• vs2010 学习Silverlight学习笔记(15):数据与通信之JSON


    概述:

           有段时间没学习了,该继续了。不一定写完就发,有可能最后一起发。这个JSON我以前不太了解,只知道是web传输中的一种格式。今天初步了解一下这篇关于JSON是干什么的,写完后再看看W3C中JSON的资料。

    内容:

           创建两个实体,一个Post类,一个Blog类。与以往不同的是在sl中也有着相同两个类。

    Post.cs

    public class Post
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
     
        public string Title { get; set; }
     
        public string Author { get; set; }
    }

    Blog.cs

    public class Blog
    {
        public List<Post> Posts { get; set; }
    }

    新建HttpHandler用于向sl传输JSON数据。

    public class BlogHandler : IHttpHandler
    {
            public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
            {
                context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
                //context.Response.Write("Hello World");
                List<Post> posts = new List<Post>() 
                {
                    new Post{Id=1,Title="1a",Author="li"},
                    new Post{Id=2,Title="2a",Author="li"},
                    new Post{Id=3,Title="3a",Author="li"},
                    new Post{Id=4,Title="4a",Author="li"},
                    new Post{Id=5,Title="5a",Author="li"}
                };
                Blog blog = new Blog();
                blog.Posts = posts;
                context.Response.Write(JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject(blog));
            }    
            public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
    传出数据的这一句:context.Response.Write(JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject(blog));

    所用的的JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject来自JSON,在sl中添加引用中会有System.Json;但这WEB中并没有,这里用的是老师源码中的Dll文件引用。有兴趣的可以对Json.net做了解。

           在此时可以查看http://localhost:8081/BlogHandler.ashx,但此时浏览器显示的是错误:文件顶层无效。在下面的留言中也发现有个这错误的,但并没有原因和方法。先不管他,做剩下的部分。

    布局界面:

    <UserControlx:Class="SLDemo16JOSN.MainPage"

       xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

       xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

       xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"

       xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"

       mc:Ignorable="d"

       d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="400"Loaded="UserControl_Loaded">

       <Grid Background="#46461F">

           <Grid.RowDefinitions>

                <RowDefinitionHeight="40"></RowDefinition>

               <RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>

           </Grid.RowDefinitions>

           <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

               <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>

           </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

           <Border Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0"CornerRadius="15"

               Width="240" Height="36"Background="Orange"

               Margin="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">

               <TextBlock Text="最新随笔" Foreground="White"

                       HorizontalAlignment="Left"VerticalAlignment="Center"

                       Margin="20 0 00"></TextBlock>

           </Border>

           <ListBox x:Name="Posts" Grid.Row="1"Margin="40 10 10 10">

               <ListBox.ItemTemplate>

                    <DataTemplate>

                        <StackPanelOrientation="Horizontal">

                            <TextBlockText="{Binding Id}" Height="40"Foreground="Red"></TextBlock>

                            <TextBlockText="{Binding Title}" Height="40"></TextBlock>

                            <TextBlock Text="{BindingAuthor}" Height="40"Foreground="Orange"></TextBlock>

                        </StackPanel>

                    </DataTemplate>

               </ListBox.ItemTemplate>

           </ListBox>

       </Grid>

    </UserControl>

    MainPage.cs界面:需要添加引用System.Net;,System.ServiceModel.Web;

    using System;

    using System.Collections.Generic;

    using System.Linq;

    using System.Windows;

    using System.Windows.Controls;

    using System.Windows.Documents;

    using System.Windows.Input;

    using System.Windows.Media;

    using System.Windows.Media.Animation;

    using System.Windows.Shapes;

    using System.Net;

    using System.IO;

    using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;

    using System.Threading;

    namespace SLDemo16JOSN

    {

       public partial class MainPage : UserControl

        {

           public MainPage()

           {

               InitializeComponent();

           }

           private void UserControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

           {

               Uri endpoint = newUri("http://localhost:8081/BlogHandler.ashx");

               WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(endpoint);

               request.Method = "POST";

               request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

               request.BeginGetResponse(new AsyncCallback(ResponseReady), request);

           }

           void ResponseReady(IAsyncResult asyncResult)

           {

               WebRequest request = asyncResult.AsyncState as WebRequest;

               WebResponse response = request.EndGetResponse(asyncResult);

               using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())

               {

                    DataContractJsonSerializerjsonSerializer =

                        newDataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Blog));

                    Blog blog =jsonSerializer.ReadObject(responseStream) as Blog;

                    //Posts.ItemsSource = blog.Posts;

                    //new Thread(() => {Posts.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => Posts.ItemsSource = blog.Posts);}).Start();

                    Posts.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(()=> Posts.ItemsSource = blog.Posts);

               }

           }

        }

    }

    可能是因为Handler在浏览器中出错的原因吧,在sl页面数据赋值的时候用原来的:

    //Posts.ItemsSource = blog.Posts;就会出现数据为空的情况。

    具体原因我不了解,不过有人给出了如下两种解决方法:

    new Thread(() => {Posts.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => Posts.ItemsSource = blog.Posts);}).Start();

                   或 Posts.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => Posts.ItemsSource =blog.Posts);

    总结:

           这个JSON以前没接触过,以后也不一定接触多少。我认为学习这个主要不是记住这篇中每一句代码应该怎么写,而是以后遇到时我只知道用JSON需要怎么序列化和怎么反序列化格式,具体的代码可以网上查一查。已经学了几篇的数据通信部分了,其实好多东西差不多,服务器端不是Handler,就是Service,数据先要封装序列化,然后再反序列化显示。但我觉得就凭我这并不聪明的脑袋,记住所有的使用方法是有困难的,但记住他们的区别和关键特征还是有可能的。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yaoge/p/1822604.html
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