防火墙（入站规则）C++修改方法以解决服务器无法连接问题

为啥要关注防火墙

今天项目中的p2p直连遇到了问题。经过排查，发现充当服务器的一端进入listen状态后，另外的客户端一端connect失败。

错误码10060（超时）。

开始时怀疑客户端connect的时候，服务器还没准备好，或者哪里的代码有问题。然后下载了一个tcp测试工具。启动后发现

测试工具也无法正常直连。

然后发现原因是网络管理（防火墙）的问题。

即机器上的入站规则没有添加，导致连接的时候被防火墙屏蔽了。把“阻止”改成“允许”就ok了。

看了下已有的入站规则

如微信是已经写入防火墙的。看来应该有程序写入防火墙的方法。

搜索了下：

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/netfw/

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/previous-versions/windows/desktop/ics/windows-firewall-advanced-security-start-page

网上找到的示例代码（2010年前的代码，我电脑的win10无效）

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <crtdbg.h>
#include <netfw.h>
#include <objbase.h>
#include <oleauto.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#pragma comment( lib, "ole32.lib" )
#pragma comment( lib, "oleaut32.lib" )
HRESULT WindowsFirewallInitialize(OUT INetFwProfile** fwProfile)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    INetFwMgr* fwMgr = NULL;
    INetFwPolicy* fwPolicy = NULL;

    _ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);

    *fwProfile = NULL;

    // Create an instance of the firewall settings manager.
    hr = CoCreateInstance(
        __uuidof(NetFwMgr),
        NULL,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        __uuidof(INetFwMgr),
        (void**)&fwMgr
        );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoCreateInstance failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Retrieve the local firewall policy.
    hr = fwMgr->get_LocalPolicy(&fwPolicy);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_LocalPolicy failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Retrieve the firewall profile currently in effect.
    hr = fwPolicy->get_CurrentProfile(fwProfile);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_CurrentProfile failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

error:

    // Release the local firewall policy.
    if (fwPolicy != NULL)
    {
        fwPolicy->Release();
    }

    // Release the firewall settings manager.
    if (fwMgr != NULL)
    {
        fwMgr->Release();
    }

    return hr;
}


void WindowsFirewallCleanup(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile)
{
    // Release the firewall profile.
    if (fwProfile != NULL)
    {
        fwProfile->Release();
    }
}


HRESULT WindowsFirewallIsOn(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile, OUT BOOL* fwOn)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    VARIANT_BOOL fwEnabled;

    _ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
    _ASSERT(fwOn != NULL);

    *fwOn = FALSE;

    // Get the current state of the firewall.
    hr = fwProfile->get_FirewallEnabled(&fwEnabled);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_FirewallEnabled failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Check to see if the firewall is on.
    if (fwEnabled != VARIANT_FALSE)
    {
        *fwOn = TRUE;
        printf("The firewall is on.
");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("The firewall is off.
");
    }

error:

    return hr;
}


HRESULT WindowsFirewallTurnOn(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    BOOL fwOn;

    _ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);

    // Check to see if the firewall is off.
    hr = WindowsFirewallIsOn(fwProfile, &fwOn);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsFirewallIsOn failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // If it is, turn it on.
    if (!fwOn)
    {
        // Turn the firewall on.
        hr = fwProfile->put_FirewallEnabled(VARIANT_TRUE);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("put_FirewallEnabled failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        printf("The firewall is now on.
");
    }

error:

    return hr;
}


HRESULT WindowsFirewallTurnOff(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    BOOL fwOn;

    _ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);

    // Check to see if the firewall is on.
    hr = WindowsFirewallIsOn(fwProfile, &fwOn);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsFirewallIsOn failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // If it is, turn it off.
    if (fwOn)
    {
        // Turn the firewall off.
        hr = fwProfile->put_FirewallEnabled(VARIANT_FALSE);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("put_FirewallEnabled failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        printf("The firewall is now off.
");
    }

error:

    return hr;
}


HRESULT WindowsFirewallAppIsEnabled(
    IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
    IN const wchar_t* fwProcessImageFileName,
    OUT BOOL* fwAppEnabled
    )
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    BSTR fwBstrProcessImageFileName = NULL;
    VARIANT_BOOL fwEnabled;
    INetFwAuthorizedApplication* fwApp = NULL;
    INetFwAuthorizedApplications* fwApps = NULL;

    _ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
    _ASSERT(fwProcessImageFileName != NULL);
    _ASSERT(fwAppEnabled != NULL);

    *fwAppEnabled = FALSE;

    // Retrieve the authorized application collection.
    hr = fwProfile->get_AuthorizedApplications(&fwApps);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_AuthorizedApplications failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Allocate a BSTR for the process image file name.
    fwBstrProcessImageFileName = SysAllocString(fwProcessImageFileName);
    if (SysStringLen(fwBstrProcessImageFileName) == 0)
    {
        hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
        printf("SysAllocString failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Attempt to retrieve the authorized application.
    hr = fwApps->Item(fwBstrProcessImageFileName, &fwApp);
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        // Find out if the authorized application is enabled.
        hr = fwApp->get_Enabled(&fwEnabled);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("get_Enabled failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        if (fwEnabled != VARIANT_FALSE)
        {
            // The authorized application is enabled.
            *fwAppEnabled = TRUE;

            printf(
                "Authorized application %lS is enabled in the firewall.
",
                fwProcessImageFileName
                );
        }
        else
        {
            printf(
                "Authorized application %lS is disabled in the firewall.
",
                fwProcessImageFileName
                );
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // The authorized application was not in the collection.
        hr = S_OK;

        printf(
            "Authorized application %lS is disabled in the firewall.
",
            fwProcessImageFileName
            );
    }

error:

    // Free the BSTR.
    SysFreeString(fwBstrProcessImageFileName);

    // Release the authorized application instance.
    if (fwApp != NULL)
    {
        fwApp->Release();
    }

    // Release the authorized application collection.
    if (fwApps != NULL)
    {
        fwApps->Release();
    }

    return hr;
}


HRESULT WindowsFirewallAddApp(
    IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
    IN const wchar_t* fwProcessImageFileName,
    IN const wchar_t* fwName
    )
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    BOOL fwAppEnabled;
    BSTR fwBstrName = NULL;
    BSTR fwBstrProcessImageFileName = NULL;
    INetFwAuthorizedApplication* fwApp = NULL;
    INetFwAuthorizedApplications* fwApps = NULL;

    _ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
    _ASSERT(fwProcessImageFileName != NULL);
    _ASSERT(fwName != NULL);

    // First check to see if the application is already authorized.
    hr = WindowsFirewallAppIsEnabled(
        fwProfile,
        fwProcessImageFileName,
        &fwAppEnabled
        );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsFirewallAppIsEnabled failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Only add the application if it isn't already authorized.
    if (!fwAppEnabled)
    {
        // Retrieve the authorized application collection.
        hr = fwProfile->get_AuthorizedApplications(&fwApps);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("get_AuthorizedApplications failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Create an instance of an authorized application.
        hr = CoCreateInstance(
            __uuidof(NetFwAuthorizedApplication),
            NULL,
            CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
            __uuidof(INetFwAuthorizedApplication),
            (void**)&fwApp
            );
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("CoCreateInstance failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Allocate a BSTR for the process image file name.
        fwBstrProcessImageFileName = SysAllocString(fwProcessImageFileName);
        if (SysStringLen(fwBstrProcessImageFileName) == 0)
        {
            hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
            printf("SysAllocString failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Set the process image file name.
        hr = fwApp->put_ProcessImageFileName(fwBstrProcessImageFileName);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("put_ProcessImageFileName failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Allocate a BSTR for the application friendly name.
        fwBstrName = SysAllocString(fwName);
        if (SysStringLen(fwBstrName) == 0)
        {
            hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
            printf("SysAllocString failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Set the application friendly name.
        hr = fwApp->put_Name(fwBstrName);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("put_Name failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Add the application to the collection.
        hr = fwApps->Add(fwApp);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("Add failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        printf(
            "Authorized application %lS is now enabled in the firewall.
",
            fwProcessImageFileName
            );
    }

error:

    // Free the BSTRs.
    SysFreeString(fwBstrName);
    SysFreeString(fwBstrProcessImageFileName);

    // Release the authorized application instance.
    if (fwApp != NULL)
    {
        fwApp->Release();
    }

    // Release the authorized application collection.
    if (fwApps != NULL)
    {
        fwApps->Release();
    }

    return hr;
}


HRESULT WindowsFirewallPortIsEnabled(
    IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
    IN LONG portNumber,
    IN NET_FW_IP_PROTOCOL ipProtocol,
    OUT BOOL* fwPortEnabled
    )
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    VARIANT_BOOL fwEnabled;
    INetFwOpenPort* fwOpenPort = NULL;
    INetFwOpenPorts* fwOpenPorts = NULL;

    _ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
    _ASSERT(fwPortEnabled != NULL);

    *fwPortEnabled = FALSE;

    // Retrieve the globally open ports collection.
    hr = fwProfile->get_GloballyOpenPorts(&fwOpenPorts);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_GloballyOpenPorts failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Attempt to retrieve the globally open port.
    hr = fwOpenPorts->Item(portNumber, ipProtocol, &fwOpenPort);
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        // Find out if the globally open port is enabled.
        hr = fwOpenPort->get_Enabled(&fwEnabled);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("get_Enabled failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        if (fwEnabled != VARIANT_FALSE)
        {
            // The globally open port is enabled.
            *fwPortEnabled = TRUE;

            printf("Port %ld is open in the firewall.
", portNumber);
        }
        else
        {
            printf("Port %ld is not open in the firewall.
", portNumber);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // The globally open port was not in the collection.
        hr = S_OK;

        printf("Port %ld is not open in the firewall.
", portNumber);
    }

error:

    // Release the globally open port.
    if (fwOpenPort != NULL)
    {
        fwOpenPort->Release();
    }

    // Release the globally open ports collection.
    if (fwOpenPorts != NULL)
    {
        fwOpenPorts->Release();
    }

    return hr;
}


HRESULT WindowsFirewallPortAdd(
    IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
    IN LONG portNumber,
    IN NET_FW_IP_PROTOCOL ipProtocol,
    IN const wchar_t* name
    )
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    BOOL fwPortEnabled;
    BSTR fwBstrName = NULL;
    INetFwOpenPort* fwOpenPort = NULL;
    INetFwOpenPorts* fwOpenPorts = NULL;

    _ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
    _ASSERT(name != NULL);

    // First check to see if the port is already added.
    hr = WindowsFirewallPortIsEnabled(
        fwProfile,
        portNumber,
        ipProtocol,
        &fwPortEnabled
        );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsFirewallPortIsEnabled failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Only add the port if it isn't already added.
    if (!fwPortEnabled)
    {
        // Retrieve the collection of globally open ports.
        hr = fwProfile->get_GloballyOpenPorts(&fwOpenPorts);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("get_GloballyOpenPorts failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Create an instance of an open port.
        hr = CoCreateInstance(
            __uuidof(NetFwOpenPort),
            NULL,
            CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
            __uuidof(INetFwOpenPort),
            (void**)&fwOpenPort
            );
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("CoCreateInstance failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Set the port number.
        hr = fwOpenPort->put_Port(portNumber);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("put_Port failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Set the IP protocol.
        hr = fwOpenPort->put_Protocol(ipProtocol);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("put_Protocol failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Allocate a BSTR for the friendly name of the port.
        fwBstrName = SysAllocString(name);
        if (SysStringLen(fwBstrName) == 0)
        {
            hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
            printf("SysAllocString failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Set the friendly name of the port.
        hr = fwOpenPort->put_Name(fwBstrName);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("put_Name failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        // Opens the port and adds it to the collection.
        hr = fwOpenPorts->Add(fwOpenPort);
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("Add failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }

        printf("Port %ld is now open in the firewall.
", portNumber);
    }

error:

    // Free the BSTR.
    SysFreeString(fwBstrName);

    // Release the open port instance.
    if (fwOpenPort != NULL)
    {
        fwOpenPort->Release();
    }

    // Release the globally open ports collection.
    if (fwOpenPorts != NULL)
    {
        fwOpenPorts->Release();
    }

    return hr;
}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    HRESULT comInit = E_FAIL;
    INetFwProfile* fwProfile = NULL;

    // Initialize COM.
    comInit = CoInitializeEx(
        0,
        COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED | COINIT_DISABLE_OLE1DDE
        );

    // Ignore RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE; this just means that COM has already been
    // initialized with a different mode. Since we don't care what the mode is,
    // we'll just use the existing mode.
    if (comInit != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE)
    {
        hr = comInit;
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("CoInitializeEx failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    // Retrieve the firewall profile currently in effect.
    hr = WindowsFirewallInitialize(&fwProfile);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsFirewallInitialize failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Add Windows Messenger to the authorized application collection.
    hr = WindowsFirewallAddApp(
        fwProfile,
        L"E:\代码\个人测试代码\My\Debug\FW.exe",
        L"FW.EXE"
        );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsFirewallAddApp failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Add TCP::80 to list of globally open ports.
//     hr = WindowsFirewallPortAdd(fwProfile, 80, NET_FW_IP_PROTOCOL_TCP, L"WWW");
//     if (FAILED(hr))
//     {
//         printf("WindowsFirewallPortAdd failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
//         goto error;
//     }

error:

    // Release the firewall profile.
    WindowsFirewallCleanup(fwProfile);

    // Uninitialize COM.
    if (SUCCEEDED(comInit))
    {
        CoUninitialize();
    }

    return 0;

}

View Code

官网的适用于Win10的方法（得有管理员权限，否则add返回E_ACCESSDENIED The operation was aborted due to permissions issues）

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netfw.h>

#pragma comment( lib, "ole32.lib" )
#pragma comment( lib, "oleaut32.lib" )



// Forward declarations
HRESULT     WFCOMInitialize(INetFwPolicy2** ppNetFwPolicy2);


// Instantiate INetFwPolicy2
HRESULT WFCOMInitialize(INetFwPolicy2** ppNetFwPolicy2)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    hr = CoCreateInstance(
        __uuidof(NetFwPolicy2),
        NULL,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        __uuidof(INetFwPolicy2),
        (void**)ppNetFwPolicy2);

    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoCreateInstance for INetFwPolicy2 failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

Cleanup:
    return hr;
}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    HRESULT hrComInit = S_OK;
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    INetFwPolicy2 *pNetFwPolicy2 = NULL;
    INetFwRules *pFwRules = NULL;
    INetFwRule *pFwRule = NULL;

    long CurrentProfilesBitMask = 0;

    BSTR bstrRuleName = SysAllocString(L"PER_INTERFACETYPE_RULE_TWO");
    BSTR bstrRuleDescription = SysAllocString(L"Allow incoming network traffic over port 2400 coming from LAN interface type");
    BSTR bstrRuleGroup = SysAllocString(L"Sample Rule Group");
    BSTR bstrRuleLPorts = SysAllocString(L"2400-2450");
    BSTR bstrRuleInterfaceType = SysAllocString(L"LAN");

    // Initialize COM.
    hrComInit = CoInitializeEx(
        0,
        COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED
        );

    // Ignore RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE; this just means that COM has already been
    // initialized with a different mode. Since we don't care what the mode is,
    // we'll just use the existing mode.
    if (hrComInit != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE)
    {
        if (FAILED(hrComInit))
        {
            printf("CoInitializeEx failed: 0x%08lx
", hrComInit);
            goto Cleanup;
        }
    }

    // Retrieve INetFwPolicy2
    hr = WFCOMInitialize(&pNetFwPolicy2);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Retrieve INetFwRules
    hr = pNetFwPolicy2->get_Rules(&pFwRules);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_Rules failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Retrieve Current Profiles bitmask
    hr = pNetFwPolicy2->get_CurrentProfileTypes(&CurrentProfilesBitMask);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_CurrentProfileTypes failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // When possible we avoid adding firewall rules to the Public profile.
    // If Public is currently active and it is not the only active profile, we remove it from the bitmask
    if ((CurrentProfilesBitMask & NET_FW_PROFILE2_PUBLIC) &&
    (CurrentProfilesBitMask != NET_FW_PROFILE2_PUBLIC))
    {
        CurrentProfilesBitMask ^= NET_FW_PROFILE2_PUBLIC;
    }

    // Create a new Firewall Rule object.
    hr = CoCreateInstance(
        __uuidof(NetFwRule),
        NULL,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        __uuidof(INetFwRule),
        (void**)&pFwRule);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoCreateInstance for Firewall Rule failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Populate the Firewall Rule object
    pFwRule->put_Name(bstrRuleName);
    pFwRule->put_Description(bstrRuleDescription);
    pFwRule->put_Protocol(NET_FW_IP_PROTOCOL_TCP);
    pFwRule->put_LocalPorts(bstrRuleLPorts);
    pFwRule->put_Grouping(bstrRuleGroup);
    pFwRule->put_InterfaceTypes(bstrRuleInterfaceType);
    pFwRule->put_Profiles(CurrentProfilesBitMask);
    pFwRule->put_Action(NET_FW_ACTION_ALLOW);
    pFwRule->put_Enabled(VARIANT_TRUE);

    // Add the Firewall Rule
    hr = pFwRules->Add(pFwRule);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Firewall Rule Add failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

Cleanup:

    // Free BSTR's
    SysFreeString(bstrRuleName);
    SysFreeString(bstrRuleDescription);
    SysFreeString(bstrRuleGroup);
    SysFreeString(bstrRuleLPorts);
    SysFreeString(bstrRuleInterfaceType);

    // Release the INetFwRule object
    if (pFwRule != NULL)
    {
        pFwRule->Release();
    }

    // Release the INetFwRules object
    if (pFwRules != NULL)
    {
        pFwRules->Release();
    }

    // Release the INetFwPolicy2 object
    if (pNetFwPolicy2 != NULL)
    {
        pNetFwPolicy2->Release();
    }

    // Uninitialize COM.
    if (SUCCEEDED(hrComInit))
    {
        CoUninitialize();
    }

    getchar();
    return 0;

}

View Code

自己写了一个函数WriteFireWall支持各类操作系统、（麻烦帮我测试下xp，没找到机器。。）

update 2019-11-14 增加一个参数，如果存在是否不添加。true 不添加 false 添加

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netfw.h>

#pragma warning(disable: 4996) //解决GetVersionEx 过期问题
void WriteFireWallXP(LPCTSTR ruleName, LPCTSTR appPath,bool NoopIfExist)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    HRESULT comInit = E_FAIL;
    INetFwProfile* fwProfile = NULL;
    INetFwMgr* fwMgr = NULL;
    INetFwPolicy* fwPolicy = NULL;
    INetFwAuthorizedApplication* fwApp = NULL;
    INetFwAuthorizedApplications* fwApps = NULL;
    BSTR bstrRuleName = SysAllocString(ruleName);
    BSTR bstrAppName = SysAllocString(appPath);

    // Initialize COM.
    comInit = CoInitializeEx(
        0,
        COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED | COINIT_DISABLE_OLE1DDE
        );

    // Ignore RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE; this just means that COM has already been
    // initialized with a different mode. Since we don't care what the mode is,
    // we'll just use the existing mode.
    if (comInit != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE)
    {
        hr = comInit;
        if (FAILED(hr))
        {
            printf("CoInitializeEx failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
            goto error;
        }
    }

    // Create an instance of the firewall settings manager.
    hr = CoCreateInstance(
        __uuidof(NetFwMgr),
        NULL,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        __uuidof(INetFwMgr),
        (void**)&fwMgr
        );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoCreateInstance failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }
    // Retrieve the local firewall policy.
    hr = fwMgr->get_LocalPolicy(&fwPolicy);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_LocalPolicy failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Retrieve the firewall profile currently in effect.
    hr = fwPolicy->get_CurrentProfile(&fwProfile);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_CurrentProfile failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }




    // Retrieve the authorized application collection.
    hr = fwProfile->get_AuthorizedApplications(&fwApps);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_AuthorizedApplications failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    //check if exist
    if (NoopIfExist)
    {
        hr = fwApps->Item(bstrRuleName, &fwApp);
        if (hr == S_OK)
        {
            printf("item is exist");
            goto error;
        }
    }


    // Create an instance of an authorized application.
    hr = CoCreateInstance(
        __uuidof(NetFwAuthorizedApplication),
        NULL,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        __uuidof(INetFwAuthorizedApplication),
        (void**)&fwApp
        );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoCreateInstance failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }
    // Set the process image file name.
    hr = fwApp->put_ProcessImageFileName(bstrAppName);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("put_ProcessImageFileName failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Set the application friendly name.
    hr = fwApp->put_Name(bstrRuleName);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("put_Name failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

    // Add the application to the collection.
    hr = fwApps->Add(fwApp);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Add failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto error;
    }

error:
    // Release the local firewall policy.
    if (fwPolicy != NULL)
    {
        fwPolicy->Release();
    }

    // Release the firewall settings manager.
    if (fwMgr != NULL)
    {
        fwMgr->Release();
    }
    SysFreeString(bstrRuleName);
    SysFreeString(bstrAppName);
    if (fwApp != NULL)
    {
        fwApp->Release();
    }

    // Release the authorized application collection.
    if (fwApps != NULL)
    {
        fwApps->Release();
    }

    if (fwProfile != NULL)
    {
        fwProfile->Release();
    }

    // Uninitialize COM.
    if (SUCCEEDED(comInit))
    {
        CoUninitialize();
    }
}

//写入防火墙，最低支持版本Windows Vista
void WriteFireWallOverXP(LPCTSTR ruleName, LPCTSTR appPath, bool NoopIfExist)
{
    HRESULT hrComInit = S_OK;
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    INetFwPolicy2 *pNetFwPolicy2 = NULL;
    INetFwRules *pFwRules = NULL;
    INetFwRule *pFwRule = NULL;


    BSTR bstrRuleName = SysAllocString(ruleName);
    BSTR bstrAppName = SysAllocString(appPath);

    // Initialize COM.
    hrComInit = CoInitializeEx(
        0,
        COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED
        );

    // Ignore RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE; this just means that COM has already been
    // initialized with a different mode. Since we don't care what the mode is,
    // we'll just use the existing mode.
    if (hrComInit != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE)
    {
        if (FAILED(hrComInit))
        {
            printf("CoInitializeEx failed: 0x%08lx
", hrComInit);
            goto Cleanup;
        }
    }

    // Retrieve INetFwPolicy2
    hr = CoCreateInstance(
        __uuidof(NetFwPolicy2),
        NULL,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        __uuidof(INetFwPolicy2),
        (void**)&pNetFwPolicy2);

    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoCreateInstance for INetFwPolicy2 failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Retrieve INetFwRules
    hr = pNetFwPolicy2->get_Rules(&pFwRules);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("get_Rules failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    //see if existed
    if (NoopIfExist)
    {
        hr = pFwRules->Item(bstrRuleName, &pFwRule);
        if (hr == S_OK)
        {
            printf("Item existed", hr);
            goto Cleanup;
        }
    }
    
    // Create a new Firewall Rule object.
    hr = CoCreateInstance(
        __uuidof(NetFwRule),
        NULL,
        CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
        __uuidof(INetFwRule),
        (void**)&pFwRule);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CoCreateInstance for Firewall Rule failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Populate the Firewall Rule object


    pFwRule->put_Name(bstrRuleName);
    pFwRule->put_ApplicationName(bstrAppName);
    pFwRule->put_Action(NET_FW_ACTION_ALLOW);
    pFwRule->put_Enabled(VARIANT_TRUE);

    // Add the Firewall Rule
    hr = pFwRules->Add(pFwRule);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Firewall Rule Add failed: 0x%08lx
", hr);
        goto Cleanup;
    }

Cleanup:

    // Free BSTR's
    SysFreeString(bstrRuleName);
    SysFreeString(bstrAppName);


    // Release the INetFwRule object
    if (pFwRule != NULL)
    {
        pFwRule->Release();
    }

    // Release the INetFwRules object
    if (pFwRules != NULL)
    {
        pFwRules->Release();
    }

    // Release the INetFwPolicy2 object
    if (pNetFwPolicy2 != NULL)
    {
        pNetFwPolicy2->Release();
    }

    // Uninitialize COM.
    if (SUCCEEDED(hrComInit))
    {
        CoUninitialize();
    }
}


void WriteFireWall(LPCTSTR ruleName, LPCTSTR appPath,bool NoopIfExist)
{
    //check windows version
    OSVERSIONINFO ovi = { sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO) };
    if (!::GetVersionEx(&ovi))
        return;
    int version = ovi.dwMajorVersion * 100 + ovi.dwMinorVersion;
    if (version < 600)  //600为vista
    {
        WriteFireWallXP(ruleName, appPath, NoopIfExist);
    }
    else
    {
        WriteFireWallOverXP(ruleName, appPath, NoopIfExist);
    }
}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{

    WriteFireWall(L"testfirewall", L"d:\test.text",true);
    getchar();
    return 0;

}

View Code

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xuhuajie/p/11756967.html

防火墙（入站规则）C++修改方法 以解决服务器无法连接问题

为啥要关注防火墙

防火墙相关API目录：

网上找到的示例代码（2010年前的代码，我电脑的win10无效）

官网的适用于Win10的方法（得有管理员权限，否则add返回E_ACCESSDENIED The operation was aborted due to permissions issues）

自己写了一个函数WriteFireWall支持各类操作系统、（麻烦帮我测试下xp，没找到机器。。）

防火墙（入站规则）C++修改方法以解决服务器无法连接问题