一. 搭建maven项目
1. 新建maven项目,选择maven Project --> Next
2. 勾选 Create a simple project --> Next
3. 填写 Group Id 和 Artifact Id 选择Packaging 为war 之后Finish
构建完成之后项目结构如下所示:
4. 选中项目 右键 properties ,选择 Project Facets 勾选 Dynamic Web Module 点击 左下角 Further configuration available...将项目转换成 Dynamic项目架构;
勾选 Generate web.xml deployment descriptor点击OK按钮,自动生成 web.xml文件
转换成 Dynamic Web项目之后的项目结构如下所示:
5. 调整项目结构:将 META-INF 和 WEB-INF 复制到webapp目录下,删除WebContent,最终Web项目结构如下所示:
二. 配置pom.xml文件
1. <properties>标签中定义变量名,下文中可以直接引用;
2. <dependencies>加入依赖的 jar包
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.daydayup</groupId> <artifactId>ssh</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <jdk.version>1.7</jdk.version> <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>5.1.0.Final</hibernate.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
三. 编写一个简单的web demo
1. 定义一个servlet 继承HttpServlet -- 只有继承Servlet才能识别到(HttpServlet 是 Servlet的子类);
package com.ggd; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = -7853701805213269376L; protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.getOutputStream().write("Haha Servlet success!!!".getBytes()); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { } }
2. web.xml 文件的配置如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <servlet> <servlet-name>helloWorld</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.ggd.HelloWorld</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>helloWorld</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
3. 启动tomcat, 访问浏览器http://localhost:8080/ssh/123
--最后‘123’是随便输入的<url-pattern>标签中是'/', 浏览器可以识别到所有以http://localhost:8080/ssh/开头的URL地址
自此,一个简单的servlet demo实现