Description
给定一个n个点m条边的无向图,求它的最小生成树个数。(nleq100,mleq1000),相同权值的边不超过10条。
Solution
考虑 Kruskal 算法求最小生成树的流程。
我们把权值相同的边分为一组,显然 Kruskal 是连续考虑到这组边。并且无论这组边之间的顺序如何,处理完它们之后并查集的状态应该是相同的(否则很容易退出矛盾)。
那么做法就显然了:
考虑所有最小权值的边,连接这些边之后对每个连通块求生成树计数;之后将每个连通块缩成一个点,再考虑第二小权值的边;以此类推,直到只剩下一个连通块为止。
生成树可以使用Matrix-Tree Theorem。由于保证相同权值的边不超过10条,还可以搜索。代码中使用了前者。
Code
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
const int mod = 31011;
const int mod1 = 3;
const int mod2 = 10337;
const int g1 = 20674;
const int g2 = 10338;
const int N = 105;
const int M = 1005;
int pre[N], nxt[M * 2], to[M * 2], c[M * 2], cnt = 1;
int n, m, fa[N];
int Find(int x) { return fa[x] ? fa[x] = Find(fa[x]) : x; }
int pow_mod(int a, int b, int p) {
int ans = 1;
for (; b; b >>= 1, a = a * a % p)
if (b & 1) ans = ans * a % p;
return ans;
}
inline int inv(int a, int p) { return pow_mod(a, p - 2, p); }
struct Edge{
int a, b, v;
bool operator<(const Edge &e)const{
return v < e.v;
}
void addEdge() {
a = Find(a); b = Find(b);
nxt[cnt] = pre[a];
c[cnt] = v;
to[pre[a] = cnt++] = b;
nxt[cnt] = pre[b];
c[cnt] = v;
to[pre[b] = cnt++] = a;
}
}e[M];
int A[N][N], num, B[N][N], pos[N];
void dfs(int x, int cc, int f) {
if (x != f) fa[x] = f;
pos[x] = num++;
for (int i = 0; i <= pos[x]; ++i)
A[i][pos[x]] = A[pos[x]][i] = 0;
for (int i = pre[x]; c[i] == cc; i = nxt[i]) {
int u = to[i];
if (!~pos[u]) dfs(u, cc, f);
--A[pos[x]][pos[u]];
++A[pos[x]][pos[x]];
}
}
int solve(int A[N][N], int n, int p) {
--n;
int f = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
int j = i;
while (!(A[i][j] % p) && j < n) ++j;
if (j >= n) return 0;
if (j != i) {
f *= -1;
for (int k = i; k < n; ++k)
std::swap(A[i][k], A[j][k]);
}
int v = inv(A[i][i], p);
f = f * A[i][i] % p;
for (int k = i; k < n; ++k)
A[i][k] = A[i][k] * v % p;
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; ++j)
for (int k = n - 1; k >= i; --k)
A[j][k] = (A[j][k] - A[j][i] * A[i][k]) % p;
}
return f;
}
int ans1 = 1, ans2 = 1;
void solve() {
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i)
for (int j = 0; j < num; ++j)
B[i][j] = A[i][j];
ans1 = ans1 * solve(A, num, mod1) % mod1;
ans2 = ans2 * solve(B, num, mod2) % mod2;
}
int main() {
scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i)
scanf("%d%d%d", &e[i].a, &e[i].b, &e[i].v);
std::sort(e, e + m);
for (int i = 0, j; i < m; ) {
j = i;
while (j < m && e[j].v == e[i].v) ++j;
for (int k = i; k < j; ++k) e[k].addEdge();
for (int k = 1; k <= n; ++k) pos[k] = -1;
for (int k = 1; k <= n; ++k) if (Find(k) == k) {
num = 0;
dfs(k, e[i].v, k);
solve();
}
i = j;
}
int t = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) t += (Find(i) == i);
printf("%d
", t > 1 ? 0 : ((ans1 * g1 + ans2 * g2) % mod + mod) % mod);
return 0;
}