视图组件和认证组件

1.使用mixin和generics类编写视图 

from rest_framework.mixins import CreateModelMixin, ListModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, 
    UpdateModelMixin
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView


class BooksView(CreateModelMixin, ListModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    serializer_class = BookSerializer
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)


class BookView(UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    serializer_class = BookSerializer
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)

2.使用generics 下ListCreateAPIView,RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView 编写视图

from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView, RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView


class BooksView(ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer


class BookView(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

3. 使用ModelViewSet 编写视图

url配置:
url(r'^books/(?P<pk>d+)', views.BooksView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),
url(r'^books/$', views.BooksView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
views层:
# 使用ModelViewSet
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet

class BooksView(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

4.ViewSetMixin的使用

url 配置
 url(r'^test/', views.Publish.as_view({
        'get': 'get_all', 'post': 'create_one', 'put': 'update', 'delete': 'delete'
    })),

views:
from rest_framework.viewsets import ViewSetMixin


class Publish(ViewSetMixin, APIView):
    def get_all(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('get_all')

    def create_one(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('create_one')

    def update(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('update')

    def delete(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('delete')

5. 认证组件

drf认证组件源码实现
'''
1: APIView的dispach方法
2.self.initial(request, *args, **kwargs)方法
3. self.perform_authentication(request)[认证]
4.def perform_authentication(self, request)
5. request.user-> Request(request为dispach中替换过的新的request)
6.Request中找到user
7.self._authenticate()[self是新的request对象]
8.Request类的_authenticate(self)方法，深度
'''

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.exceptions import AuthenticationFailed
import uuid
from rest_framework.request import Request


class CheckLogin():
    def authenticate(self, request):
        token = request.GET.get('token')
        ret = models.UserToken.objects.filter(token=token).first()
        if ret:
            return None
        else:
            raise AuthenticationFailed('验证失败')

    def authenticate_header(self, request):
        pass


class BooksView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = [CheckLogin]

    def get(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('ok')


class Login(APIView):
    def post(self, request):
        response = {
            'status': 100,
            'msg': None
        }
        name = request.data.get('name')
        pwd = request.data.get('pwd')
        # 数据库校验该用户是否存在
        user = models.User.objects.filter(name=name, pwd=pwd).first()
        if user:
            # 正常返回登录成功, 返回唯一token
            token = uuid.uuid4()
            ret = models.UserToken.objects.update_or_create(user=user, defaults={'token': token})
            response['msg'] = '登录成功'
            response['token'] = token
        else:
            response['msg'] = '登录失败'
            response['status'] = 101
        return Response(response)