方案一：使用openjson函数
PS：使用openjson函数需要目标数据库兼容级别支持(130)
可用以下查询语句查看数据库兼容级别 ：
SELECT name,compatibility_level FROM sys.databases WHERE name ='数据库名'
修改目标数据库兼容级别：
ALTER DATABASE 数据库名 SET compatibility_level = 130
DECLARE @jsonStr VARCHAR(MAX) SET @jsonStr ='[{"perName": "张三","perAge": 20},{"perName": "李四","perAge": 23},{"perName": "王五","perAge": 25}]' SELECT JSON_VALUE(value,'$.perName') AS perName,JSON_VALUE(value,'$.perAge') AS perAge FROM openjson(@jsonStr) AS A
执行结果：
方案二：创建表值函数 ParseJsonFunc
SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[ParseJsonFunc]( @json nvarchar(max) ) RETURNS @hierarchy table ( object_id int NOT NULL, /* [0 -- Not an object] each list or object has an object id. This ties all elements to a parent. Lists are treated as objects here */ parent_id int NOT NULL, /* [0 -- Root] if the element has a parent then it is in this column. The document is the ultimate parent, so you can get the structure from recursing from the document */ name nvarchar(2000), /* the name of the object */ stringvalue nvarchar(4000) NOT NULL, /*the string representation of the value of the element. */ valuetype nvarchar(100) NOT NULL, /* the declared type of the value represented as a string in stringvalue*/ bigintvalue bigint, boolvalue bit ) AS BEGIN DECLARE @firstobject int, --the index of the first open bracket found in the JSON string @opendelimiter int, --the index of the next open bracket found in the JSON string @nextopendelimiter int,--the index of subsequent open bracket found in the JSON string @nextclosedelimiter int,--the index of subsequent close bracket found in the JSON string @type nvarchar(10),--whether it denotes an object or an array @nextclosedelimiterChar CHAR(1),--either a '}' or a ']' @contents nvarchar(MAX), --the unparsed contents of the bracketed expression @start int, --index of the start of the token that you are parsing @end int,--index of the end of the token that you are parsing @param int,--the parameter at the end of the next Object/Array token @endofname int,--the index of the start of the parameter at end of Object/Array token @token nvarchar(4000),--either a string or object @value nvarchar(MAX), -- the value as a string @name nvarchar(200), --the name as a string @parent_id int,--the next parent ID to allocate @lenjson int,--the current length of the JSON String @characters NCHAR(62),--used to convert hex to decimal @result BIGINT,--the value of the hex symbol being parsed @index SMALLINT,--used for parsing the hex value @escape int; --the index of the next escape character /* in this temporary table we keep all strings, even the names of the elements, since they are 'escaped' * in a different way, and may contain, unescaped, brackets denoting objects or lists. These are replaced in * the JSON string by tokens representing the string */ DECLARE @strings table ( string_id int IDENTITY(1, 1), stringvalue nvarchar(MAX) ) /* initialise the characters to convert hex to ascii */ SET @characters = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'; SET @parent_id = 0; /* firstly we process all strings. This is done because [{} and ] aren't escaped in strings, which complicates an iterative parse. */ WHILE 1 = 1 /* forever until there is nothing more to do */ BEGIN SET @start = PATINDEX('%[^a-zA-Z]["]%', @json collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin); /* next delimited string */ IF @start = 0 BREAK; /*no more so drop through the WHILE loop */ IF SUBSTRING(@json, @start+1, 1) = '"' BEGIN /* Delimited name */ SET @start = @start+1; SET @end = PATINDEX('%[^\]["]%', RIGHT(@json, LEN(@json+'|')-@start) collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin); END IF @end = 0 /*no end delimiter to last string*/ BREAK; /* no more */ SELECT @token = SUBSTRING(@json, @start+1, @end-1) /* now put in the escaped control characters */ SELECT @token = REPLACE(@token, from_string, to_string) FROM ( SELECT '\"' AS from_string, '"' AS to_string UNION ALL SELECT '\\', '\' UNION ALL SELECT '\/', '/' UNION ALL SELECT '\b', CHAR(08) UNION ALL SELECT '\f', CHAR(12) UNION ALL SELECT '\n', CHAR(10) UNION ALL SELECT '\r', CHAR(13) UNION ALL SELECT '\t', CHAR(09) ) substitutions; SET @result = 0; SET @escape = 1; /*Begin to take out any hex escape codes*/ WHILE @escape > 0 BEGIN /* find the next hex escape sequence */ SET @index = 0; SET @escape = PATINDEX('%\x[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]%', @token collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin); IF @escape > 0 /* if there is one */ BEGIN WHILE @index < 4 /* there are always four digits to a \x sequence */ BEGIN /* determine its value */ SET @result = @result + POWER(16, @index) * (CHARINDEX(SUBSTRING(@token, @escape + 2 + 3 - @index, 1), @characters) - 1); SET @index = @index + 1; END /* and replace the hex sequence by its unicode value */ SET @token = STUFF(@token, @escape, 6, NCHAR(@result)); END END /* now store the string away */ INSERT INTO @strings (stringvalue) SELECT @token; /* and replace the string with a token */ SET @json = STUFF(@json, @start, @end + 1, '@string' + CONVERT(nvarchar(5), @@identity)); END /* all strings are now removed. Now we find the first leaf. */ WHILE 1 = 1 /* forever until there is nothing more to do */ BEGIN SET @parent_id = @parent_id + 1; /* find the first object or list by looking for the open bracket */ SET @firstobject = PATINDEX('%[{[[]%', @json collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin); /*object or array*/ IF @firstobject = 0 BREAK; IF (SUBSTRING(@json, @firstobject, 1) = '{') SELECT @nextclosedelimiterChar = '}', @type = 'object'; ELSE SELECT @nextclosedelimiterChar = ']', @type = 'array'; SET @opendelimiter = @firstobject; WHILE 1 = 1 --find the innermost object or list... BEGIN SET @lenjson = LEN(@json+'|') - 1; /* find the matching close-delimiter proceeding after the open-delimiter */ SET @nextclosedelimiter = CHARINDEX(@nextclosedelimiterChar, @json, @opendelimiter + 1); /* is there an intervening open-delimiter of either type */ SET @nextopendelimiter = PATINDEX('%[{[[]%',RIGHT(@json, @lenjson-@opendelimiter) collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin); /*object*/ IF @nextopendelimiter = 0 BREAK; SET @nextopendelimiter = @nextopendelimiter + @opendelimiter; IF @nextclosedelimiter < @nextopendelimiter BREAK; IF SUBSTRING(@json, @nextopendelimiter, 1) = '{' SELECT @nextclosedelimiterChar = '}', @type = 'object'; ELSE SELECT @nextclosedelimiterChar = ']', @type = 'array'; SET @opendelimiter = @nextopendelimiter; END /* and parse out the list or name/value pairs */ SET @contents = SUBSTRING(@json, @opendelimiter+1, @nextclosedelimiter-@opendelimiter - 1); SET @json = STUFF(@json, @opendelimiter, @nextclosedelimiter - @opendelimiter + 1, '@' + @type + CONVERT(nvarchar(5), @parent_id)); WHILE (PATINDEX('%[A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', @contents collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin)) < > 0 BEGIN /* WHILE PATINDEX */ IF @type = 'object' /*it will be a 0-n list containing a string followed by a string, number,boolean, or null*/ BEGIN SET @end = CHARINDEX(':', ' '+@contents); /*if there is anything, it will be a string-based name.*/ SET @start = PATINDEX('%[^A-Za-z@][@]%', ' ' + @contents collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin); /*AAAAAAAA*/ SET @token = SUBSTRING(' '+@contents, @start + 1, @end - @start - 1); SET @endofname = PATINDEX('%[0-9]%', @token collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin); SET @param = RIGHT(@token, LEN(@token)-@endofname + 1); SET @token = LEFT(@token, @endofname - 1); SET @contents = RIGHT(' ' + @contents, LEN(' ' + @contents + '|') - @end - 1); SELECT @name = stringvalue FROM @strings WHERE string_id = @param; /*fetch the name*/ END ELSE BEGIN SET @name = null; END SET @end = CHARINDEX(',', @contents); /*a string-token, object-token, list-token, number,boolean, or null*/ IF @end = 0 SET @end = PATINDEX('%[A-Za-z0-9@+.e][^A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', @contents+' ' collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin) + 1; SET @start = PATINDEX('%[^A-Za-z0-9@+.e][A-Za-z0-9@+.e]%', ' ' + @contents collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin); /*select @start,@end, LEN(@contents+'|'), @contents */ SET @value = RTRIM(SUBSTRING(@contents, @start, @end-@start)); SET @contents = RIGHT(@contents + ' ', LEN(@contents+'|') - @end); IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 7) = '@object' INSERT INTO @hierarchy (name, parent_id, stringvalue, object_id, valuetype) SELECT @name, @parent_id, SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5), SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5), 'object'; ELSE IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 6) = '@array' INSERT INTO @hierarchy (name, parent_id, stringvalue, object_id, valuetype) SELECT @name, @parent_id, SUBSTRING(@value, 7, 5), SUBSTRING(@value, 7, 5), 'array'; ELSE IF SUBSTRING(@value, 1, 7) = '@string' INSERT INTO @hierarchy (name, parent_id, stringvalue, valuetype, object_id) SELECT @name, @parent_id, stringvalue, 'string', 0 FROM @strings WHERE string_id = SUBSTRING(@value, 8, 5); ELSE IF @value IN ('true', 'false') INSERT INTO @hierarchy (name, parent_id, stringvalue, valuetype, object_id, boolvalue) SELECT @name, @parent_id, @value, 'boolean', 0, CASE @value WHEN 'true' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END; ELSE IF @value = 'null' INSERT INTO @hierarchy (name, parent_id, stringvalue, valuetype, object_id) SELECT @name, @parent_id, @value, 'null', 0; ELSE IF PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%', @value collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP850_Bin) > 0 INSERT INTO @hierarchy (name, parent_id, stringvalue, valuetype, object_id) SELECT @name, @parent_id, @value, 'real', 0; ELSE INSERT INTO @hierarchy (name, parent_id, stringvalue, valuetype, object_id, bigintvalue) SELECT @name, @parent_id, @value, 'bigint', 0, CONVERT(BIGINT,@value); END /* WHILE PATINDEX */ END /* WHILE 1=1 forever until there is nothing more to do */ INSERT INTO @hierarchy (name, parent_id, stringvalue, object_id, valuetype) SELECT '', 0, '', @parent_id - 1, @type; RETURN; END GO
使用方法：
DECLARE @jsonStr VARCHAR(MAX) SET @jsonStr ='[{"perName": "张三","perAge": 20},{"perName": "李四","perAge": 23},{"perName": "王五","perAge": 25}]' IF OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#tempJson', N'U') IS NOT NULL BEGIN DROP TABLE #tempJson; END SELECT parent_id,name,stringvalue INTO #tempJson FROM dbo.ParseJsonFunc(@jsonStr) WHERE ISNULL(name,'')<> '' SELECT parent_id, perName = (STUFF((SELECT ',' + stringvalue FROM #tempJson WHERE parent_id = T.parent_id AND name='perName' FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 1, '')) , perAge = (STUFF((SELECT ',' + stringvalue FROM #tempJson WHERE parent_id = T.parent_id AND name='perAge' FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 1, '')) FROM #tempJson AS T GROUP BY parent_id
执行结果：
