CentOS安装lnmp

1. 安装nginx。
   1. 登录弹性云服务器。
   2. 执行以下命令，下载对应当前系统版本的nginx包。

      wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

   3. 执行以下命令，建立nginx的yum仓库。

      rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

   4. 执行以下命令，安装nginx。

      yum -y install nginx

   5. 执行以下命令，启动nginx并设置开机启动。

      systemctl start nginx

      systemctl enable nginx

   6. 使用浏览器访问 “http://服务器IP地址”，显示如下页面，说明nginx安装成功。

      

2. 安装MySQL。
   1. 依次执行以下命令，安装MySQL。

      rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

      yum -y install mysql-community-server

   2. 依次执行以下命令，启动MySQL服务并设置开机自启动。

      systemctl start mysqld

      systemctl enable mysqld

   3. 执行以下命令，获取安装MySQL时自动设置的root用户密码。

      grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

      回显如下类似信息。

      2018-08-29T07:27:37.541944Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 2YY?3uHUA?Ys

       
   4. 执行以下命令，并按照回显提示信息进行操作，加固MySQL。

      mysql_secure_installation

      Securing the MySQL server deployment.
      
      Enter password for user root:    #输入上一步骤中获取的安装MySQL时自动设置的root用户密码
      The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.
      
      New password:  #设置新的root用户密码
      
      Re-enter new password:   #再次输入密码
      The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
      The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration of the plugin.
      Using existing password for root.
      
      Estimated strength of the password: 100
      Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N   #是否更改root用户密码，输入N
      
       ... skipping.
      By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
      allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
      a user account created for them. This is intended only for
      testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
      You should remove them before moving into a production
      environment.
      
      Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y   #是否删除匿名用户，输入Y
      Success.
      
      Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
      
      Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y   #禁止root远程登录，输入Y
      Success.
      
      By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment.
      
      Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y   #是否删除test库和对它的访问权限，输入Y
       - Dropping test database...
      Success.
      
       - Removing privileges on test database...
      Success.
      
      Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
      made so far will take effect immediately.
      
      Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y   #是否重新加载授权表，输入Y
      Success.
      
      All done!

       
3. 安装PHP。
   1. 依次执行以下命令，安装PHP 7和一些所需的PHP扩展。

      rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/epel-release.rpm

      rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

      yum -y install php70w-tidy php70w-common php70w-devel php70w-pdo php70w-mysql php70w-gd php70w-ldap php70w-mbstring php70w-mcrypt php70w-fpm

   2. 执行以下命令，验证PHP的安装版本。

      php -v

      回显如下类似信息：

      PHP 7.0.31 (cli) (built: Jul 20 2018 08:55:22) ( NTS )
      Copyright (c) 1997-2017 The PHP Group
      Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2017 Zend Technologies

       
   3. 执行以下命令，启动PHP服务并设置开机自启动。

      systemctl start php-fpm

      systemctl enable php-fpm

   4. 修改nginx配置文件以支持PHP。
      1. 执行以下命令打开配置文件“default.conf”。

         vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

      2. 按i键进入编辑模式。
      3. 修改打开的“default.conf”文件。
         • 在所支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页，如下所示：

               location / {
                   root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
                   index index.php index.html index.htm;
               }

            
         • 取消如下内容的注释，并设置字体加粗部分为nginx的默认路径，如下图所示：

               location ~ .php$ {
                   root           html;
                   fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                   fastcgi_index  index.php;
                   fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
                   include        fastcgi_params;
               }

            
      4. 按Esc键退出编辑模式，并输入:wq保存后退出。
   5. 执行以下命令，重新载入nginx的配置文件。

      service nginx reload

4. 浏览器访问测试。
   1. 在/usr/share/nginx/html/目录下创建“info.php”的测试页面。
      1. 执行以下命令创建并打开“info.php”的测试文件。

         vim /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php

      2. 按i键进入编辑模式。
      3. 修改打开的“info.php”文件，将如下内容写入文件。

         <?php
          phpinfo();
         ?>

          
      4. 按Esc键退出编辑模式，并输入:wq保存后退出。
   2. 使用浏览器访问“http://服务器IP地址/info.php”，显示如下页面，说明环境搭建成功。

      

   3. 原文地址:https://support.huaweicloud.com/bestpractice-ecs/zh-cn_topic_0130142475.html
   4. 参考地址:https://learnku.com/articles/22495