• WebBench


    转自:https://blog.csdn.net/z_xiao_xue/article/details/76099899

    WebBench的下载安装
    1.下载

    
    

    命令:wget http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/distfiles/webbench-1.5.tar.gz

    
    

    2.解压缩

    
    

    命令:tar zxvf webbench-1.5.tar.gz

    
    

    3.进入webbench目录文件

    
    

    命令:cd webbench

    
    

    4.安装

    
    

    命令1:make

    
    

    命令2:make install

    
    

    5.运行

    
    

    webbench -c 10 -t 20 http://www.baidu.com/

    
    

    WebBench的主要工作原理

    WebBench中各函数的流程及功能
    1.build_request()函数------生成HTTP请求
    获取请求方法
    添加空行
    判断URL
    获取代理服务器的ip和端口号
    获取http版本
    2.bench()函数------创建各子进程以发送http请求,并收集统计数据
    检测目标服务器是否可以连接,使用connect()
    创建一对管道,使用mypipe
    创建指定个数的clients的子进程,使用fork()
    在子进程中:调用benchcore()执行测试
          向管道写入三项数据,成功次数,失败次数,字节数
    在父进程中:循环clients次,从管道读入子进程的三项数据
            汇总三项数据总和
    打印统计结果
    benchcore()函数------(在子进程中)反复发送http请求
    设置信号,安装闹钟
    循环,直到服务器超时
    连接服务器,获取fd,更改失败次数
    写入http请求,更改失败次数
    对HTTP0.9版本做特殊处理
    等服务器响应,反复从fd读入相应数据,累加,失败的话更改失败次数
    关闭fd
    更改成功次数

    详细源码剖析
    webbench.c

    /*
     * (C) Radim Kolar 1997-2004
     * This is free software, see GNU Public License version 2 for
     * details.
     *
     * Simple forking WWW Server benchmark:
     *
     * Usage:
     *   webbench --help
     *
     * Return codes:
     *    0 - sucess
     *    1 - benchmark failed (server is not on-line)
     *    2 - bad param
     *    3 - internal error, fork failed
     * 
     */ 
    #include "socket.c"
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <sys/param.h>
    #include <rpc/types.h>
    #include <getopt.h>
    #include <strings.h>
    #include <time.h>
    #include <signal.h>
     
    #define METHOD_GET 0
    #define METHOD_HEAD 1
    #define METHOD_OPTIONS 2
    #define METHOD_TRACE 3
    #define PROGRAM_VERSION "1.5"
    #define REQUEST_SIZE 2048
     
    /* values */
    volatile int timerexpired=0;//判断压测试时长是否已经达到设定时间
    int speed=0;//进程成功得到服务器相应的数量
    int failed=0;//失败的数量(speed代表成功,failed代表失败)
    int bytes=0;//进程成功从服务器读取的字节数
     
    /* globals */
    int http10=1; /* http版本,0代表http/0.9, 1代表http/1.0, 2代表http/1.1 */
     
    /*请求方法:GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE */
     
    int method=METHOD_GET;//默认为GET方法
    int clients=1;        //发起请求的客户端数目,默认为1,可以通过-c/-client选项设置
    int force=0;            //是否需要等待读取从server返回的数据,0表示等待读取
    int force_reload=0;    //是否使用缓存,1表示不缓存,0表示缓存-----是否重新请求
    int proxyport=80;        //代理服务器端口号
    char *proxyhost=NULL;//代理服务器IP,初始化为NULL
    int benchtime=30;        //压测时间,默认为30秒,可以通过-t/-time选项设置
     
    /* internal */
    int mypipe[2];
    char host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];    //服务器端ip
    char request[REQUEST_SIZE];    //保存请求报文,(请求行,请求报头,空行,请求正文)
     
    /*
    struct option {
        const char *name;
        int has_arg;
        int *flag;
        int val;
    };
    struct option结构体中元素解释如下:
    1.const char *name;    //选项名
    2.int has_arg;        //描述长选项是否有选项参数
    has_arg有3个值,
    符号常量             数值            含义
    no_argument          0        表示该选项后面不跟参数值,
    required_argument  1        表示该选项后面一定跟参数值,        
    optional_argument  2        表示该选项后面可以跟,也可以不跟参数值
    3.int* flag;            //用来决定,getopt_long()的返回值到底是什么,
    如果flag为NULL,则函数会返回与该项option匹配的val值,
    如果flag不是NULL,则将val值赋予flag所指向的内存,并且返回0
    4.int val;            //如果flag为NULL,那么val通常是个字符常量,
    如果短选项与长选项一致,那么该字符就应该与optstring中出现的这个选项的参数相同
    */
     
    //struct option结构体初始化
    static const struct option long_options[]=
    {
     {"force",no_argument,&force,1},
     {"reload",no_argument,&force_reload,1},
     {"time",required_argument,NULL,'t'},
     {"help",no_argument,NULL,'?'},
     {"http09",no_argument,NULL,'9'},
     {"http10",no_argument,NULL,'1'},
     {"http11",no_argument,NULL,'2'},
     {"get",no_argument,&method,METHOD_GET},
     {"head",no_argument,&method,METHOD_HEAD},
     {"options",no_argument,&method,METHOD_OPTIONS},
     {"trace",no_argument,&method,METHOD_TRACE},
     {"version",no_argument,NULL,'V'},
     {"proxy",required_argument,NULL,'p'},
     {"clients",required_argument,NULL,'c'},
     {NULL,0,NULL,0}
    };
     
    /* prototypes */
    static void benchcore(const char* host,const int port, const char *request);
    static int bench(void);
    static void build_request(const char *url);
     
    /*信号处理函数,当测试时间完成时产生SIGALARM信号,,调用此函数,将timerexpried置为1,表示子进程需要退出
    在后面的函数调用时会看到,在程序的while循环中会不断检测此值,只有timerexpired为1时,程序才会跳出while循环
    并返回*/
    static void alarm_handler(int signal)
    {
       timerexpired=1;//timerexpired:判断压测时长是否已经达到设定时间
    }    
     
    /*
    usage函数:webbench用法介绍
        -f|--force               不需要等待服务器响应
        -r|--reload              发送重新加载请求
        -t|--time <sec>          运行多长时间,单位是秒
        -p|--proxy <server:port> 使用代理服务器发送请求
        -c|--clients <n>         创建多少个客户端
        -9|--http09              使用HTTP/0.9
        -1|--http10              使用HTTP/1.0协议
        -2|--http11              使用HTTP/1.1协议
        --get                    使用GET方法请求
        --head                   使用HEAD方法请求
        --options                使用OPTIONS方法请求
        --trace                  使用TRACE方法请求
        -?|-h|--help             打印帮助信息
        -V|--version               显示版本号
    */
     
    static void usage(void)
    {
       fprintf(stderr,
        "webbench [option]... URL
    "
        "  -f|--force               Don't wait for reply from server.
    "
        "  -r|--reload              Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.
    "
        "  -t|--time <sec>          Run benchmark for <sec> seconds. Default 30.
    "
        "  -p|--proxy <server:port> Use proxy server for request.
    "
        "  -c|--clients <n>         Run <n> HTTP clients at once. Default one.
    "
        "  -9|--http09              Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.
    "
        "  -1|--http10              Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.
    "
        "  -2|--http11              Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.
    "
        "  --get                    Use GET request method.
    "
        "  --head                   Use HEAD request method.
    "
        "  --options                Use OPTIONS request method.
    "
        "  --trace                  Use TRACE request method.
    "
        "  -?|-h|--help             This information.
    "
        "  -V|--version             Display program version.
    "
        );
    };
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
        int opt=0;
        int options_index=0;
        char *tmp=NULL;
     
        if(argc==1)
        {
            usage();
            return 2;
        } 
     
     /*getopt_long函数
    函数功能:用来解析命令行参数,参数argc和argv分别代表参数个数和内容,跟main函数里的命令行参数一样
    int getopt_long(int argc, char* argv[], const char* optstring, const struct option* longopts, int* longindex);
    参数optstring:为选项字符串,告诉getopt可以处理那个选项以及哪个选项需要参数,如果选项字符串里的字母接着冒号: ":",
    则表示还有相关的参数,全局变量optarg即会指向此额外参数,如果在处理期间遇到了不符合optstring指定的其它选项,
    getopt将会显示一个错误消息,并将全局变量设置为"?"字符将全局变量设置为0则不会打印出错信息。
    返回值:每次调用该函数,它都会分析一个选项,并且返回它的短选项,如果分析完毕,即没有选项了,则会返回-1
    */
        while((opt=getopt_long(argc,argv,"912Vfrt:p:c:?h",long_options,&options_index))!=EOF )
        {
         /*
         #include<unistd.h>
         extern char* optarg;//选项的参数指针
         extern int optind;  //下一次调用getopt_long时,从optind存储的位置处重新开始检查选项
         extern int opterr;  //当opterr=0时,getopt_long不向stderr输出错误信息
         extern int optopt;  //当命令行选项字符不包括在optstring中或缺少必要参数时,该选项存储在optopt中,
                             getopt_long返回'?'*/
            switch(opt)
            {
            case  0 : break;
            case 'f': force=1;break;
            case 'r': force_reload=1;break; 
            case '9': http10=0;break;
            case '1': http10=1;break;
            case '2': http10=2;break;
            case 'V': printf(PROGRAM_VERSION"
    ");exit(0);
            case 't': benchtime=atoi(optarg);break;         //optarg是选项的参数指针,-t选项后跟的是运行时长
            case 'p': //返回字符'p',说明使用代理服务器
             /* proxy server parsing server:port */
             /*代理服务器解析:IP:Port  eg: 192.168.237.128:8080  */
                tmp=strrchr(optarg,':');//tmp = ":8080"
                proxyhost=optarg;
                if(tmp==NULL)
                {
                    break;
                }
                if(tmp==optarg)//tmp == ":8080" == optorg 没有主机IP,只有端口号
                {
                    fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s: Missing hostname.
    ",optarg);
                    return 2;
                }
                if(tmp==optarg+strlen(optarg)-1)//org == "192.168.237.128:" == tmp, 没有代理服务器端口号
                {
                    fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s Port number is missing.
    ",optarg);
                    return 2;
                }
                *tmp='';//正常情况 tmp = ":8080" tmp+1 = "8080"
                proxyport=atoi(tmp+1);
                break;
            case ':':
            case 'h':
            case '?': usage();return 2;break;//getopt_long在分析选项时,遇到一个没有定义过的选项,则返回值为'?'
            case 'c': clients=atoi(optarg);break; //这时,optarg指向的参数信息是客户端数目
            }
        }
        if(optind==argc)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"webbench: Missing URL!
    ");
            usage();
            return 2;
        }
        
        if(clients==0)
            clients=1;
        if(benchtime==0)
            benchtime=60;
     /* Copyright */
        fprintf(stderr,"Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark "PROGRAM_VERSION"
    ""Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.
    ");
     
        build_request(argv[optind]);//argv[optind]=URL,构造请求报头
     /* print bench info */
     //打印测试的相关信息
        printf("
    Benchmarking: ");
        switch(method)
        {
        case METHOD_GET:
        default:
            printf("GET");break;
        case METHOD_OPTIONS:
            printf("OPTIONS");break;
        case METHOD_HEAD:
            printf("HEAD");break;
        case METHOD_TRACE:
            printf("TRACE");break;
        }
        printf(" %s",argv[optind]);
        switch(http10)
        {
        case 0: printf(" (using HTTP/0.9)");break;
        case 2: printf(" (using HTTP/1.1)");break;
        }
        printf("
    ");
        if(clients==1) 
            printf("1 client");
        else
            printf("%d clients",clients);
     
        printf(", running %d sec", benchtime);
        if(force) 
            printf(", early socket close");
        if(proxyhost!=NULL) 
            printf(", via proxy server %s:%d",proxyhost,proxyport);
        if(force_reload) 
            printf(", forcing reload");
        
        printf(".
    ");
     
     //核心代码
        return bench();
    }
     
    //构造请求报头
    void build_request(const char *url)
    {
        char tmp[10];
        int i;
     
      /*int bzero(void* s, size_t n);将内存块(字符串s)中的前n个字节置为0,包括''*/
        bzero(host,MAXHOSTNAMELEN);
        bzero(request,REQUEST_SIZE);
     
      //设置http版本信息
        if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL && http10<1) http10=1;
        if(method==METHOD_HEAD && http10<1) http10=1;
        if(method==METHOD_OPTIONS && http10<2) http10=2;
        if(method==METHOD_TRACE && http10<2) http10=2;
     
      //获得请求方法
        switch(method)
        {
        default:
        case METHOD_GET: strcpy(request,"GET");break;
        case METHOD_HEAD: strcpy(request,"HEAD");break;
        case METHOD_OPTIONS: strcpy(request,"OPTIONS");break;
        case METHOD_TRACE: strcpy(request,"TRACE");break;
        }
        strcat(request," ");
     
        if(NULL==strstr(url,"://"))
        {
            fprintf(stderr, "
    %s: is not a valid URL.
    ",url);
            exit(2);
        }
        if(strlen(url)>1500)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"URL is too long.
    ");
            exit(2);
        }
        if(proxyhost==NULL)
            if (0!=strncasecmp("http://",url,7)) 
            {
                fprintf(stderr,"
    Only HTTP protocol is directly supported, set --proxy for others.
    ");
                exit(2);
            }
      /* protocol/host delimiter */
      // eg: url = "http://www.baidu.com/" --- i = 4-0+3 = 7 这时i指向第一个w的位置
            i=strstr(url,"://")-url+3;
     
      /* printf("%d
    ",i); */
      //此时url+i = "www.baidu.com/", 寻找'/'是否是url+i的子串,因为主机名必须以'/'结尾
            if(strchr(url+i,'/')==NULL) 
            {
                fprintf(stderr,"
    Invalid URL syntax - hostname don't ends with '/'.
    ");
                exit(2);
            }
            if(proxyhost==NULL)//没有代理主机
            {
            /* get port from hostname */
            /* index(s, c)函数返回c在s中第一次出现的位置*/
                if(index(url+i,':')!=NULL && index(url+i,':')<index(url+i,'/'))//有代理主机端口号
                {
                    //eg:http://www.baidu.com/:8080  strchr(str,val)查找字符串str中首次出现val的位置 
                    //把url+i位置开始的21-0-7=14个字符赋值给host host=www.baidu.com/
                    strncpy(host,url+i,strchr(url+i,':')-url-i);
                    //清空tmp的前10个字节位置     
                    bzero(tmp,10);
                    //将端口号放到tmp中去
                    strncpy(tmp,index(url+i,':')+1,strchr(url+i,'/')-index(url+i,':')-1);
                    /* printf("tmp=%s
    ",tmp); */
                    proxyport=atoi(tmp);    //将端口号赋值给roxyport
                    if(proxyport==0) proxyport=80;
                } 
                else//没有端口号 eg: http://www.baidu.com/
                {
                    strncpy(host,url+i,strcspn(url+i,"/"));
                }
                // printf("Host=%s
    ",host);
                //#############################################
                //why here using request+strlen(request)?
                strcat(request+strlen(request),url+i+strcspn(url+i,"/"));
            } 
            else //有代理主机
            {
                // printf("ProxyHost=%s
    ProxyPort=%d
    ",proxyhost,proxyport);
                strcat(request,url);
            }
            if(http10==1)
                strcat(request," HTTP/1.0");
            else if (http10==2)
                strcat(request," HTTP/1.1");
            strcat(request,"
    ");
            if(http10>0)
                strcat(request,"User-Agent: WebBench "PROGRAM_VERSION"
    ");
            if(proxyhost==NULL && http10>0)
            {
                strcat(request,"Host: ");
                strcat(request,host);
                strcat(request,"
    ");
            }
            if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL)
            {
                strcat(request,"Pragma: no-cache
    ");
            }
            //添加Connection:close连接为短连接,一次连接即时关闭
            if(http10>1)
                strcat(request,"Connection: close
    ");
            /* add empty line at end */
            //添加空行
            if(http10>0) 
                strcat(request,"
    "); 
            // printf("Req=%s
    ",request);
    }
     
    /* vraci system rc error kod */
    static int bench(void)
    {
        int i,j,k;    
        pid_t pid=0;
        FILE *f;
     
      /* check avaibility of target server */
      //调用socket.c代码,建立一次TCP连接
        i=Socket(proxyhost==NULL?host:proxyhost,proxyport);
        if(i<0)
        { 
            fprintf(stderr,"
    Connect to server failed. Aborting benchmark.
    ");
            return 1;
        }
     
        //why close i?
        close(i);
        /* create pipe */
        if(pipe(mypipe))
        {
            perror("pipe failed.");
            return 3;
        }
     
        /* not needed, since we have alarm() in childrens */
         /* wait 4 next system clock tick */
         /*
         cas=time(NULL);
         while(time(NULL)==cas)
              sched_yield();
         */
     
         /* fork childs */
        //fork出clients个子进程
        for(i=0;i<clients;i++)
        {
            pid=fork();
            if(pid <= (pid_t) 0)
            {
               /* child process or error*/
                sleep(1); /* make childs faster */
                break;
            }
        }
     
        if( pid< (pid_t) 0)
        {
            fprintf(stderr,"problems forking worker no. %d
    ",i);
            perror("fork failed.");
            return 3;
        }
     
        if(pid== (pid_t) 0)
        {
            /* I am a child */
            if(proxyhost==NULL)
                benchcore(host,proxyport,request);
            else
                benchcore(proxyhost,proxyport,request);
     
            /* write results to pipe */
            //子进程把测试结果输出到管道
            f=fdopen(mypipe[1],"w");
            if(f==NULL)
            {
                perror("open pipe for writing failed.");
                return 3;
            }
            /* fprintf(stderr,"Child - %d %d
    ",speed,failed); */
            fprintf(f,"%d %d %d
    ",speed,failed,bytes);
            fclose(f);
            return 0;
        } 
        else//如果是父进程,从管道读出数据,并汇总数据信息
        {
            f=fdopen(mypipe[0],"r");
            if(f==NULL) 
            {
                perror("open pipe for reading failed.");
                return 3;
            }
            //设置缓冲区,_IONBF表示没有缓存
            setvbuf(f,NULL,_IONBF,0);
            speed=0;
            failed=0;
            bytes=0;
     
            while(1)
            {
                pid=fscanf(f,"%d %d %d",&i,&j,&k);
                if(pid<2)
                {
                    fprintf(stderr,"Some of our childrens died.
    ");
                    break;
                }
                speed+=i;
                failed+=j;
                bytes+=k;
                /* fprintf(stderr,"*Knock* %d %d read=%d
    ",speed,failed,pid); */
                //记录读了多少个子进程的数据,读完就退出
                if(--clients==0)
                    break;
            }
            fclose(f);
     
          //将结果打印在屏幕上
            printf("
    Speed=%d pages/min, %d bytes/sec.
    Requests: %d susceed, %d failed.
    ",
                (int)((speed+failed)/(benchtime/60.0f)),
                (int)(bytes/(float)benchtime),speed,failed);
        }
        return i;
    }
     
    void benchcore(const char *host,const int port,const char *req)
    {
        int rlen;
        char buf[1500];//保存服务器的响应报文
        int s,i;
        struct sigaction sa;
     
        /* setup alarm signal handler 注册SIGARALM信号的信号处理函数*/
        sa.sa_handler=alarm_handler;
        sa.sa_flags=0;
        if(sigaction(SIGALRM,&sa,NULL))
            exit(3);
        alarm(benchtime);    //设置闹钟,超时发送SIGARALM信号
     
        rlen=strlen(req);    //计算请求报文的长度
    nexttry:while(1)
            {
                if(timerexpired)//一旦超时,则返回
                {
                    if(failed>0)
                    {
                    /* fprintf(stderr,"Correcting failed by signal
    "); */
                        failed--;
                    }
                    return;
                }
     
                s=Socket(host,port);                          
                if(s<0)
                { 
                    failed++;
                    continue;
                } 
            //向服务器发出请求
                if(rlen!=write(s,req,rlen))
                {
                    failed++;
                    close(s);
                    continue;
                }
                if(http10==0) //针对http0.9做的特殊处理
                    if(shutdown(s,1)) //调用shutdown函数使客户端不能呢向服务器发送请求,成功-->0,失败-->-1
                    { 
                        failed++;
                        close(s);
                        continue;
                    }
     
                    if(force==0) //force==0 等待从server返回的数据
                    {
                    /* read all available data from socket */
                        while(1)
                        {
                            if(timerexpired) 
                                break; 
                            i=read(s,buf,1500);//读取从服务器返回的数据,保存到buf中
                    /* fprintf(stderr,"%d
    ",i); */
                            if(i<0) 
                            { 
                                failed++;
                                close(s);
                                goto nexttry;
                            }
                            else
                                if(i==0) 
                                    break;
                                else
                                    bytes+=i;
                        }
                    }
                    if(close(s)) 
                    {
                        failed++;
                        continue;
                    }
                    speed++;
            }
    }

     Socket.c

    /* $Id: socket.c 1.1 1995/01/01 07:11:14 cthuang Exp $
     *
     * This module has been modified by Radim Kolar for OS/2 emx
     */
     
    /***********************************************************************
      module:       socket.c
      program:      popclient
      SCCS ID:      @(#)socket.c    1.5  4/1/94
      programmer:   Virginia Tech Computing Center
      compiler:     DEC RISC C compiler (Ultrix 4.1)
      environment:  DEC Ultrix 4.3 
      description:  UNIX sockets code.
     ***********************************************************************/
     
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>
    #include <netdb.h>
    #include <sys/time.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <stdarg.h>
     
    int Socket(const char *host, int clientPort)
    {
        int sock;
        unsigned long inaddr;
        struct sockaddr_in ad;
        struct hostent *hp;
        
        //初始化地址,
        memset(&ad, 0, sizeof(ad));
        ad.sin_family = AF_INET;
     
        //尝试把主机名转化为数字,出错返回INADDR_NONE
        inaddr = inet_addr(host);
        if (inaddr != INADDR_NONE)
            memcpy(&ad.sin_addr, &inaddr, sizeof(inaddr));
        else
        {
            hp = gethostbyname(host);//获取ip地址
            if (hp == NULL)
                return -1;
            memcpy(&ad.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length);
        }
        ad.sin_port = htons(clientPort);
        
        //建立socket
        sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
        if (sock < 0)
            return sock;
        //进行连接
        if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&ad, sizeof(ad)) < 0)
            return -1;
        return sock;
    }
     
  • 相关阅读:
    多线程中thread和runnable
    安装hive 个人遇到的问题小问题
    Linux 简单命令学习记录
    shell脚本简单学习教训经验
    @AutoWired使用
    <jsp:directive.page>标签
    Hibernate session.saveOrUpdate()方法
    无法连接远程mysql问题
    svn版本控制
    Hql中占位符(转)
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yangqimo/p/9990118.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知