• spring框架学习笔记7:事务管理及案例


    Spring提供了一套管理项目中的事务的机制

    以前写过一篇简单的介绍事务的随笔:http://www.cnblogs.com/xuyiqing/p/8430214.html

    还有一篇Hibernate的事务管理:http://www.cnblogs.com/xuyiqing/p/8449167.html

    可以做个对比

    Spring管理事务特有的属性:

    事务传播行为:事务传播行为(propagation behavior)指的就是当一个事务方法被另一个事务方法调用时,这个事务方法应该如何进行。 

    例如:methodA事务方法调用methodB事务方法时,methodB是继续在调用者methodA的事务中运行呢,还是为自己开启一个新事务运行,这就是由methodB的事务传播行为决定的。

    1、PROPAGATION_REQUIRED:如果当前没有事务,就创建一个新事务,如果当前存在事务,就加入该事务,该设置是最常用的设置

    2、PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS:支持当前事务,如果当前存在事务,就加入该事务,如果当前不存在事务,就以非事务执行。‘

    3、PROPAGATION_MANDATORY:支持当前事务,如果当前存在事务,就加入该事务,如果当前不存在事务,就抛出异常。

    4、PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW:创建新事务,无论当前存不存在事务,都创建新事务。

    5、PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED:以非事务方式执行操作,如果当前存在事务,就把当前事务挂起。

    6、PROPAGATION_NEVER:以非事务方式执行,如果当前存在事务,则抛出异常。

    7、PROPAGATION_NESTED:如果当前存在事务,则在嵌套事务内执行。如果当前没有事务,则执行与PROPAGATION_REQUIRED类似的操作

    接下来演示事务案例:简单模拟转账

    需要的包:

    新建一张表,放入数据:

    package dao;
    
    public interface AccountDao {
        
        //加钱
        void increaseMoney(Integer id,Double money);
        //减钱
        void decreaseMoney(Integer id,Double money);
    }
    package dao;
    
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
    
    public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao  {
    
        @Override
        public void increaseMoney(Integer id, Double money) {
            
            getJdbcTemplate().update("update t_account set money = money+? where id = ? ", money,id);
            
        }
    
        @Override
        public void decreaseMoney(Integer id, Double money) {
    
            getJdbcTemplate().update("update t_account set money = money-? where id = ? ", money,id);
        }
    
    }
    package service;
    
    public interface AccountService {
        
        //转账方法
        void transfer(Integer from,Integer to,Double money);
        
    }
    package service;
    
    import dao.AccountDao;
    
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    
        private AccountDao ad;
    
        @Override
        public void transfer(final Integer from, final Integer to, final Double money) {
            // 减钱
            ad.decreaseMoney(from, money);
            // 加钱
            ad.increaseMoney(to, money);
        }
    
        public void setAd(AccountDao ad) {
            this.ad = ad;
        }
    
    }
    package tx;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import service.AccountService;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
    public class Demo {
            @Resource(name="accountService")
        private AccountService as;
        
        @Test
        public void fun1(){
            
            as.transfer(1, 2, 100d);
            
        }
    }

    配置文件:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">
    
    <!-- 指定spring读取db.properties配置 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"  />
    
    <!-- 事务核心管理器,封装了所有事务操作. 依赖于连接池 -->
    <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置事务通知 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 以方法为单位,指定方法应用什么事务属性
                isolation:隔离级别
                propagation:传播行为
                read-only:是否只读
                其他方法的配置没有用到,但它们通常是统一配置
             -->
            <tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
            <tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
            
            <tx:method name="transfer" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    
    
    <!-- 配置织入 -->
    <aop:config  >
        <!-- 配置切点表达式 -->
        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* service.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/>
        <!-- 配置切面 : 通知+切点
                 advice-ref:通知的名称
                 pointcut-ref:切点的名称
         -->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" />
    </aop:config>
    
    
    <!-- 1.将连接池 -->
    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
    </bean>
    
    
    
    <!-- 2.Dao-->
    <bean name="accountDao" class="dao.AccountDaoImpl" >
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 3.Service-->
    <bean name="accountService" class="service.AccountServiceImpl" >
        <property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
    </bean>  
    
    </beans>

    db.properties

    jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///mybase
    jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.user=root
    jdbc.password=xuyiqing

    运行Demo后结果:

    转账成功!

    补充:

    可以采用注解方式代替XML配置文件:

    配置文件只要一行即可:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">
    
    <!-- 指定spring读取db.properties配置 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"  />
    
    <!-- 事务核心管理器,封装了所有事务操作. 依赖于连接池 -->
    <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 事务模板对象 -->
    <bean name="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate" >
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" ></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 开启使用注解管理aop事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven/>
    
    <!-- 1.将连接池 -->
    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
    </bean>
    
    
    
    <!-- 2.Dao-->
    <bean name="accountDao" class="dao.AccountDaoImpl" >
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 3.Service-->
    <bean name="accountService" class="service.AccountServiceImpl" >
        <property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
    </bean>  
    
    </beans>
    package service;
    
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    import dao.AccountDao;
    
    @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = true)
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    
        private AccountDao ad;
    
        @Override
        @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = false)
        public void transfer(final Integer from, final Integer to, final Double money) {
            // 减钱
            ad.decreaseMoney(from, money);
            // 加钱
            ad.increaseMoney(to, money);
        }
    
        public void setAd(AccountDao ad) {
            this.ad = ad;
        }
    
    }

    测试后同样成功!

    Spring框架的学习就到这里

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xuyiqing/p/8465095.html
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