Centos7.x：开机启动服务的配置和管理

一、开机启动服务的配置 

1.创建服务配置(权限754)

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

文件内容解释

[Unit]:服务的说明
Description:描述服务
After:描述服务类别

[Service]服务运行参数的设置
Type=forking是后台运行的形式
ExecStart为服务的具体运行命令
ExecReload为重启命令
ExecStop为停止命令
PrivateTmp=True表示给服务分配独立的临时空间
注意：启动、重启、停止命令全部要求使用绝对路径

[Install]服务安装的相关设置，可设置为多用户

以754的权限保存服务配置！！！

2.设置开机自启动

任意目录下执行::systemctl enable nginx.service

二、开机启动服务的管理

• 启动nginx服务 systemctl start nginx.service
• 设置开机自启动 systemctl enable nginx.service
• 停止开机自启动 systemctl disable nginx.service
• 查看服务当前状态 systemctl status nginx.service
• 重新启动服务 systemctl restart nginx.service
• 查看所有已启动的服务 systemctl list-units --type=service

三、开机启动服务的配置例子

1.nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2.mysql.service

[Unit]
Description=mysql
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
#ExecReload=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server restart
#ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
#PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3.php-fpm.service

[Unit]
Description=php
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4.redis.service

[Unit]
Description=Redis
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /etc/redis.conf
ExecStop=kill -INT `cat /tmp/redis.pid`
User=www
Group=www

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

5.supervisord.service

[Unit]
Description=Process Monitoring and Control Daemon
After=rc-local.service

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
SysVStartPriority=99

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

5.tomcat_8200.service

[Unit]
Description=tomcat_8200
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/tomcat_8200.pid
ExecStart=/home/server_config/tomcat/tomcat_8200 start
ExecReload=/home/server_config/tomcat/tomcat_8200 restart
ExecStop=/home/server_config/tomcat/tomcat_8200 stop
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target