Android 触摸及手势操作GestureDetector

 现在的智能手机不敢说百分百的都是触摸屏，也应该是百分之九九以上为触摸屏了，触摸屏为我们操作无键盘、无鼠标的手机系统带来了很多的便利。当用户触摸屏幕时会产生很多的触摸事件，down、up、move等等。View类有个View.OnTouchListener内部接口，通过重写他的onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event)方法，我们可以处理一些touch事件，如下：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
...
// This example shows an Activity, but you would use the same approach if
// you were subclassing a View.
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){

    int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(event);

    switch(action) {
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Action was DOWN");
            return true;
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Action was MOVE");
            return true;
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Action was UP");
            return true;
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Action was CANCEL");
            return true;
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Movement occurred outside bounds " +
                    "of current screen element");
            return true;
        default :
            return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }
}

    OnTouch提供的事件还是相对较简单，如果需要处理一些复杂的手势，用这个接口就会很麻烦，因为我们要根据用户触摸的轨迹去判断是什么手势。Android sdk给我们提供了GestureDetector（Gesture：手势Detector：识别）类，通过这个类我们可以识别很多的手势。

public class GestureDetector extends Object    

java.lang.Object

android.view.GestureDetector

    GestureDetector属于android.view包，android还提供了android.gesture包支持更多的手势操作，以后我们会介绍到。官方的介绍中使用了GestureDetectorCompat处理手势识别，为什么使用GestureDetectorCompat替换了GestureDetector呢，官方的是这样解释的：

 

  GestureDetectorCompat实例化有下面两种方法：

    

    GestureDetector类对外提供了两个接口：OnGestureListener，OnDoubleTapListener，还有一个内部类SimpleOnGestureListener；SimpleOnGestureListener类是GestureDetector提供给我们的一个更方便的响应不同手势的类，它实现了上述两个接口，该类是static class，也就是说它实际上是一个外部类，我们可以在外部继承这个类，重写里面的手势处理方法。因此实现手势识别有两种方法，一种实现OnGestureListener接口，另一种是使用SimpleOnGestureListener类。

 

    使用OnGestureListener接口，这样需要重载OnGestureListener接口所有的方法，适合监听所有的手势，正如官方文档提到的“Detecing All Supported Gestures”。

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements
        GestureDetector.OnGestureListener,
        GestureDetector.OnDoubleTapListener{

    private static final String DEBUG_TAG = "Gestures";
    private GestureDetectorCompat mDetector;

    // Called when the activity is first created.
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // Instantiate the gesture detector with the
        // application context and an implementation of
        // GestureDetector.OnGestureListener
        mDetector = new GestureDetectorCompat(this,this);
        // Set the gesture detector as the double tap
        // listener.
        mDetector.setOnDoubleTapListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){
        this.mDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
        // Be sure to call the superclass implementation
        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onDown(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"onDown: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onFling(MotionEvent event1, MotionEvent event2,
            float velocityX, float velocityY) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onFling: " + event1.toString()+event2.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void onLongPress(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onLongPress: " + event.toString());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX,
            float distanceY) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onScroll: " + e1.toString()+e2.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void onShowPress(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onShowPress: " + event.toString());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onSingleTapUp: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onDoubleTap(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onDoubleTap: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onDoubleTapEvent: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onSingleTapConfirmed(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onSingleTapConfirmed: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }
}

这样会造成有些手势我们用不到，但是还要重载。SimpleOnGestureListener类的出现为我们解决了这个问题，如果你想“Detecting a Subset of Supported Gestures”,SimpleOnGestureListener是最好的选择。

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private GestureDetectorCompat mDetector;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mDetector = new GestureDetectorCompat(this, new MyGestureListener());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){
        this.mDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }

    class MyGestureListener extends GestureDetector.SimpleOnGestureListener {
        private static final String DEBUG_TAG = "Gestures";

        @Override
        public boolean onDown(MotionEvent event) {
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"onDown: " + event.toString());
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean onFling(MotionEvent event1, MotionEvent event2,
                float velocityX, float velocityY) {
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onFling: " + event1.toString()+event2.toString());
            return true;
        }
    }
}

    最后了我们也解释两个问题：

    1、onTouchEvent中为什么使用了MotionEventCompat,而不直接使用MotionEvent。因为MotionEventCompat使更多的Action适配到API 4。

    2、Android的view怎么使用手势，方法如下：

View myView = findViewById(R.id.my_view);
    myView.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
            // ... Respond to touch events
            this.mDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
            return super.onTouchEvent(event);
        }
    });

/**

* @author 张兴业

*  http://blog.csdn.net/xyz_lmn

*  iOS入门群：83702688

*  android开发进阶群：241395671

*  我的新浪微博：@张兴业TBOW

*/

 

 

示例下载

参考：

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/GestureDetector.html

http://developer.android.com/training/gestures/detector.html