader parent;//父类委派机制 :包含关系
protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve)
throws ClassNotFoundException
{
synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) {
// First, check if the class has already been loaded
Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);
if (c == null) {
long t0 = System.nanoTime();
try {
if (parent != null) {
c = parent.loadClass(name, false);
} else {
c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// ClassNotFoundException thrown if class not found
// from the non-null parent class loader
}
if (c == null) {
// If still not found, then invoke findClass in order
// to find the class.
long t1 = System.nanoTime();
c = findClass(name); //自定义类加载【回调方法】
// this is the defining class loader; record the stats
sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0);
sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1);
sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment();
}
}
if (resolve) {
resolveClass(c);
}
return c;
}
}
被子类重写:
protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
throw new ClassNotFoundException(name);
}
实列:自定义类加载器
一个本地的Demo.class文件,一个编译环境中的Demo.class文件
测试调用类:
public class Dome {
public Dome() {
System.out.println("A Dome:"+Dome.class.getClassLoader());
}
}
需求实现类:
package com.cn.classload;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* @Description: 自定义类加载器
* @ClassName: MyClassLoader
* @author 明
* @date 2019年9月15日
*
*/
public class MyClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
private String path;// 加载类的路劲
private String name;// 类加载器名称
public MyClassLoader(String name, String path) {
super();// 让系统类加载器成为该类的父类
this.name = name;
this.path = path;
}
// 父类委托机制:父类加载器
public MyClassLoader(ClassLoader parent, String name, String path) {
super(parent);
this.name = name;
this.path = path;
}
/**
* 加载自定义的ClassLoader Title: findClass Description:
*
* @param name:包路径
* @return
* @throws ClassNotFoundException
* @see java.lang.ClassLoader#findClass(java.lang.String)
*
*/
@Override
protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
byte[] data = readClassFileToByteArray(name);
return this.defineClass(name, data, 0, data.length);
}
/**
* Title: toString Description:
*
* @return
* @see java.lang.Object#toString()
*
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return this.name;
}
/**
* @Description: 获取.class文件的字节数组
* @Title: readClassFileToByteArray
* @date 2019-09-15 17:27
* @param @param name2
* @param @return 参数
* @return byte [] 返回类型
* @throws @return byte []
* @param name2
* @return
*/
private byte[] readClassFileToByteArray(String name) {
InputStream iStream = null;
byte[] returnData = null;
name = name.replaceAll("\.", "/");
String filePath = this.path + name + ".class";
System.out.println("路径:"+filePath);
File file = new File(filePath);
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
iStream = new FileInputStream(file);
int tmp = 0;
while ((tmp = iStream.read()) != -1) {
os.write(tmp);
}
returnData = os.toByteArray();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (os != null) {
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (iStream != null) {
try {
iStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return returnData;
}
}
测试类:
public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
MyClassLoader zhangfeimyClassLoader=new MyClassLoader("zhangfei","D:/com/cn/classload/");
//MyClassLoader wukongmyClassLoader=new MyClassLoader(zhangfeimyClassLoader,"wukong","D:/com/cn/classload/");//现在张飞是悟空的父类委派加载器(输出的就是编译环境中的Dome.class文件)
MyClassLoader wukongmyClassLoader=new MyClassLoader(null,"wukong","D:/com/cn/classload/");//这里父类没有就是用自定义的加载器(输出的就是本地磁盘上的Dome.class文件)
Class<?> c=wukongmyClassLoader.loadClass("Dome");
c.newInstance();
}