在一般的业务都是前端去请求后台来获取数据，每次的请求都是短连接，但是要实现后台向前端发送数据需要用到长连接，或极速推送，或websocket。极速推送就是后台将数据发送到极速推送服务器上，然后极速推送服务器再把数据发送到对应的安卓前端。
极光推送需要公司申请开发者服务，申请成功后需提供给后台appKey和masterSecret.
极光推送有两种方式：第一种：官方提供的第三方Java SDK ；第二种：官方提供的推送请求API
Maven项目需要导入的依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.jpush.api</groupId>
<artifactId>jiguang-common</artifactId>
<version>1.0.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.jpush.api</groupId>
<artifactId>jpush-client</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.3</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.Final</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>15.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
<version>1.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Test Dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.26</version>
</dependency>
<!-- net.sf.json.JSONObject-->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
第一种：Java SDK 代码
public class JiguangPushSdk{
private static String appKey = "633xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx7";
private static String masterSecret = "6f6xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxc";
private static final String ALERT = "123456"; //ALERT推送给极光服务器的信息
/**
* 极光推送
*/
public void jiguangPush(){
String alias = "123456";//声明别名 针对手机APP用户
log.info("对别名" + alias + "的用户推送信息");
PushResult result = push(String.valueOf(alias),ALERT);
if(result != null && result.isResultOK()){
log.info("针对别名" + alias + "的信息推送成功！");
}else{
log.info("针对别名" + alias + "的信息推送失败！");
}
}
/**
* 生成极光推送对象PushPayload（采用java SDK）
* @param alias
* @param alert
* @return PushPayload
*/
public static PushPayload buildPushObject_android_ios_alias_alert(String alias,String alert){
return PushPayload.newBuilder()
.setPlatform(Platform.android_ios()) //Platform.all()所有平台的用户
.setAudience(Audience.all()) //Audience.all() 发给所有用户 Audience.alias(alias)发给该用户alias
.setNotification(Notification.newBuilder()
.addPlatformNotification(AndroidNotification.newBuilder()
.addExtra("type", "infomation")
.setAlert(alert)
.build())
.addPlatformNotification(IosNotification.newBuilder()
.addExtra("type", "infomation")
.setAlert(alert)
.build())
.build())
.setOptions(Options.newBuilder()
.setApnsProduction(false)//true-推送生产环境 false-推送开发环境（测试使用参数）
.setTimeToLive(86400)//消息在JPush服务器的失效时间（测试使用参数） 86400表示有效时间是一天
.build())
.build();
}
/**
* 极光推送方法(采用java SDK)
* @param alias
* @param alert
* @return PushResult
*/
public static PushResult push(String alias,String alert){
ClientConfig clientConfig = ClientConfig.getInstance();
JPushClient jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, null, clientConfig);
PushPayload payload = buildPushObject_android_ios_alias_alert(alias,alert);
try {
return jpushClient.sendPush(payload);
} catch (APIConnectionException e) {
log.error("Connection error. Should retry later. ", e);
return null;
} catch (APIRequestException e) {
log.error("Error response from JPush server. Should review and fix it. ", e);
log.info("HTTP Status: " + e.getStatus());
log.info("Error Code: " + e.getErrorCode());
log.info("Error Message: " + e.getErrorMessage());
log.info("Msg ID: " + e.getMsgId());
return null;
}
}
}
第二种 API
package com.jiguang.api;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
@SuppressWarnings({ "restriction", "deprecation" })
public class JiguangPushApi{
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JiguangPushApi.class);
private static String appKey = "63xxxxxxxxxad7";
private static String masterSecret = "6fxxxxxxxxxxxxxxc";
private String pushUrl = "https://api.jpush.cn/v3/push";
private boolean apns_production = true; //True 表示推送生产环境，False 表示要推送开发环境； 如果不指定则为推送生产环境。
private int time_to_live = 86400; //0，表示不接受离线数据。86400表示离线数据保留一天
private static final String ALERT = "推送信息";
/**
* 极光推送
*/
public void JiguangPushApi(){
String alias = "123456";//声明别名
try{
String result = push(pushUrl,alias,ALERT,appKey,masterSecret,apns_production,time_to_live);
JSONObject resData = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
if(resData.containsKey("error")){
log.info("针对别名为" + alias + "的信息推送失败！");
JSONObject error = JSONObject.fromObject(resData.get("error"));
log.info("错误信息为：" + error.get("message").toString());
}
log.info("针对别名为" + alias + "的信息推送成功！");
}catch(Exception e){
log.error("针对别名为" + alias + "的信息推送失败！",e);
}
}
/**
* 组装极光推送专用json串
* @param alias
* @param alert
* @return json
*/
public static JSONObject generateJson(String alias,String alert,boolean apns_production,int time_to_live){
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
JSONArray platform = new JSONArray();//平台
platform.add("android");
platform.add("ios");
JSONObject audience = new JSONObject();//推送目标
JSONArray alias1 = new JSONArray();
alias1.add(alias);
audience.put("alias", alias1);
//JSONArray audience2 = new JSONArray();
// audience2.add("all");
JSONObject notification = new JSONObject();//通知内容
JSONObject android = new JSONObject();//android通知内容
android.put("alert", alert);
android.put("builder_id", 1);
JSONObject android_extras = new JSONObject();//android额外参数
android_extras.put("type", "infomation");
android.put("extras", android_extras);
JSONObject ios = new JSONObject();//ios通知内容
ios.put("alert", alert);
ios.put("sound", "default");
ios.put("badge", "+1");
JSONObject ios_extras = new JSONObject();//ios额外参数
ios_extras.put("type", "infomation");
ios.put("extras", ios_extras);
notification.put("android", android);
notification.put("ios", ios);
JSONObject options = new JSONObject();//设置参数
options.put("time_to_live", Integer.valueOf(time_to_live));
options.put("apns_production", apns_production);
json.put("platform", platform);
json.put("audience", audience);
json.put("notification", notification);
json.put("options", options);
return json;
}
/**
* 推送方法-调用极光API
* @param reqUrl
* @param alias
* @param alert
* @return result
*/
public static String push(String reqUrl,String alias,String alert,String appKey,String masterSecret,boolean apns_production,int time_to_live){
String base64_auth_string = encryptBASE64(appKey + ":" + masterSecret);
String authorization = "Basic " + base64_auth_string;
return sendPostRequest(reqUrl,generateJson(alias,alert,apns_production,time_to_live).toString(),"UTF-8",authorization);
}
/**
* 发送Post请求（json格式）
* @param reqURL
* @param data
* @param encodeCharset
* @param authorization
* @return result
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "resource" })
public static String sendPostRequest(String reqURL, String data, String encodeCharset,String authorization){
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(reqURL);
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response = null;
String result = "";
try {
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(data, encodeCharset);
entity.setContentType("application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
httpPost.setHeader("Authorization",authorization.trim());
response = client.execute(httpPost);
result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), encodeCharset);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("请求通信[" + reqURL + "]时偶遇异常,堆栈轨迹如下", e);
}finally{
client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return result;
}
/**
* BASE64加密工具
*/
public static String encryptBASE64(String str) {
byte[] key = str.getBytes();
BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
String strs = base64Encoder.encodeBuffer(key);
return strs;
}
}