1.需求概括
我们知道，在SQL Server Alwayson 架构中，有多种虚拟IP，例如 WindowsCluster IP，ListenIP，角色高可用性IP（类似于侦听IP）。在某些条件下，例如系统故障，会触发虚拟IP的漂移，如何高效率、低延迟、更好地监控IP漂移情况，是我们DB的一个重要工作。
下面是我们的一个通过SQL Server 存储过程来实现的方案。
2.基本原理
周期性收集当前Server 上相应的IP地址，并与上个周期收集的结果比较判断，看那些IP发生了漂移变化。其主要流程图如下;
3.代码实现
表 DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck，主要存储 当前 （本收集周期） Server的信息（主要是IP信息、ServerName信息等），其创建脚本如下;
/****** Object: Table [dbo].[DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck] Script Date: 2019/6/27 16:01:27 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO SET ANSI_PADDING ON GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck]( [LocalServerIP] [varchar](20) NULL, [ClusterName] [varchar](50) NULL, [ServerIP] [varchar](20) NULL, [ServerName] [varchar](100) NULL, [ServerFullName] [varchar](100) NULL, [ServerIPType] [varchar](20) NULL, [DataBaseName] [varchar](300) NULL, [DisabledFlag] [varchar](1) NULL, [CreateTime] [datetime] NULL, [CreateBy] [varchar](50) NULL, [ModifyTime] [datetime] NULL, [ModifyBy] [varchar](50) NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] GO SET ANSI_PADDING OFF GO EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'Windows集群名称' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ClusterName' GO EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'IP地址' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ServerIP' GO EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'计算机对象名称' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ServerName' GO EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'计算机对象全称' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ServerFullName' GO EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'计算机对象全称' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ServerIPType' GO EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'0实时有效，1第一次失效，2第二次失效，3第三次失效，4第四次失效，5第五次失效，彻底删除' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'DisabledFlag' GO EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'创建时间' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'CreateTime' GO EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'创建人' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'CreateBy' GO
表 DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin，主要存储 以前 （前一个收集周期） Server的信息，是用来比较变化的基准表，其表结构 与表DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck相同，创建脚本如下：
/****** Object: Table [dbo].[DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin] Script Date: 2019/6/27 16:56:28 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO SET ANSI_PADDING ON GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin]( [LocalServerIP] [varchar](20) NULL, [ClusterName] [varchar](50) NULL, [ServerIP] [varchar](20) NULL, [ServerName] [varchar](100) NULL, [ServerFullName] [varchar](100) NULL, [ServerIPType] [varchar](20) NULL, [DataBaseName] [varchar](300) NULL, [DisabledFlag] [varchar](1) NULL, [CreateTime] [datetime] NULL, [CreateBy] [varchar](50) NULL, [ModifyTime] [datetime] NULL, [ModifyBy] [varchar](50) NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] GO SET ANSI_PADDING OFF GO
具体的存储过程 USP_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck，用来实现 收集、比较、告警等功能，代码实现如下：
/****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[USP_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck] Script Date: 2019/6/27 15:26:06 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[USP_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck] AS BEGIN DECLARE @ipline VARCHAR(200) DECLARE @ip VARCHAR(20) DECLARE @pingname VARCHAR(40) DECLARE @ServerName VARCHAR(100) DECLARE @ServerFullName VARCHAR(100) Declare @CurrDateTime nvarchar(20) Declare @PreDiffDateTime nvarchar(20) ='' Set @CurrDateTime=CONVERT(VARCHAR(19),GETDATE(),120) SET NOCOUNT ON Declare @ServerIP VARCHAR(20) SET @ServerName=@@SERVERNAME SET @ServerIP = CAST(CONNECTIONPROPERTY('local_net_address') AS varchar(20)) ----Set @ServerIP ='XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX' --如果不准确的话，请手动定义 DELETE FROM DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck WHERE CreateTime< CONVERT(VARCHAR(19),DATEADD( HH,-10,GETDATE()),120) SET @ip = NULL IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#tempserverip') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #tempserverip CREATE TABLE #tempserverip ( ipline VARCHAR(200) ) INSERT #tempserverip EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'ipconfig /all ' INSERT INTO DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck ( LocalServerIP,ServerIP,DisabledFlag,CreateTime,CreateBy ) SELECT @ServerIP, p.ServerIP,'0'AS DisabledFlag,GETDATE() AS CreateTime ,@@SERVERNAME AS CreateBy FROM dbo.DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck i RIGHT JOIN ( SELECT RTRIM(LTRIM(REPLACE(SUBSTRING(ipline, CHARINDEX(':', ipline) + 1, 20), '(首选)', ''))) AS 'ServerIP' FROM #tempserverip WHERE UPPER(ipline) LIKE '%IPv4 地址%'--这里需要注意一下，系统不同这里的匹配值就不同 AND UPPER(ipline) NOT LIKE '%192.168.%' AND UPPER(ipline) NOT LIKE '%169.254.%' ) p ON i.ServerIP = p.ServerIP WHERE i.ServerIP IS NULL --只关注漂来飘往数据 --0002 -20180530 针对20180530持续告警问题，发现告警时间超过预期，进行优化。聚焦点再表DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck中的CreateTime栏位，精准更新 begin update i set i.CreateTime=getdate() FROM dbo.DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck i RIGHT JOIN ( SELECT RTRIM(LTRIM(REPLACE(SUBSTRING(ipline, CHARINDEX(':', ipline) + 1, 20), '(首选)', ''))) AS 'ServerIP' FROM #tempserverip WHERE UPPER(ipline) LIKE '%IPv4 地址%'--这里需要注意一下，系统不同这里的匹配值就不同 AND UPPER(ipline) NOT LIKE '%192.168.%' AND UPPER(ipline) NOT LIKE '%169.254.%' ) p ON i.ServerIP = p.ServerIP ------ DECLARE IP CURSOR FOR SELECT ServerIP FROM dbo.DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck WHERE DisabledFlag IS NOT NULL AND DisabledFlag=0 OPEN IP FETCH NEXT FROM IP INTO @ip WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN --SET @pingname = 'ping -a ' + @ip SET @pingname = 'ping -a ' + @ip + ' -n 1 -l 10' TRUNCATE TABLE #tempserverip INSERT #tempserverip EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @pingname SELECT @ServerName = REPLACE(RTRIM(LTRIM(SUBSTRING(ipline, 8, CHARINDEX('[', ipline) - 8))), '.XXXXXX.com', '') ,-----加域的电脑，计算机名字可能带有域名，请根据实际情况替换 @ServerFullName = RTRIM(LTRIM(SUBSTRING(ipline, 8, CHARINDEX('[', ipline) - 8))) FROM #tempserverip WHERE ipline LIKE '%正在 Ping%' UPDATE dbo.DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck SET ServerName = @ServerName , ServerFullName = @ServerFullName WHERE ServerIP = @ip FETCH NEXT FROM IP INTO @ip END CLOSE IP DEALLOCATE IP UPDATE dbo.DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck SET ServerIPType = 'Localhost' WHERE ServerName = @@SERVERNAME if OBJECT_ID('sys.availability_group_listener_ip_addresses') IS NOT NULL begin update a set a.ServerIPType='ListenIP' from DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck a inner join sys.availability_group_listener_ip_addresses b on a.ServerIP=b.ip_address end IF OBJECT_ID('sys.dm_hadr_cluster') IS NOT NULL BEGIN UPDATE dbo.DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck SET ClusterName=(SELECT cluster_name FROM sys.dm_hadr_cluster) UPDATE dbo.DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck SET ServerIPType='WindowsCluster' WHERE ServerName=(SELECT cluster_name FROM sys.dm_hadr_cluster) END IF OBJECT_ID('sys.dm_hadr_cluster') IS NULL BEGIN UPDATE dbo.DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck SET ClusterName='Not Cluster' END --0002 -20180530 针对20180530持续告警问题，发现告警时间超过预期，进行优化。聚焦点再表DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck中的CreateTime栏位，精准更新 begin UPDATE DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck SET DataBaseName=STUFF( (SELECT ',' + name FROM sys.databases WHERE name not in ('master' ,'tempdb','model','msdb','ReportServer','ReportServerTempDB','distribution') for xml path('') ), 1,1,'') -----002 end --the mail alarm declare @SQL as varchar(200) declare @Subject as varchar(200)=N'DB SERVER IP 有漂移,请检查确认！' declare @Body as nvarchar(max)='' select @PreDiffDateTime= CreateTime from DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin order by CreateTime SELECT TOP 0 A.* into #temp_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck_diff FROM DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck A INNER JOIN DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin B ON A.ServerIP =B.ServerIP IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck A LEFT JOIN DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin B ON A.ServerIP =B.ServerIP WHERE B.ServerIP IS NULL) BEGIN INSERT INTO #temp_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck_diff SELECT A.* FROM DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck A LEFT JOIN DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin B ON A.ServerIP =B.ServerIP WHERE B.ServerIP IS NULL if exists( select * from #temp_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck_diff ) begin set @Body= N'<html>' + N'<style type="text/css">' + N' td {border:solid #9ec9ec; border-1px 1px 1px 1px; padding:4px 0px;}' + N' table {border:1px solid #9ec9ec;80%;border-0px 0px 0px 0px;font-size:14px}' + N'</style>' + N'<H1 style="color:#FF0000;font-size:14px"></H1>' SET @Body=@Body+'<body><font color=#0000CC>Dear All,<br><br> 此List是监控到过去10 MIn Server IP 异常情况,'+@ServerIP +'服务器有新IP创建声明（新增）， 请及时Check。具体数据如下：;<br><br><table>' SET @Body=@Body+'<tr bgcolor=#FFFF00 align="center"><td>ClusterName</td><td>ServerIP</td><td>ServerName</td><td>ServerIPType</td><td>DatabaseName</td><td>DisabledFlag</td><td>当前时间</td><td>差异采样时间</td></tr>' SELECT @Body=@Body+'<tr><td>'+ClusterName+'</td><td>'+ServerIP+'</td><td>'+ServerName+'</td><td>'+ServerIPType+'</td><td>'+DatabaseName+'</td><td>'+ DisabledFlag+'</td><td>'+@CurrDateTime+'</td><td>'+ @PreDiffDateTime+'</td></tr>' from #temp_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck_diff SET @Body = @Body +'</table><font color=#0000CC><br><br>DBA<br>Best wishes</body><html>' end END IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck A RIGHT JOIN DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin B ON A.ServerIP =B.ServerIP WHERE A.ServerIP IS NULL) BEGIN DELETE FROM #temp_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck_diff INSERT INTO #temp_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck_diff SELECT A.* FROM DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck A RIGHT JOIN DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin B ON A.ServerIP =B.ServerIP WHERE A.ServerIP IS NULL if exists( select * from #temp_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck_diff ) begin set @Body= N'<html>' + N'<style type="text/css">' + N' td {border:solid #9ec9ec; border-1px 1px 1px 1px; padding:4px 0px;}' + N' table {border:1px solid #9ec9ec;80%;border-0px 0px 0px 0px;font-size:14px}' + N'</style>' + N'<H1 style="color:#FF0000;font-size:14px"></H1>' SET @Body=@Body+'<body><font color=#0000CC>Dear All,<br><br> 此List是监控到过去10 MIn Server IP 异常情况,'+@ServerIP +'服务器有IP漂移（消减）， 请及时Check。具体数据如下：;<br><br><table>' SET @Body=@Body+'<tr bgcolor=#FFFF00 align="center"><td>ClusterName</td><td>ServerIP</td><td>ServerName</td><td>ServerIPType</td><td>DatabaseName</td><td>DisabledFlag</td><td>当前时间</td><td>差异采样时间</td></tr>' SELECT @Body=@Body+'<tr><td>'+ClusterName+'</td><td>'+ServerIP+'</td><td>'+ServerName+'</td><td>'+ServerIPType+'</td><td>'+DatabaseName+'</td><td>'+ DisabledFlag+'</td><td>'+@CurrDateTime+'</td><td>'+ @PreDiffDateTime+'</td></tr>' from #temp_DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck_diff SET @Body = @Body +'</table><font color=#0000CC><br><br>DBA<br>Best wishes</body><html>' end END SET @BODY=REPLACE(@BODY,'''','') IF REPLACE(@BODY,' ','')<>'' BEGIN Declare @AllEmailToAddress varchar(3000)='' Declare @AllEmailCcAddress varchar(3000)='' Select @AllEmailToAddress='hanmeimei;xiaoming;lilei' Select @AllEmailCcAddress='laoban' exec msdb..sp_send_dbmail @profile_name = 'AutoMail' -- profile 名称，请检查此参数，根据实际情况进行替换 ,@recipients = @AllEmailToAddress -- 收件人邮箱 ,@copy_recipients=@AllEmailCcAddress ,@subject = @Subject -- 邮件标题 ,@body = @BODY -- 邮件内容 ,@body_format = 'HTML' -- 邮件格式 ,@file_attachments='' ,@importance = 'HIGH' -- varchar(10) 告警级别 END ------------------新增立即插入----------- insert into [dbo].[DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin] select a.* from DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck a left join DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin b on a.ServerIP=b.ServerIP where b.ServerIP is null ---漂移后，指定时间段后直接删除过时数据,暂定八个小时。【即如果有漂移（减少），减少的IP信息，则在指定时间后，删除。】 delete b from DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheck a right join DBA_ServerIPDataBase_OverCheckOriginOrigin b on a.ServerIP=b.ServerIP where a.ServerIP is null and b.CreateTime< CONVERT(VARCHAR(19),DATEADD( HH,-3,GETDATE()),120)
-----将数据插入到远程Server DB中，远程Server有一个SP过程，用来判断漂移前/后DB是否有变化。远程的SP主要是依据 LocalServerIP 和 ServerIP 对应关系变化情况来判断。这段代码省略，下次再描述 SET NOCOUNT OFF End GO
4.功能实现
例如当 服务器有新IP创建声明（新增）时，其发出的告警邮件如下：
本文版权归作者所有，未经作者同意不得转载,谢谢配合！！！
本文版权归作者所有，未经作者同意不得转载,谢谢配合！！！
本文版权归作者所有，未经作者同意不得转载,谢谢配合！！！