主要理解一下两点:
1.在C和C++中struct的常规使用。
2.在C++中struct和class基本一致,除了在访问控制权限方面,即:
通过struct关键字实现的类,属性,函数默认的访问权限为public;
通过class关键字实现的类,属性,函数默认的访问权限为private。
下面举例说明:
#include<iostream> using namespace std; struct point{ int x; int y; int fun(point &p) //在C++中,完全可以在struct中使用函数 { p.x = 100; p.y = 200; return 0; } point(int x, int y): x(x) , y(y){ } //等同于C++中的class }; struct teacher{ int age; char *name; }; int main(void){ point p(0,0); p.x = 1; p.y = 2; point p1= p; cout<<"p1.x="<<p1.x<<endl; cout<<"p1.y="<<p1.y<<endl; point *p3 = &p1; p3->x = 10; p3->y = 20; cout<<"p3->x="<<p3->x<<endl; cout<<"p3->y="<<p3->y<<endl; p3->fun(p1); cout<<"p3->x="<<p3->x<<endl; cout<<"p3->y="<<p3->y<<endl; point p4(1000,2000); cout<<"p4.x="<<p4.x<<endl; cout<<"p4.y="<<p4.y<<endl; cout<<"================struct在C中用法================"<<endl; cout<<"before define struct teacher,sizeof(teacher)="<<sizeof(teacher)<<endl; struct teacher t1; //定义时比较繁琐,需要添加struct关键字,也可以使用typedef声明,此处就不需要加struct关键字。同样在C++中可以直接不加struct关键字 cout<<"after define struct teacher,sizeof(teacher)="<<sizeof(teacher)<<endl; t1.age = 30; t1.name = "zhangsan"; cout<<"t1.age="<<t1.age<<endl; cout<<"t1.name="<<t1.name<<endl; struct teacher *t2 = &t1; t2->age = 35; t2->name = "lisi"; cout<<"t2->age="<<t2->age<<endl; cout<<"t2->name="<<t2->name<<endl; system("pause"); return 0; }
输出结果: