RedHat6.5系统LVM增加新硬盘实现根文件系统扩容

RedHat6.5系统LVM增加新硬盘实现根文件系统扩容
一、新增物理空间

二、linux中创建新分区

1、首先查看硬盘信息，用fdisk -l命令，如果有硬盘有剩余空间就可以对其进行分区。
1. [root@master 桌面]# fdisk -l
3. Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
4. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
5. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
6. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
7. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
8. Disk identifier: 0x0004bbc1
10. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
11. /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
12. Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
13. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM
15. Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes
16. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders
17. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
18. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
19. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
20. Disk identifier: 0x00000000
23. Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
24. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
25. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
26. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
27. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
28. Disk identifier: 0x00000000
2、下面对/dev/sda进行分区

fdisk /dev/sda

Command (m for help): m //输入m查看帮助文档

Command (m for help): n //输入n新建分区
1. [root@master ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
3. WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
4. switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
5. sectors (command 'u').
7. Command (m for help): m
8. Command action
9. a toggle a bootable flag
10. b edit bsd disklabel
11. c toggle the dos compatibility flag
12. d delete a partition
13. l list known partition types
14. m print this menu
15. n add a new partition
16. o create a new empty DOS partition table
17. p print the partition table
18. q quit without saving changes
19. s create a new empty Sun disklabel
20. t change a partition's system id
21. u change display/entry units
22. v verify the partition table
23. w write table to disk and exit
24. x extra functionality (experts only)
26. Command (m for help): n
27. Command action
28. e extended
29. p primary partition (1-4)
3、建立扩展分区

有扩展分区和主分区，逻辑分区在扩展分区中建立。注意到括号中的1-4，最多只能建四个主分区（包括扩展分区）。这里创建扩展分区，

输入： e #建立扩展分区

Partition number (1-4) ： 3 #因为已经有sda1、sda2了

First cylinder (2611-7832, default 2611):Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-7832, default 7832): #直接Enter键，默认即可

Command (m for help): p #查看分区结果
1. Command action
2. e extended
3. p primary partition (1-4)
4. e
5. Partition number (1-4): 3
6. First cylinder (2611-7832, default 2611):
7. Using default value 2611
8. Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-7832, default 7832):
9. Using default value 7832
11. Command (m for help): p
13. Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
14. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
15. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
16. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
17. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
18. Disk identifier: 0x0004bbc1
20. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
21. /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
22. Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
23. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM
24. /dev/sda3 2611 7832 41939020 5 Extended
4、扩展分区建好就可以在扩展分区建立逻辑分区了

Command (m for help): n

输入： l 建立逻辑分区

Command (m for help): p #查看分区结果
1. Command action
2. l logical (5 or over)
3. p primary partition (1-4)
4. l
5. First cylinder (2611-7832, default 2611):
6. Using default value 2611
7. Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-7832, default 7832):
8. Using default value 7832
10. Command (m for help): p
12. Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
13. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
14. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
15. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
16. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
17. Disk identifier: 0x0004bbc1
19. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
20. /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
21. Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
22. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM
23. /dev/sda3 2611 7832 41939020 5 Extended
24. /dev/sda5 2611 7832 41938988+ 83 Linux
5、上面显示已经建好一个主分区，一个逻辑分区，但是这些现在还没有生效，需要保存退出。

Command (m for help):w #保存退出

输入 reboot 重启系统生效。
1. Command (m for help): w
2. The partition table has been altered!
4. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
6. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙.
7. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
8. the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
9. Syncing disks.
三、 Linux系统LVM增加新硬盘实现根文件系统扩容

1、创建物理卷

fdisk -l
1. [root@master local]# fdisk -l
3. Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
4. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
5. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
6. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
7. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
8. Disk identifier: 0x0004bbc1
10. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
11. /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
12. Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
13. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM
14. /dev/sda3 2611 7832 41939020 5 Extended
15. /dev/sda5 2611 7832 41938988+ 83 Linux
17. Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes
18. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders
19. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
20. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
21. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
22. Disk identifier: 0x00000000
25. Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
26. 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
27. Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
28. Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
29. I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
30. Disk identifier: 0x00000000
pvcreate /dev/sda5
1. [root@master local]# pvcreate /dev/sda5
2. Physical volume "/dev/sda5" successfully created
2、查看创建好的物理卷

pvdisplay /dev/sda5
1. [root@master local]# pvdisplay /dev/sda5
2. "/dev/sda5" is a new physical volume of "40.00 GiB"
3. --- NEW Physical volume ---
4. PV Name /dev/sda5
5. VG Name
6. PV Size 40.00 GiB
7. Allocatable NO
8. PE Size 0
9. Total PE 0
10. Free PE 0
11. Allocated PE 0
12. PV UUID qX00lY-nkpd-4txl-HFwM-6NuT-wMqu-yEFehV
3、卷组扩容

vgdisplay
1. [root@master local]# vgdisplay
2. --- Volume group ---
3. VG Name vg_hadoop
4. System ID
5. Format lvm2
6. Metadata Areas 1
7. Metadata Sequence No 3
8. VG Access read/write
9. VG Status resizable
10. MAX LV 0
11. Cur LV 2
12. Open LV 2
13. Max PV 0
14. Cur PV 1
15. Act PV 1
16. VG Size 19.51 GiB
17. PE Size 4.00 MiB
18. Total PE 4994
19. Alloc PE / Size 4994 / 19.51 GiB
20. Free PE / Size 0 / 0
21. VG UUID iQqDwB-Ft3T-aFfh-7nwK-alS3-LSMo-Uid9nz
vgextend vg_hadoop /dev/sda5
1. [root@master local]# vgextend vg_hadoop /dev/sda5
2. Volume group "vg_hadoop" successfully extended
4、查看扩容之后的卷组信息

vgdisplay
1. [root@master local]# vgdisplay
2. --- Volume group ---
3. VG Name vg_hadoop
4. System ID
5. Format lvm2
6. Metadata Areas 2
7. Metadata Sequence No 4
8. VG Access read/write
9. VG Status resizable
10. MAX LV 0
11. Cur LV 2
12. Open LV 2
13. Max PV 0
14. Cur PV 2
15. Act PV 2
16. VG Size 59.50 GiB
17. PE Size 4.00 MiB
18. Total PE 15232
19. Alloc PE / Size 4994 / 19.51 GiB
20. Free PE / Size 10238 / 39.99 GiB
21. VG UUID iQqDwB-Ft3T-aFfh-7nwK-alS3-LSMo-Uid9nz
5、逻辑卷扩容

df -h
1. [root@master local]# df -h
2. Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
3. /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root 18G 12G 5.1G 70% /
4. tmpfs 1.9G 224K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm
5. /dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot
6. /dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /media/RHEL_6.5 x86_64 Disc 1
lvextend -L +38G /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root
1. [root@master local]# lvextend -L +38G /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root
2. Extending logical volume lv_root to 55.51 GiB
3. Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
6、查看扩容之后的逻辑卷

lvdisplay /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root
1. [root@master local]# lvdisplay /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root
2. --- Logical volume ---
3. LV Path /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root
4. LV Name lv_root
5. VG Name vg_hadoop
6. LV UUID wv0vJ6-c5Dd-Su9k-7dSV-P3KE-CF88-ElqYFA
7. LV Write Access read/write
8. LV Creation host, time hadoop, 2017-07-05 18:56:16 +0800
9. LV Status available
10. # open 1
11. LV Size 55.51 GiB
12. Current LE 14210
13. Segments 2
14. Allocation inherit
15. Read ahead sectors auto
16. - currently set to 256
17. Block device 253:0
7、文件系统扩容

resize2fs /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root
1. [root@master local]# resize2fs /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root
2. resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
3. Filesystem at /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
4. old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 4
5. Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root to 14551040 (4k) blocks.
6. The filesystem on /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root is now 14551040 blocks long.
8、成功

df -h
1. [root@master local]# df -h
2. Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
3. /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root 55G 12G 41G 22% /
4. tmpfs 1.9G 224K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm
5. /dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot
6. /dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /media/RHEL_6.5 x86_64 Disc 1
参考资料：

https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/2138735858352570708.html

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-17176286-id-3129057.html
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/yangcx666/p/8723921.html

RedHat6.5系统LVM增加新硬盘实现根文件系统扩容

一、新增物理空间

二、linux中创建新分区

1、首先查看硬盘信息，用fdisk -l命令，如果有硬盘有剩余空间就可以对其进行分区。

2、下面对/dev/sda进行分区

3、建立扩展分区

4、扩展分区建好就可以在扩展分区建立逻辑分区了

5、上面显示已经建好一个主分区，一个逻辑分区，但是这些现在还没有生效，需要保存退出。

三、 Linux系统LVM增加新硬盘实现根文件系统扩容

1、创建物理卷

fdisk -l

pvcreate /dev/sda5

2、查看创建好的物理卷

pvdisplay /dev/sda5

3、卷组扩容

vgdisplay

vgextend vg_hadoop /dev/sda5

4、查看扩容之后的卷组信息

vgdisplay

5、逻辑卷扩容

df -h

lvextend -L +38G /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root

6、查看扩容之后的逻辑卷

lvdisplay /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root

7、文件系统扩容

resize2fs /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root

8、成功

df -h