centos7环境下的Mysql5.7.22安装 风行天下

参考网站:

         https://blog.csdn.net/vipbupafeng/article/details/80271089

1、下载

官网链接：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

下载之后用xftp上传到linux

或

在线下载：wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2、解压

mkdir /usr/local/mysql

tar zxvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql

建议：不要安装到其它目录，否则数据库初始化的时候会报cannot change dir的错，不好搞

3、重命名

mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

[root@LinuxS04 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@LinuxS04 mysql]# ls
mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
[root@LinuxS04 mysql]# mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql01
[root@LinuxS04 mysql]# ls
[root@LinuxS04 mysql]# cd ..
[root@LinuxS04 local]# rm -rf mysql
[root@LinuxS04 local]# mv mysql01/ mysql

4、卸载系统自带mysql

查看：rpm -qa | grep mysql

卸载：rpm -e --nodeps softfullname

5、创建用户组和用户

创建用户组：groupadd mysql

创建用户：useradd -r -g mysql mysql

为了安全性，给mysql数据库创建专有用户，该用户只能访问mysql目录，不能访问系统其它目录

另外不建议直接用root初始化mysql，否则连接mysql时会报错：[ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

6、给mysql目录指定专有用户和用户组

首先创建data目录：

cd /usr/local/mysql

mkdir data

指定用户和用户组：

cd /usr/local

chown -R mysql mysql/

chgrp -R mysql mysql/

-R包含目录下所有和目录和文件

7、初始化mysql

切换到mysql用户

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc_messages=en_US

记住生成的临时密码

如果忘记密码或者想重新初始化，可以先将mysql/data目录中文件删除，然后再执行初始化命令

8、配置my.cnf

从5.7.17后mysql就没有默认的my_default.cnf文件，需要手动创建

cd /etc

cat>>my.cnf

输入以下内容，ctrl+D退出

精简版：

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

可选版：

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]
# sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

# 一般配置选项
basedir = /usr/local/mysql/
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server = utf8
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
# socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

#下面是可选项，要不要都行，如果出现启动错误，则全部注释掉，保留最基本的配置选项，然后尝试添加某些配置项后启动，检测配置项是否有误
back_log = 300
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 50
table_open_cache = 4096
max_allowed_packet = 32M
#binlog_cache_size = 4M

max_heap_table_size = 128M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
join_buffer_size = 16M
thread_cache_size = 16
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 4M
ft_min_word_len = 8

thread_stack = 512K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 128M
#log-bin=mysql-bin
long_query_time = 6

server_id=1

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = on

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8
safe-updates

[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192

[client]
/bin/bash: Q: command not found

9、启动

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

启动：./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

10、设为开机启动

切换到root用户才能复制文件

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

vi /etc/init.d/mysql

将mysql目录填上：

basedir=/usr/local/mysql/

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

授权：chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

设为开机启动：chkconfig --add mysql

11、service启动

重启服务：service mysql restart

停止服务：service mysql stop

启动服务：service mysql start

查看服务：service mysql status

启动出现故障：The server quit without updating PID file问题的解决办法

http://www.jb51.net/article/48625.htm

12、登录mysql修改密码授权远程登录

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

登录：./mysql -u root -p    输入临时密码

修改密码：set password=password("root");

登录授权：grant all privileges on *.* to'root' @'%' identified by 'root';

授权生效：flush privileges;

可使用navicat或sqlyog等工具进行登录，注意关闭防火墙或开放3306端口

防火墙设置参考：https://blog.csdn.net/vipbupafeng/article/details/80287788

13、设置环境变量     直接命令启动mysql的方法。

vim /etc/profile

添加语句:    

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

然后保存， source /etc/profile

然后就能直接使用mysql命令了

 14、远程登陆   

[root@linux-node1 ~]# mysql -h 192.116.1.203 -p 3306 -u root -p123456

 15、启用mysql错误日志记录     log-error=/var/log/mysqld_err.log

https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/454427888350337245.html?qbl=relate_question_0&word=linux%CF%B5%CD%B3%B5%C4mysql%C8%D5%D6%BE%D4%DA%C4%C4%C0%EF

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报错处理：

1、

[root@smcweb01 bin]# service mysql restart
MySQL server PID file could not be found! [FAILED]

处理方法：https://blog.csdn.net/u010098331/article/details/50752667/