本文主要介绍了在本地搭建并运行一个Spring应用,演示了Spring控制反转的特性(使用的IDE 为 Intellij IDEA)
一、先新建一个Spring项目:
这里我起项目名‘’test3‘’,点击finish;
添加maven框架:右击项目名,选择 Add Framework Support...之后选择maven
配置maven依赖:下面我们来配置pom.xml文件,这里我用的是Spring 5.2.3 版本:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>groupId</groupId> <artifactId>test2</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <spring.version>5.2.3.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>8</source> <target>8</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
这样一个基于maven的Spring项目就建好啦!
二、编辑接口文件(Service层)和对应的类文件
新建接口UserService:新建包:com.nenu.service ,编辑接口:
在UserService中写入接口,我们这里随便写了个add方法的接口:
package com.nenu.service; public interface UserService { public void add(); }
新建接口对应类UserServiceImpl:在java包下新建包 com.nenu.service.impl 如下图:
在UserServiceImpl中写入add方法:
package com.nenu.service.impl; import com.nenu.service.UserService; public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Override public void add(){ System.out.println("调用add方法"); } }
三、配置ApplicationContext.xml容器
在resources下建立applicationContext.xml
在其中配置bean:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <bean id="UserService" class="com.nenu.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"> </bean> </beans>
之后把这个xml文件加入Facet:
Application容器配置完成!
四、Junit测试
如下图,新建com.nenu包,在其中新建测试类IocTest
在IocTest类中测试调用之前的add方法:
package com.nenu; import com.nenu.service.UserService; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class IocTest { @Test public void iocTest(){ //1.加载容器 ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); //2.通过容器对象获取里面的bean UserService userService = (UserService) applicationContext.getBean("UserService"); //3.执行 userService.add(); }
开始测试:
成功辣!!!