在重载输出输入运算符的时候,只能采用全局函数的方式(因为我们不能在ostream和istream类中编写成员函数),这里才是友元函数真正的应用场景。对于输出运算符,主要负责打印对象的内容而非控制格式,输出运算符不应该打印换行符;对于输入运算符,必须处理可能失败的情况(通常处理输入失败为默认构造函数的形式),而输出运算符不需要。
1 #include<iostream>
2 using namespace std;
3 class Test {
4 friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &out, Test &obj);
5 friend istream & operator >> (istream &in, Test &obj);
6 public:
7 Test(int a = 0, int b = 0)
8 {
9 this->a = a;
10 this->b = b;
11 }
12 void display()
13 {
14 cout << "a:" << a << " b:" << b << endl;
15 }
16 public:
17
18
19 private:
20 int a;
21 int b;
22 };
23 ostream & operator<<(ostream &out, Test &obj)
24 {
25 out << obj.a << " " << obj.b;
26 return out;
27 }
28 istream & operator>>(istream &in, Test &obj)
29 {
30 in >> obj.a>> obj.b;
31 if (!in)
32 {
33 obj = Test();
34 }
35 return in;
36 }
37 int main()
38 {
39 Test t1(1, 2);
40 cout << t1 << endl;
41 cout << "请输入两个int属性:";
42 cin >> t1;
43 cout << t1 << endl;;
44 cout << "hello world!
";
45 return 0;
46 }
输入正确时输入错误时