Alertmanager接收到的告警的数据结构:
type Alert struct { Status string `json:"status"` Labels KV `json:"labels"` Annotations KV `json:"annotations"` StartsAt time.Time `json:"startsAt"` EndsAt time.Time `json:"endsAt"` GeneratorURL string `json:"generatorURL"` Fingerprint string `json:"fingerprint"` }
具有相同Lable的Alert才会被认为是同一种。在prometheus rules文件配置的一条规则可能会产生多种报警
Alertmanager启动时,使用--config.file参数指定一份配置文件。
- 全局配置
global: # The default SMTP From header field. [ smtp_from: <tmpl_string> ] # The default SMTP smarthost used for sending emails, including port number. # Port number usually is 25, or 587 for SMTP over TLS (sometimes referred to as STARTTLS). # Example: smtp.example.org:587 [ smtp_smarthost: <string> ] # The default hostname to identify to the SMTP server. [ smtp_hello: <string> | default = "localhost" ] # SMTP Auth using CRAM-MD5, LOGIN and PLAIN. If empty, Alertmanager doesn't authenticate to the SMTP server. [ smtp_auth_username: <string> ] # SMTP Auth using LOGIN and PLAIN. [ smtp_auth_password: <secret> ] # SMTP Auth using PLAIN. [ smtp_auth_identity: <string> ] # SMTP Auth using CRAM-MD5. [ smtp_auth_secret: <secret> ] # The default SMTP TLS requirement. # Note that Go does not support unencrypted connections to remote SMTP endpoints. [ smtp_require_tls: <bool> | default = true ] # The API URL to use for Slack notifications. [ slack_api_url: <secret> ] [ slack_api_url_file: <filepath> ] [ victorops_api_key: <secret> ] [ victorops_api_url: <string> | default = "https://alert.victorops.com/integrations/generic/20131114/alert/" ] [ pagerduty_url: <string> | default = "https://events.pagerduty.com/v2/enqueue" ] [ opsgenie_api_key: <secret> ] [ opsgenie_api_url: <string> | default = "https://api.opsgenie.com/" ] [ wechat_api_url: <string> | default = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/" ] [ wechat_api_secret: <secret> ] [ wechat_api_corp_id: <string> ] # The default HTTP client configuration [ http_config: <http_config> ] # 告警的解决时间,超时还未解决会重发告警 [ resolve_timeout: <duration> | default = 5m ]
- templates
- route
route被组织成routing tree。
告警首先走到根节点,其必须match所有告警
此后match到某个节点之后依次走到所有子节点。
receiver:根据receiver的name把告警送到receiver
group_by:此处填写标签的key,根据key将Alert分组,同一组的组合到一起发给receiver
continue:告警与子route匹配之后是否应该往下走
match和matchers:key-value的匹配规则
group_wait:一个新group的告警被构建出来后,等待若干时间再发送。期间有新的告警的话都组合到一起。
group_interval:已有group的告警,等待若干时间再发送。
repeat_interval:等待若干时间后重新发送
mute_time_intervals:覆盖全局的mute_time_intervals配置
routes:指定若干个子route
- receivers
配置文件中,指定receiver,将相应的报警信息发送到webhook、邮件、钉钉等
receivers: - name: <name> xxx_configs:
xxx可以是email、pagerduty、pushover、slack、opsgenie、webhook、victorops、wechat
- inhibit_rules
告警抑制规则
示例:
"inhibit_rules":
- "equal":
- "namespace"
- "alertname"
"source_match":
"severity": "critical"
"target_match_re":
"severity": "warning|info"
- "equal":
- "namespace"
- "alertname"
"source_match":
"severity": "warning"
"target_match_re":
"severity": "info"
- mute_time_intervals
告警静默规则:
mute_time_interval: - name: <string> time_intervals: [ - <time_interval> ... ]
处理流程:
(1)接收到Alert,根据labels判断属于哪些Route(可存在多个Route,一个Route有多个Group,一个Group有多个Alert)
(2)将Alert分配到Group中,没有则新建Group
组合后的告警数据结构为:
type Data struct { Receiver string `json:"receiver"` Status string `json:"status"` Alerts Alerts `json:"alerts"` GroupLabels KV `json:"groupLabels"` CommonLabels KV `json:"commonLabels"` CommonAnnotations KV `json:"commonAnnotations"` ExternalURL string `json:"externalURL"` }
(3)新的Group等待group_wait指定的时间(等待时可能收到同一Group的Alert),根据resolve_timeout判断Alert是否解决,然后发送通知
(4)已有的Group等待group_interval指定的时间,判断Alert是否解决,当上次发送通知到现在的间隔大于repeat_interval或者Group有更新时会发送通知