Linux C编程之二十 xml-json

一、XML

1. minixml官网地址 

    http://www.msweet.org/projects.php/Mini-XML

    其他解析xml开源库：tinyxml pugixml

    1）包含头文件: mxml.h

    2）编译的时候需要添加动态库: libmxml.so

• -lmxml
• /usr/local/lib

2. minixml安装:

• ./configure --enable-threads=no && make
• sudo make install

3. 新目录需要一个文件头 - 标准

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

• version不可以省略
• encoding可以省略

4. 使用注意事项

• 必须有一个根元素(节点) -- (只有一个)
• xml标签对大小写敏感
• 标签大多成对使用, 有开始, 有结束

<date></date>
<time></time>

5. 标签中可以添加属性

<node date="17/11/2017">
属性值必须加引号

6. 标签注释

    <!-- 这是注释 -->

7. 开源库minixml的使用

（1）跟标签的对应的节点，父亲节点是：文件头节点

（2）生成xml文件

   1）创建一个新的xml文件

mxml_node_t *mxmlNewXML(const char *version);

• 返回新创建的xml文件节点.
• 默认的文件的编码为utf8

   2）删除节点的内存

void mxmlDelete(mxml_node_t *node);

   3）添加一个新的节点

mxml_node_t *mxmlNewElement(
    mxml_node_t *parent, // 父节点
    const char *name // 新节点标签名
);

   4）设置节点的属性名和属性值 

void mxmlElementSetAttr(
    mxml_node_t *node, // 被设置属性的节点
    const char *name, // 节点的属性名
    const char *value // 属性值
);

   5）创建节点的文本内容

mxml_node_t *mxmlNewText ( 
    mxml_node_t *parent, // 节点地址
    int whitespace, // 是否有空白 0
    const char *string // 文本内容
);

   6）保存节点到xml文件

int mxmlSaveFile(
    mxml_node_t *node, // 根节点
    FILE *fp, // 文件指针
    mxml_save_cb_t cb // 默认MXML_NO_CALLBACK
);

（3）解析xml文件

   1）从文件加载xml到内存

mxml_node_t *mxmlLoadFile(
    mxml_node_t *top, // 一般为NULL
    FILE *fp, // 文件指针
    mxml_type_t (*cb)(mxml_node_t *) // 默认
    MXML_NO_CALLBACK
);

    2）获取节点的属性

const char *mxmlElementGetAttr(
    mxml_node_t *node, // 带属性的节点的地址
    const char *name // 属性名
);

   3）获取指定节点的文本内容

const char *mxmlGetText(
    mxml_node_t *node, // 节点的地址
    int *whitespace // 是否有空格
);

   4）跳转到下一个节点

mxml_node_t *mxmlWalkNext(
mxml_node_t *node, // 当前节点
mxml_node_t *top, // 根节点
int descend
);

descend：搜索的规则
         MXML_NO_DESCEND：查看同层级
         MXML_DESCEND_FIRST：查看下一层级的第一个
         MXML_DESCEND：一直向下搜索

   5）查找节点

mxml_node_t *mxmlFindElement(
     mxml_node_t *node, // 当前节点
     mxml_node_t *top, // 根节点
     const char *name, // 查找的标签名
     const char *attr, // 查找的标签的属性，没有属性传NULL
     const char *value, // 查找的标签的属性值，没有属性传NULL
     int descend // 同上 
);

8. 示例

（1）生成下面的xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<bookstore>
    <book category="儿童">
        <title>哈利波特</title>
        <autoro>JK.Rowling</autoro>
        <year>2005</year>
        <price>29.99</price>
    </book>
</bookstore>

#include <stdio.h>
#include "mxml.h"

int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
    // 添加文件头
    mxml_node_t* rootNode = mxmlNewXML("1.0");

    // 添加一个新节点
    mxml_node_t *bookStore = mxmlNewElement(rootNode, "bookstore");
    // 添加子节点 - book
    mxml_node_t* book = mxmlNewElement(bookStore, "book");
    // 添加book 的属性
    mxmlElementSetAttr(book, "category", "儿童");
    // 添加标题
    mxml_node_t* title = mxmlNewElement(book, "title");
    mxmlNewText(title, 0, "哈利波特");
    // 添加作者
    mxml_node_t* author = mxmlNewElement(book, "autoro");
    mxmlNewText(author, 0, "JK.Rowling");
    // 添加时间
    mxml_node_t* year = mxmlNewElement(book, "year");
    mxmlNewText(year, 0, "2005");
    // 添加价格
    mxml_node_t* price = mxmlNewElement(book, "price");
    mxmlNewText(price, 0, "29.99");

    // 保存数据到文件
    FILE* fp = fopen("book.xml", "w");
    mxmlSaveFile(rootNode, fp, MXML_NO_CALLBACK);
    fclose(fp);

    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include "mxml.h"

int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
    // 加载xml文件
    FILE* fp = fopen("book.xml", "r");
    mxml_node_t* root = mxmlLoadFile(NULL, fp, MXML_NO_CALLBACK);

    // 查找book节点
    mxml_node_t* book = mxmlFindElement(root, root, "book", "category", NULL, MXML_DESCEND);
    printf("book attr: %s
", mxmlElementGetAttr(book, "category"));

    mxml_node_t* node = mxmlWalkNext(book, root, MXML_DESCEND_FIRST);
    printf("    title: %s
", mxmlGetText(node, 0)); 

    node = mxmlWalkNext(node, root, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
    printf("    author: %s
", mxmlGetText(node, 0)); 

    node = mxmlWalkNext(node, root, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
    printf("    year: %s
", mxmlGetText(node, 0)); 

    node = mxmlWalkNext(node, root, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
    printf("    price: %s
", mxmlGetText(node, 0)); 

    fclose(fp);

    mxmlDelete(root);

    return 0;
}

（2）生成下面的xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<China>
    <City>
        <Name isbig="true">北京</Name>
        <Area>1.641万平方千米</Area>
        <Population>2200万</Population>
    </City>
    <City>
        <Name isbig="false">石家庄</Name>
        <Area>15848平方千米</Area>
        <Population>107万</Population>
    </City>
</China>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <mxml.h>

int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
    // 创建xml文件头节点
    mxml_node_t *xml = mxmlNewXML("1.0");

    // 创建xml根节点 - china
    mxml_node_t* china = mxmlNewElement(xml, "China");


    // 创建城市节点
    mxml_node_t* city = mxmlNewElement(china, "City");
    // 添加子节点
    // name
    mxml_node_t* name = mxmlNewElement(city, "Name");
    // 设置标签值
    mxmlNewText(name, 0, "北京");
    mxmlElementSetAttr(name, "isbig", "true");
    // 面积
    mxml_node_t* area = mxmlNewElement(city, "Area");
    mxmlNewText(area, 0, "1.641万平方千米");
    // 人口
    mxml_node_t* popu = mxmlNewElement(city, "Population");
    mxmlNewText(popu, 0, "2200万");

    // 第二个城市节点
    city = mxmlNewElement(china, "City");
    // name
    name = mxmlNewElement(city, "Name");
    mxmlNewText(name, 0, "石家庄");
    mxmlElementSetAttr(name, "isbig", "false");
    area = mxmlNewElement(city, "Area");
    mxmlNewText(area, 0, "15848平方千米");
    popu = mxmlNewElement(city, "Population");
    mxmlNewText(popu, 0, "107万");

    // 将xml内容保存到磁盘
    FILE* fp = fopen("china.xml", "w");
    mxmlSaveFile(xml, fp, MXML_NO_CALLBACK);
    fclose(fp);
    mxmlDelete(xml);
    
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <mxml.h>

int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
    // 从磁盘加载xml文件
    FILE* fp = fopen("china.xml", "r");
    if(fp == NULL)
    {
        printf("fopen error
");
        return 0;
    }
    // root 节点指向xml文件头
    mxml_node_t* root = mxmlLoadFile(NULL, fp, MXML_NO_CALLBACK);

    // 遍历 - 取出各个节点的值
    // 找到第一个城市节点
    mxml_node_t* city = mxmlFindElement(root, root, "City", NULL, NULL, MXML_DESCEND);
    if(city == NULL)
    {
        printf("xml node not found
");
        return 0;
    }
    while( city  )
    {
        printf("==================
");
        // 向下走一个节点
        mxml_node_t* node = mxmlWalkNext(city, root, MXML_DESCEND_FIRST);
        printf("city:   
");
        printf("    name = %s
", mxmlGetText(node, NULL));
        // 
        node = mxmlWalkNext(node, root, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
        printf("    area = %s
", mxmlGetText(node, NULL));
        //
        node = mxmlWalkNext(node, root, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
        printf("    population = %s
", mxmlGetText(node, NULL));
        // 搜索下一个城市节点
        city = mxmlFindElement(city, root, "City", NULL, NULL, MXML_DESCEND);
    }

    fclose(fp);
    mxmlDelete(root);

    return 0;
}

（3）xml 解析注意问题 

    注意：使用 minixml 开源库生成的 xml 会在一行，如果手动将调整 xml，则解析会有问题。下面的示例相同的xml，只是将在一行的xml进行调整，注意运行查看解析结果。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<car>
    <factory>
        <name>一汽大众</name>
        <brand>
            <name>高尔夫</name>
            <color>红色</color>
            <price>15万</price>
        </brand>
        <brand>
            <name>速腾</name>
            <color>银白</color>
            <price>18万</price>
        </brand>
        <brand>
            <name>迈腾</name>
            <color>黑灰</color>
            <price>28万</price>
        </brand>
    </factory>
    <factory>
        <brand>
            <name>帕萨特</name>
            <color>黑色</color>
            <price>25万</price>
        </brand>
        <brand>
            <name>POLO</name>
            <color>灰色</color>
            <price>8万</price>
        </brand>
    </factory>
</car>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><car><factory name="一汽大众"><brand><name>高尔夫</name><color>红色</color><price>15万</price></brand><brand><name>速腾</name><color>银白</color><price>18万</price></brand><brand><name>迈腾</name><color>黑灰</color><price>28万</price></brand></factory><factory name="上海大众"><brand><name>帕萨特</name><color>黑色</color><price>25万</price></brand><brand><name>POLO</name><color>灰色</color><price>8万</price></brand></factory></car>

#include <stdio.h>
#include "mxml.h"

int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
    if(argc < 2)
    {
        printf("./a.out filename
");
        return 0;
    }
    // 加载xml文件
    FILE* fp = fopen(argv[1], "r");
    mxml_node_t* root = mxmlLoadFile(NULL, fp, MXML_NO_CALLBACK);

    // 找到第一个factory节点
    mxml_node_t* factory = mxmlFindElement(root, root, "factory", "name", NULL, MXML_DESCEND);
    // 循环查找
    while( factory  )
    {
        // 打印几点的属性值
        printf("factory attr: %s
", mxmlElementGetAttr(factory, "name"));

        // 向下移动一个节点
        mxml_node_t* brand = mxmlWalkNext(factory, root, MXML_DESCEND);
        while( brand )
        {
            // name
            mxml_node_t* node = mxmlWalkNext(brand, root, MXML_DESCEND_FIRST);
            printf("    name: %s
", mxmlGetText(node, 0));
            // color
            node = mxmlWalkNext(node, root, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
            printf("    color: %s
", mxmlGetText(node, 0));
            // price
            node = mxmlWalkNext(node, root, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
            printf("    price: %s
", mxmlGetText(node, 0));
            printf("    =========================================
");

            // 找到下一个品牌节点
            brand = mxmlFindElement(brand, root, "brand", NULL, NULL, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
        }
        // 打印该厂家对应的车辆品牌和属性信息
        // 查找下一个节点
        factory = mxmlFindElement(factory, root, "factory", "name", NULL, MXML_NO_DESCEND);
    }
    mxmlDelete(root);
    fclose(fp);

    return 0;
}

上面代码编译：gcc c文件 -lmxml -lpthread

二、JSON

1. cjson的使用

    压缩包解压缩，直接使用里边的cJSON.c和cJSON.h即可

    链接时还需要加上-lm 表示链接math库

2. json数组

• char array[23] = "slkjflajslfd"; 
• 中括号[整形, 字符串, 布尔类型, json数组, json对象]，比如[123, 123.2, true, false, [12, 34, 56, "hello, world"]]

3. json对象

    {}中是一些键值对

{
    "name":"zhang3", 
    "name2":"li4"
}
key值: 必须是 字符串, 不重复
value值: json对象, json数组, 布尔, 整形, 字符串

4. json数组+json对象

{
    "name":"zhang3", 
    "name2":"li4",
    "张三":{
        "别名":"老王",
        "性别":"男",
        "年龄":34,
        "孩子":["小红", "小绿", "小黑"]
        }
}

5. C语言json开源解析库 - cjson

（1）生成json文件

   1）创建一个json对象

cJSON *cJSON_CreateObject(void);

   2） 往json对象中添加数据成员

void cJSON_AddItemToObject(
    cJSON *object, // json对象
    const char *string, // key值
    cJSON *item // value值（int，string，array，obj）
);

   3）创建一个整型值

cJSON *cJSON_CreateNumber(double num);

   4）创建一个字符串

cJSON *cJSON_CreateString(const char *string);

   5）创建一个json数组

cJSON *cJSON_CreateArray(void); -- 空数组

   6）创建默认有count个整形值的json数组

cJSON *cJSON_CreateIntArray(const int *numbers,int count);

• int arry[] = {8,3,4,5,6};
• cJSON_CreateIntArray(arry, 5);

   7）往json数组中添加数据成员

void cJSON_AddItemToArray(cJSON *array, cJSON *item);

   8）释放jSON结构指针

void cJSON_Delete(cJSON *c)

   9）将JSON结构转化为字符串

char *cJSON_Print(cJSON *item);

• 返回值需要使用free释放
• FILE* fp = fopen();
• fwrite();
• fclose();

（2）解析json文件

   1）将字符串解析为JSON结构

cJSON *cJSON_Parse(const char *value);

   注意：返回值需要使用cJSON_Delete释放

   2）根据键值查找json节点

cJSON *cJSON_GetObjectItem(
    cJSON *object, // 当前json对象
    const char *string // key值
);

   3）获取json数组中元素的个数

int cJSON_GetArraySize(cJSON *array);

   4） 根据数组下标找到对应的数组元素

cJSON *cJSON_GetArrayItem(cJSON *array, int index);

   5）判断是否有可以值对应的键值对

int cJSON_HasObjectItem(cJSON *object, const char *string);

（3）示例

    生成下面的JSON

{
    "奔驰":    {
        "factory":    "一汽大众",
        "last":    31,
        "price":    83,
        "sell":    49,
        "sum":    80,
        "other":    [124, "hello, world", false]
    }
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "cJSON.h"

int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
    // 创建json对象
    cJSON* obj = cJSON_CreateObject(); 

    // 创建子对象 - 品牌
    cJSON* brand = cJSON_CreateObject();
    // 添加键值对
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(brand, "factory", cJSON_CreateString("一汽大众"));
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(brand, "last", cJSON_CreateNumber(31));
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(brand, "price", cJSON_CreateNumber(83));
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(brand, "sell", cJSON_CreateNumber(49));
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(brand, "sum", cJSON_CreateNumber(80));

    // 创建json数组
    cJSON* array = cJSON_CreateArray();
    cJSON_AddItemToArray(array, cJSON_CreateNumber(124));
    cJSON_AddItemToArray(array, cJSON_CreateString("hello, world"));
    cJSON_AddItemToArray(array, cJSON_CreateBool(0));
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(brand, "other", array);

    cJSON_AddItemToObject(obj, "奔驰", brand);

    // 格式化json对象
    char* text = cJSON_Print(obj);
    FILE* fp = fopen("car.json", "w");
    fwrite(text, 1, strlen(text), fp);
    fclose(fp);

    return 0;
}

/*
  Copyright (c) 2009 Dave Gamble

  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  THE SOFTWARE.
*/

/* cJSON */
/* JSON parser in C. */

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "cJSON.h"

/* define our own boolean type */
typedef int cjbool;
#define true ((cjbool)1)
#define false ((cjbool)0)

static const unsigned char *global_ep = NULL;

const char *cJSON_GetErrorPtr(void)
{
    return (const char*) global_ep;
}

/* This is a safeguard to prevent copy-pasters from using incompatible C and header files */
#if (CJSON_VERSION_MAJOR != 1) || (CJSON_VERSION_MINOR != 3) || (CJSON_VERSION_PATCH != 0)
    #error cJSON.h and cJSON.c have different versions. Make sure that both have the same.
#endif

extern const char* cJSON_Version(void)
{
    static char version[15];
    sprintf(version, "%i.%i.%i", CJSON_VERSION_MAJOR, CJSON_VERSION_MINOR, CJSON_VERSION_PATCH);

    return version;
}

/* case insensitive strcmp */
static int cJSON_strcasecmp(const unsigned char *s1, const unsigned char *s2)
{
    if (!s1)
    {
        return (s1 == s2) ? 0 : 1; /* both NULL? */
    }
    if (!s2)
    {
        return 1;
    }
    for(; tolower(*s1) == tolower(*s2); ++s1, ++s2)
    {
        if (*s1 == '')
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }

    return tolower(*s1) - tolower(*s2);
}

static void *(*cJSON_malloc)(size_t sz) = malloc;
static void (*cJSON_free)(void *ptr) = free;

static unsigned char* cJSON_strdup(const unsigned char* str)
{
    size_t len = 0;
    unsigned char *copy = NULL;

    if (str == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    len = strlen((const char*)str) + 1;
    if (!(copy = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(len)))
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    memcpy(copy, str, len);

    return copy;
}

void cJSON_InitHooks(cJSON_Hooks* hooks)
{
    if (!hooks)
    {
        /* Reset hooks */
        cJSON_malloc = malloc;
        cJSON_free = free;
        return;
    }

    cJSON_malloc = (hooks->malloc_fn) ? hooks->malloc_fn : malloc;
    cJSON_free = (hooks->free_fn) ? hooks->free_fn : free;
}

/* Internal constructor. */
static cJSON *cJSON_New_Item(void)
{
    cJSON* node = (cJSON*)cJSON_malloc(sizeof(cJSON));
    if (node)
    {
        memset(node, '', sizeof(cJSON));
    }

    return node;
}

/* Delete a cJSON structure. */
void cJSON_Delete(cJSON *c)
{
    cJSON *next = NULL;
    while (c)
    {
        next = c->next;
        if (!(c->type & cJSON_IsReference) && c->child)
        {
            cJSON_Delete(c->child);
        }
        if (!(c->type & cJSON_IsReference) && c->valuestring)
        {
            cJSON_free(c->valuestring);
        }
        if (!(c->type & cJSON_StringIsConst) && c->string)
        {
            cJSON_free(c->string);
        }
        cJSON_free(c);
        c = next;
    }
}

/* Parse the input text to generate a number, and populate the result into item. */
static const unsigned char *parse_number(cJSON * const item, const unsigned char * const input)
{
    double number = 0;
    unsigned char *after_end = NULL;

    if (input == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    number = strtod((const char*)input, (char**)&after_end);
    if (input == after_end)
    {
        return NULL; /* parse_error */
    }

    item->valuedouble = number;

    /* use saturation in case of overflow */
    if (number >= INT_MAX)
    {
        item->valueint = INT_MAX;
    }
    else if (number <= INT_MIN)
    {
        item->valueint = INT_MIN;
    }
    else
    {
        item->valueint = (int)number;
    }

    item->type = cJSON_Number;

    return after_end;
}

/* don't ask me, but the original cJSON_SetNumberValue returns an integer or double */
double cJSON_SetNumberHelper(cJSON *object, double number)
{
    if (number >= INT_MAX)
    {
        object->valueint = INT_MAX;
    }
    else if (number <= INT_MIN)
    {
        object->valueint = INT_MIN;
    }
    else
    {
        object->valueint = cJSON_Number;
    }

    return object->valuedouble = number;
}

typedef struct
{
    unsigned char *buffer;
    size_t length;
    size_t offset;
    cjbool noalloc;
} printbuffer;

/* realloc printbuffer if necessary to have at least "needed" bytes more */
static unsigned char* ensure(printbuffer *p, size_t needed)
{
    unsigned char *newbuffer = NULL;
    size_t newsize = 0;

    if (needed > INT_MAX)
    {
        /* sizes bigger than INT_MAX are currently not supported */
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!p || !p->buffer)
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    needed += p->offset;
    if (needed <= p->length)
    {
        return p->buffer + p->offset;
    }

    if (p->noalloc) {
        return NULL;
    }

    /* calculate new buffer size */
    newsize = needed * 2;
    if (newsize > INT_MAX)
    {
        /* overflow of int, use INT_MAX if possible */
        if (needed <= INT_MAX)
        {
            newsize = INT_MAX;
        }
        else
        {
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    newbuffer = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(newsize);
    if (!newbuffer)
    {
        cJSON_free(p->buffer);
        p->length = 0;
        p->buffer = NULL;

        return NULL;
    }
    if (newbuffer)
    {
        memcpy(newbuffer, p->buffer, p->length);
    }
    cJSON_free(p->buffer);
    p->length = newsize;
    p->buffer = newbuffer;

    return newbuffer + p->offset;
}

/* calculate the new length of the string in a printbuffer */
static size_t update(const printbuffer *p)
{
    const unsigned char *str = NULL;
    if (!p || !p->buffer)
    {
        return 0;
    }
    str = p->buffer + p->offset;

    return p->offset + strlen((const char*)str);
}

/* Render the number nicely from the given item into a string. */
static unsigned char *print_number(const cJSON *item, printbuffer *p)
{
    unsigned char *str = NULL;
    double d = item->valuedouble;
    /* special case for 0. */
    if (d == 0)
    {
        if (p)
        {
            str = ensure(p, 2);
        }
        else
        {
            str = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(2);
        }
        if (str)
        {
            strcpy((char*)str,"0");
        }
    }
    /* value is an int */
    else if ((fabs(((double)item->valueint) - d) <= DBL_EPSILON) && (d <= INT_MAX) && (d >= INT_MIN))
    {
        if (p)
        {
            str = ensure(p, 21);
        }
        else
        {
            /* 2^64+1 can be represented in 21 chars. */
            str = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(21);
        }
        if (str)
        {
            sprintf((char*)str, "%d", item->valueint);
        }
    }
    /* value is a floating point number */
    else
    {
        if (p)
        {
            /* This is a nice tradeoff. */
            str = ensure(p, 64);
        }
        else
        {
            /* This is a nice tradeoff. */
            str = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(64);
        }
        if (str)
        {
            /* This checks for NaN and Infinity */
            if ((d * 0) != 0)
            {
                sprintf((char*)str, "null");
            }
            else if ((fabs(floor(d) - d) <= DBL_EPSILON) && (fabs(d) < 1.0e60))
            {
                sprintf((char*)str, "%.0f", d);
            }
            else if ((fabs(d) < 1.0e-6) || (fabs(d) > 1.0e9))
            {
                sprintf((char*)str, "%e", d);
            }
            else
            {
                sprintf((char*)str, "%f", d);
            }
        }
    }
    return str;
}

/* parse 4 digit hexadecimal number */
static unsigned parse_hex4(const unsigned char * const input)
{
    unsigned int h = 0;
    size_t i = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
    {
        /* parse digit */
        if ((input[i] >= '0') && (input[i] <= '9'))
        {
            h += (unsigned int) input[i] - '0';
        }
        else if ((input[i] >= 'A') && (input[i] <= 'F'))
        {
            h += (unsigned int) 10 + input[i] - 'A';
        }
        else if ((input[i] >= 'a') && (input[i] <= 'f'))
        {
            h += (unsigned int) 10 + input[i] - 'a';
        }
        else /* invalid */
        {
            return 0;
        }

        if (i < 3)
        {
            /* shift left to make place for the next nibble */
            h = h << 4;
        }
    }

    return h;
}

/* converts a UTF-16 literal to UTF-8
 * A literal can be one or two sequences of the form uXXXX */
static unsigned char utf16_literal_to_utf8(const unsigned char * const input_pointer, const unsigned char * const input_end, unsigned char **output_pointer, const unsigned char **error_pointer)
{
    /* first bytes of UTF8 encoding for a given length in bytes */
    static const unsigned char firstByteMark[5] =
    {
        0x00, /* should never happen */
        0x00, /* 0xxxxxxx */
        0xC0, /* 110xxxxx */
        0xE0, /* 1110xxxx */
        0xF0 /* 11110xxx */
    };

    long unsigned int codepoint = 0;
    unsigned int first_code = 0;
    const unsigned char *first_sequence = input_pointer;
    unsigned char utf8_length = 0;
    unsigned char sequence_length = 0;

    /* get the first utf16 sequence */
    first_code = parse_hex4(first_sequence + 2);
    if ((input_end - first_sequence) < 6)
    {
        /* input ends unexpectedly */
        *error_pointer = first_sequence;
        goto fail;
    }

    /* check that the code is valid */
    if (((first_code >= 0xDC00) && (first_code <= 0xDFFF)) || (first_code == 0))
    {
        *error_pointer = first_sequence;
        goto fail;
    }

    /* UTF16 surrogate pair */
    if ((first_code >= 0xD800) && (first_code <= 0xDBFF))
    {
        const unsigned char *second_sequence = first_sequence + 6;
        unsigned int second_code = 0;
        sequence_length = 12; /* uXXXXuXXXX */

        if ((input_end - second_sequence) < 6)
        {
            /* input ends unexpectedly */
            *error_pointer = first_sequence;
            goto fail;
        }

        if ((second_sequence[0] != '\') || (second_sequence[1] != 'u'))
        {
            /* missing second half of the surrogate pair */
            *error_pointer = first_sequence;
            goto fail;
        }

        /* get the second utf16 sequence */
        second_code = parse_hex4(second_sequence + 2);
        /* check that the code is valid */
        if ((second_code < 0xDC00) || (second_code > 0xDFFF))
        {
            /* invalid second half of the surrogate pair */
            *error_pointer = first_sequence;
            goto fail;
        }


        /* calculate the unicode codepoint from the surrogate pair */
        codepoint = 0x10000 + (((first_code & 0x3FF) << 10) | (second_code & 0x3FF));
    }
    else
    {
        sequence_length = 6; /* uXXXX */
        codepoint = first_code;
    }

    /* encode as UTF-8
     * takes at maximum 4 bytes to encode:
     * 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
    if (codepoint < 0x80)
    {
        /* normal ascii, encoding 0xxxxxxx */
        utf8_length = 1;
    }
    else if (codepoint < 0x800)
    {
        /* two bytes, encoding 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx */
        utf8_length = 2;
    }
    else if (codepoint < 0x10000)
    {
        /* three bytes, encoding 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
        utf8_length = 3;
    }
    else if (codepoint <= 0x10FFFF)
    {
        /* four bytes, encoding 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
        utf8_length = 4;
    }
    else
    {
        /* invalid unicode codepoint */
        *error_pointer = first_sequence;
        goto fail;
    }

    /* encode as utf8 */
    switch (utf8_length)
    {
        case 4:
            /* 10xxxxxx */
            (*output_pointer)[3] = (unsigned char)((codepoint | 0x80) & 0xBF);
            codepoint >>= 6;
        case 3:
            /* 10xxxxxx */
            (*output_pointer)[2] = (unsigned char)((codepoint | 0x80) & 0xBF);
            codepoint >>= 6;
        case 2:
            (*output_pointer)[1] = (unsigned char)((codepoint | 0x80) & 0xBF);
            codepoint >>= 6;
        case 1:
            /* depending on the length in bytes this determines the
               encoding of the first UTF8 byte */
            (*output_pointer)[0] = (unsigned char)((codepoint | firstByteMark[utf8_length]) & 0xFF);
            break;
        default:
            *error_pointer = first_sequence;
            goto fail;
    }
    *output_pointer += utf8_length;

    return sequence_length;

fail:
    return 0;
}

/* Parse the input text into an unescaped cinput, and populate item. */
static const unsigned char *parse_string(cJSON * const item, const unsigned char * const input, const unsigned char ** const error_pointer)
{
    const unsigned char *input_pointer = input + 1;
    const unsigned char *input_end = input + 1;
    unsigned char *output_pointer = NULL;
    unsigned char *output = NULL;

    /* not a string */
    if (*input != '"')
    {
        *error_pointer = input;
        goto fail;
    }

    {
        /* calculate approximate size of the output (overestimate) */
        size_t allocation_length = 0;
        size_t skipped_bytes = 0;
        while ((*input_end != '"') && (*input_end != ''))
        {
            /* is escape sequence */
            if (input_end[0] == '\')
            {
                if (input_end[1] == '')
                {
                    /* prevent buffer overflow when last input character is a backslash */
                    goto fail;
                }
                skipped_bytes++;
                input_end++;
            }
            input_end++;
        }
        if (*input_end == '')
        {
            goto fail; /* string ended unexpectedly */
        }

        /* This is at most how much we need for the output */
        allocation_length = (size_t) (input_end - input) - skipped_bytes;
        output = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(allocation_length + sizeof(''));
        if (output == NULL)
        {
            goto fail; /* allocation failure */
        }
    }

    output_pointer = output;
    /* loop through the string literal */
    while (input_pointer < input_end)
    {
        if (*input_pointer != '\')
        {
            *output_pointer++ = *input_pointer++;
        }
        /* escape sequence */
        else
        {
            unsigned char sequence_length = 2;
            switch (input_pointer[1])
            {
                case 'b':
                    *output_pointer++ = '';
                    break;
                case 'f':
                    *output_pointer++ = 'f';
                    break;
                case 'n':
                    *output_pointer++ = '
';
                    break;
                case 'r':
                    *output_pointer++ = '
';
                    break;
                case 't':
                    *output_pointer++ = '	';
                    break;
                case '"':
                case '\':
                case '/':
                    *output_pointer++ = input_pointer[1];
                    break;

                /* UTF-16 literal */
                case 'u':
                    sequence_length = utf16_literal_to_utf8(input_pointer, input_end, &output_pointer, error_pointer);
                    if (sequence_length == 0)
                    {
                        /* failed to convert UTF16-literal to UTF-8 */
                        goto fail;
                    }
                    break;

                default:
                    *error_pointer = input_pointer;
                    goto fail;
            }
            input_pointer += sequence_length;
        }
    }

    /* zero terminate the output */
    *output_pointer = '';

    item->type = cJSON_String;
    item->valuestring = (char*)output;

    return input_end + 1;

fail:
    if (output != NULL)
    {
        cJSON_free(output);
    }

    return NULL;
}

/* Render the cstring provided to an escaped version that can be printed. */
static unsigned char *print_string_ptr(const unsigned char *str, printbuffer *p)
{
    const unsigned char *ptr = NULL;
    unsigned char *ptr2 = NULL;
    unsigned char *out = NULL;
    size_t len = 0;
    cjbool flag = false;
    unsigned char token = '';

    /* empty string */
    if (!str)
    {
        if (p)
        {
            out = ensure(p, 3);
        }
        else
        {
            out = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(3);
        }
        if (!out)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        strcpy((char*)out, """");

        return out;
    }

    /* set "flag" to 1 if something needs to be escaped */
    for (ptr = str; *ptr; ptr++)
    {
        flag |= (((*ptr > 0) && (*ptr < 32)) /* unprintable characters */
                || (*ptr == '"') /* double quote */
                || (*ptr == '\')) /* backslash */
            ? 1
            : 0;
    }
    /* no characters have to be escaped */
    if (!flag)
    {
        len = (size_t)(ptr - str);
        if (p)
        {
            out = ensure(p, len + 3);
        }
        else
        {
            out = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(len + 3);
        }
        if (!out)
        {
            return NULL;
        }

        ptr2 = out;
        *ptr2++ = '"';
        strcpy((char*)ptr2, (const char*)str);
        ptr2[len] = '"';
        ptr2[len + 1] = '';

        return out;
    }

    ptr = str;
    /* calculate additional space that is needed for escaping */
    while ((token = *ptr))
    {
        ++len;
        if (strchr(""\f

	", token))
        {
            len++; /* +1 for the backslash */
        }
        else if (token < 32)
        {
            len += 5; /* +5 for uXXXX */
        }
        ptr++;
    }

    if (p)
    {
        out = ensure(p, len + 3);
    }
    else
    {
        out = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(len + 3);
    }
    if (!out)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    ptr2 = out;
    ptr = str;
    *ptr2++ = '"';
    /* copy the string */
    while (*ptr)
    {
        if ((*ptr > 31) && (*ptr != '"') && (*ptr != '\'))
        {
            /* normal character, copy */
            *ptr2++ = *ptr++;
        }
        else
        {
            /* character needs to be escaped */
            *ptr2++ = '\';
            switch (token = *ptr++)
            {
                case '\':
                    *ptr2++ = '\';
                    break;
                case '"':
                    *ptr2++ = '"';
                    break;
                case '':
                    *ptr2++ = 'b';
                    break;
                case 'f':
                    *ptr2++ = 'f';
                    break;
                case '
':
                    *ptr2++ = 'n';
                    break;
                case '
':
                    *ptr2++ = 'r';
                    break;
                case '	':
                    *ptr2++ = 't';
                    break;
                default:
                    /* escape and print as unicode codepoint */
                    sprintf((char*)ptr2, "u%04x", token);
                    ptr2 += 5;
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    *ptr2++ = '"';
    *ptr2++ = '';

    return out;
}

/* Invoke print_string_ptr (which is useful) on an item. */
static unsigned char *print_string(const cJSON *item, printbuffer *p)
{
    return print_string_ptr((unsigned char*)item->valuestring, p);
}

/* Predeclare these prototypes. */
static const unsigned char *parse_value(cJSON * const item, const unsigned char * const input, const unsigned char ** const ep);
static unsigned char *print_value(const cJSON *item, size_t depth, cjbool fmt, printbuffer *p);
static const unsigned char *parse_array(cJSON * const item, const unsigned char *input, const unsigned char ** const ep);
static unsigned char *print_array(const cJSON *item, size_t depth, cjbool fmt, printbuffer *p);
static const unsigned char *parse_object(cJSON * const item, const unsigned char *input, const unsigned char ** const ep);
static unsigned char *print_object(const cJSON *item, size_t depth, cjbool fmt, printbuffer *p);

/* Utility to jump whitespace and cr/lf */
static const unsigned char *skip(const unsigned char *in)
{
    while (in && *in && (*in <= 32))
    {
        in++;
    }

    return in;
}

/* Parse an object - create a new root, and populate. */
cJSON *cJSON_ParseWithOpts(const char *value, const char **return_parse_end, cjbool require_null_terminated)
{
    const unsigned char *end = NULL;
    /* use global error pointer if no specific one was given */
    const unsigned char **ep = return_parse_end ? (const unsigned char**)return_parse_end : &global_ep;
    cJSON *c = cJSON_New_Item();
    *ep = NULL;
    if (!c) /* memory fail */
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    end = parse_value(c, skip((const unsigned char*)value), ep);
    if (!end)
    {
        /* parse failure. ep is set. */
        cJSON_Delete(c);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* if we require null-terminated JSON without appended garbage, skip and then check for a null terminator */
    if (require_null_terminated)
    {
        end = skip(end);
        if (*end)
        {
            cJSON_Delete(c);
            *ep = end;
            return NULL;
        }
    }
    if (return_parse_end)
    {
        *return_parse_end = (const char*)end;
    }

    return c;
}

/* Default options for cJSON_Parse */
cJSON *cJSON_Parse(const char *value)
{
    return cJSON_ParseWithOpts(value, 0, 0);
}

/* Render a cJSON item/entity/structure to text. */
char *cJSON_Print(const cJSON *item)
{
    return (char*)print_value(item, 0, 1, 0);
}

char *cJSON_PrintUnformatted(const cJSON *item)
{
    return (char*)print_value(item, 0, 0, 0);
}

char *cJSON_PrintBuffered(const cJSON *item, int prebuffer, cjbool fmt)
{
    printbuffer p;

    if (prebuffer < 0)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    p.buffer = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc((size_t)prebuffer);
    if (!p.buffer)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    p.length = (size_t)prebuffer;
    p.offset = 0;
    p.noalloc = false;

    return (char*)print_value(item, 0, fmt, &p);
}

int cJSON_PrintPreallocated(cJSON *item, char *buf, const int len, const cjbool fmt)
{
    printbuffer p;

    if (len < 0)
    {
        return false;
    }

    p.buffer = (unsigned char*)buf;
    p.length = (size_t)len;
    p.offset = 0;
    p.noalloc = true;
    return print_value(item, 0, fmt, &p) != NULL;
}

/* Parser core - when encountering text, process appropriately. */
static const unsigned  char *parse_value(cJSON * const item, const unsigned char * const input, const unsigned char ** const error_pointer)
{
    if (input == NULL)
    {
        return NULL; /* no input */
    }

    /* parse the different types of values */
    /* null */
    if (!strncmp((const char*)input, "null", 4))
    {
        item->type = cJSON_NULL;
        return input + 4;
    }
    /* false */
    if (!strncmp((const char*)input, "false", 5))
    {
        item->type = cJSON_False;
        return input + 5;
    }
    /* true */
    if (!strncmp((const char*)input, "true", 4))
    {
        item->type = cJSON_True;
        item->valueint = 1;
        return input + 4;
    }
    /* string */
    if (*input == '"')
    {
        return parse_string(item, input, error_pointer);
    }
    /* number */
    if ((*input == '-') || ((*input >= '0') && (*input <= '9')))
    {
        return parse_number(item, input);
    }
    /* array */
    if (*input == '[')
    {
        return parse_array(item, input, error_pointer);
    }
    /* object */
    if (*input == '{')
    {
        return parse_object(item, input, error_pointer);
    }

    /* failure. */
    *error_pointer = input;
    return NULL;
}

/* Render a value to text. */
static unsigned char *print_value(const cJSON *item, size_t depth, cjbool fmt, printbuffer *p)
{
    unsigned char *out = NULL;

    if (!item)
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    if (p)
    {
        switch ((item->type) & 0xFF)
        {
            case cJSON_NULL:
                out = ensure(p, 5);
                if (out)
                {
                    strcpy((char*)out, "null");
                }
                break;
            case cJSON_False:
                out = ensure(p, 6);
                if (out)
                {
                    strcpy((char*)out, "false");
                }
                break;
            case cJSON_True:
                out = ensure(p, 5);
                if (out)
                {
                    strcpy((char*)out, "true");
                }
                break;
            case cJSON_Number:
                out = print_number(item, p);
                break;
            case cJSON_Raw:
            {
                size_t raw_length = 0;
                if (item->valuestring == NULL)
                {
                    if (!p->noalloc)
                    {
                        cJSON_free(p->buffer);
                    }
                    out = NULL;
                    break;
                }

                raw_length = strlen(item->valuestring) + sizeof('');
                out = ensure(p, raw_length);
                if (out)
                {
                    memcpy(out, item->valuestring, raw_length);
                }
                break;
            }
            case cJSON_String:
                out = print_string(item, p);
                break;
            case cJSON_Array:
                out = print_array(item, depth, fmt, p);
                break;
            case cJSON_Object:
                out = print_object(item, depth, fmt, p);
                break;
            default:
                out = NULL;
                break;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        switch ((item->type) & 0xFF)
        {
            case cJSON_NULL:
                out = cJSON_strdup((const unsigned char*)"null");
                break;
            case cJSON_False:
                out = cJSON_strdup((const unsigned char*)"false");
                break;
            case cJSON_True:
                out = cJSON_strdup((const unsigned char*)"true");
                break;
            case cJSON_Number:
                out = print_number(item, 0);
                break;
            case cJSON_Raw:
                out = cJSON_strdup((unsigned char*)item->valuestring);
                break;
            case cJSON_String:
                out = print_string(item, 0);
                break;
            case cJSON_Array:
                out = print_array(item, depth, fmt, 0);
                break;
            case cJSON_Object:
                out = print_object(item, depth, fmt, 0);
                break;
            default:
                out = NULL;
                break;
        }
    }

    return out;
}

/* Build an array from input text. */
static const unsigned char *parse_array(cJSON * const item, const unsigned char *input, const unsigned char ** const error_pointer)
{
    cJSON *head = NULL; /* head of the linked list */
    cJSON *current_item = NULL;

    if (*input != '[')
    {
        /* not an array */
        *error_pointer = input;
        goto fail;
    }

    input = skip(input + 1); /* skip whitespace */
    if (*input == ']')
    {
        /* empty array */
        goto success;
    }

    /* step back to character in front of the first element */
    input--;
    /* loop through the comma separated array elements */
    do
    {
        /* allocate next item */
        cJSON *new_item = cJSON_New_Item();
        if (new_item == NULL)
        {
            goto fail; /* allocation failure */
        }

        /* attach next item to list */
        if (head == NULL)
        {
            /* start the linked list */
            current_item = head = new_item;
        }
        else
        {
            /* add to the end and advance */
            current_item->next = new_item;
            new_item->prev = current_item;
            current_item = new_item;
        }

        /* parse next value */
        input = skip(input + 1); /* skip whitespace before value */
        input = parse_value(current_item, input, error_pointer);
        input = skip(input); /* skip whitespace after value */
        if (input == NULL)
        {
            goto fail; /* failed to parse value */
        }
    }
    while (*input == ',');

    if (*input != ']')
    {
        *error_pointer = input;
        goto fail; /* expected end of array */
    }

success:
    item->type = cJSON_Array;
    item->child = head;

    return input + 1;

fail:
    if (head != NULL)
    {
        cJSON_Delete(head);
    }

    return NULL;
}

/* Render an array to text */
static unsigned char *print_array(const cJSON *item, size_t depth, cjbool fmt, printbuffer *p)
{
    unsigned char **entries;
    unsigned char *out = NULL;
    unsigned char *ptr = NULL;
    unsigned char *ret = NULL;
    size_t len = 5;
    cJSON *child = item->child;
    size_t numentries = 0;
    size_t i = 0;
    cjbool fail = false;
    size_t tmplen = 0;

    /* How many entries in the array? */
    while (child)
    {
        numentries++;
        child = child->next;
    }

    /* Explicitly handle numentries == 0 */
    if (!numentries)
    {
        if (p)
        {
            out = ensure(p, 3);
        }
        else
        {
            out = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(3);
        }
        if (out)
        {
            strcpy((char*)out, "[]");
        }

        return out;
    }

    if (p)
    {
        /* Compose the output array. */
        /* opening square bracket */
        i = p->offset;
        ptr = ensure(p, 1);
        if (!ptr)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        *ptr = '[';
        p->offset++;

        child = item->child;
        while (child && !fail)
        {
            if (!print_value(child, depth + 1, fmt, p))
            {
                return NULL;
            }
            p->offset = update(p);
            if (child->next)
            {
                len = fmt ? 2 : 1;
                ptr = ensure(p, len + 1);
                if (!ptr)
                {
                    return NULL;
                }
                *ptr++ = ',';
                if(fmt)
                {
                    *ptr++ = ' ';
                }
                *ptr = '';
                p->offset += len;
            }
            child = child->next;
        }
        ptr = ensure(p, 2);
        if (!ptr)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        *ptr++ = ']';
        *ptr = '';
        out = (p->buffer) + i;
    }
    else
    {
        /* Allocate an array to hold the pointers to all printed values */
        entries = (unsigned char**)cJSON_malloc(numentries * sizeof(unsigned char*));
        if (!entries)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        memset(entries, '', numentries * sizeof(unsigned char*));

        /* Retrieve all the results: */
        child = item->child;
        while (child && !fail)
        {
            ret = print_value(child, depth + 1, fmt, 0);
            entries[i++] = ret;
            if (ret)
            {
                len += strlen((char*)ret) + 2 + (fmt ? 1 : 0);
            }
            else
            {
                fail = true;
            }
            child = child->next;
        }

        /* If we didn't fail, try to malloc the output string */
        if (!fail)
        {
            out = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(len);
        }
        /* If that fails, we fail. */
        if (!out)
        {
            fail = true;
        }

        /* Handle failure. */
        if (fail)
        {
            /* free all the entries in the array */
            for (i = 0; i < numentries; i++)
            {
                if (entries[i])
                {
                    cJSON_free(entries[i]);
                }
            }
            cJSON_free(entries);
            return NULL;
        }

        /* Compose the output array. */
        *out='[';
        ptr = out + 1;
        *ptr = '';
        for (i = 0; i < numentries; i++)
        {
            tmplen = strlen((char*)entries[i]);
            memcpy(ptr, entries[i], tmplen);
            ptr += tmplen;
            if (i != (numentries - 1))
            {
                *ptr++ = ',';
                if(fmt)
                {
                    *ptr++ = ' ';
                }
                *ptr = '';
            }
            cJSON_free(entries[i]);
        }
        cJSON_free(entries);
        *ptr++ = ']';
        *ptr++ = '';
    }

    return out;
}

/* Build an object from the text. */
static const unsigned char *parse_object(cJSON * const item, const unsigned char *input, const unsigned char ** const error_pointer)
{
    cJSON *head = NULL; /* linked list head */
    cJSON *current_item = NULL;

    if (*input != '{')
    {
        *error_pointer = input;
        goto fail; /* not an object */
    }

    input = skip(input + 1); /* skip whitespace */
    if (*input == '}')
    {
        goto success; /* empty object */
    }

    /* step back to character in front of the first element */
    input--;
    /* loop through the comma separated array elements */
    do
    {
        /* allocate next item */
        cJSON *new_item = cJSON_New_Item();
        if (new_item == NULL)
        {
            goto fail; /* allocation failure */
        }

        /* attach next item to list */
        if (head == NULL)
        {
            /* start the linked list */
            current_item = head = new_item;
        }
        else
        {
            /* add to the end and advance */
            current_item->next = new_item;
            new_item->prev = current_item;
            current_item = new_item;
        }

        /* parse the name of the child */
        input = skip(input + 1); /* skip whitespaces before name */
        input = parse_string(current_item, input, error_pointer);
        input = skip(input); /* skip whitespaces after name */
        if (input == NULL)
        {
            goto fail; /* faile to parse name */
        }

        /* swap valuestring and string, because we parsed the name */
        current_item->string = current_item->valuestring;
        current_item->valuestring = NULL;

        if (*input != ':')
        {
            *error_pointer = input;
            goto fail; /* invalid object */
        }

        /* parse the value */
        input = skip(input + 1); /* skip whitespaces before value */
        input = parse_value(current_item, input, error_pointer);
        input = skip(input); /* skip whitespaces after the value */
        if (input == NULL)
        {
            goto fail; /* failed to parse value */
        }
    }
    while (*input == ',');

    if (*input != '}')
    {
        *error_pointer = input;
        goto fail; /* expected end of object */
    }

success:
    item->type = cJSON_Object;
    item->child = head;

    return input + 1;

fail:
    if (head != NULL)
    {
        cJSON_Delete(head);
    }

    return NULL;
}

/* Render an object to text. */
static unsigned char *print_object(const cJSON *item, size_t depth, cjbool fmt, printbuffer *p)
{
    unsigned char **entries = NULL;
    unsigned char **names = NULL;
    unsigned char *out = NULL;
    unsigned char *ptr = NULL;
    unsigned char *ret = NULL;
    unsigned char *str = NULL;
    size_t len = 7;
    size_t i = 0;
    size_t j = 0;
    cJSON *child = item->child;
    size_t numentries = 0;
    cjbool fail = false;
    size_t tmplen = 0;

    /* Count the number of entries. */
    while (child)
    {
        numentries++;
        child = child->next;
    }

    /* Explicitly handle empty object case */
    if (!numentries)
    {
        if (p)
        {
            out = ensure(p, fmt ? depth + 4 : 3);
        }
        else
        {
            out = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(fmt ? depth + 4 : 3);
        }
        if (!out)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        ptr = out;
        *ptr++ = '{';
        if (fmt) {
            *ptr++ = '
';
            for (i = 0; i < depth; i++)
            {
                *ptr++ = '	';
            }
        }
        *ptr++ = '}';
        *ptr++ = '';

        return out;
    }

    if (p)
    {
        /* Compose the output: */
        i = p->offset;
        len = fmt ? 2 : 1; /* fmt: {
 */
        ptr = ensure(p, len + 1);
        if (!ptr)
        {
            return NULL;
        }

        *ptr++ = '{';
        if (fmt)
        {
            *ptr++ = '
';
        }
        *ptr = '';
        p->offset += len;

        child = item->child;
        depth++;
        while (child)
        {
            if (fmt)
            {
                ptr = ensure(p, depth);
                if (!ptr)
                {
                    return NULL;
                }
                for (j = 0; j < depth; j++)
                {
                    *ptr++ = '	';
                }
                p->offset += depth;
            }

            /* print key */
            if (!print_string_ptr((unsigned char*)child->string, p))
            {
                return NULL;
            }
            p->offset = update(p);

            len = fmt ? 2 : 1;
            ptr = ensure(p, len);
            if (!ptr)
            {
                return NULL;
            }
            *ptr++ = ':';
            if (fmt)
            {
                *ptr++ = '	';
            }
            p->offset+=len;

            /* print value */
            if (!print_value(child, depth, fmt, p))
            {
                return NULL;
            };
            p->offset = update(p);

            /* print comma if not last */
            len = (size_t) (fmt ? 1 : 0) + (child->next ? 1 : 0);
            ptr = ensure(p, len + 1);
            if (!ptr)
            {
                return NULL;
            }
            if (child->next)
            {
                *ptr++ = ',';
            }

            if (fmt)
            {
                *ptr++ = '
';
            }
            *ptr = '';
            p->offset += len;

            child = child->next;
        }

        ptr = ensure(p, fmt ? (depth + 1) : 2);
        if (!ptr)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        if (fmt)
        {
            for (i = 0; i < (depth - 1); i++)
            {
                *ptr++ = '	';
            }
        }
        *ptr++ = '}';
        *ptr = '';
        out = (p->buffer) + i;
    }
    else
    {
        /* Allocate space for the names and the objects */
        entries = (unsigned char**)cJSON_malloc(numentries * sizeof(unsigned char*));
        if (!entries)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        names = (unsigned char**)cJSON_malloc(numentries * sizeof(unsigned char*));
        if (!names)
        {
            cJSON_free(entries);
            return NULL;
        }
        memset(entries, '', sizeof(unsigned char*) * numentries);
        memset(names, '', sizeof(unsigned char*) * numentries);

        /* Collect all the results into our arrays: */
        child = item->child;
        depth++;
        if (fmt)
        {
            len += depth;
        }
        while (child && !fail)
        {
            names[i] = str = print_string_ptr((unsigned char*)child->string, 0); /* print key */
            entries[i++] = ret = print_value(child, depth, fmt, 0);
            if (str && ret)
            {
                len += strlen((char*)ret) + strlen((char*)str) + 2 + (fmt ? 2 + depth : 0);
            }
            else
            {
                fail = true;
            }
            child = child->next;
        }

        /* Try to allocate the output string */
        if (!fail)
        {
            out = (unsigned char*)cJSON_malloc(len);
        }
        if (!out)
        {
            fail = true;
        }

        /* Handle failure */
        if (fail)
        {
            /* free all the printed keys and values */
            for (i = 0; i < numentries; i++)
            {
                if (names[i])
                {
                    cJSON_free(names[i]);
                }
                if (entries[i])
                {
                    cJSON_free(entries[i]);
                }
            }
            cJSON_free(names);
            cJSON_free(entries);
            return NULL;
        }

        /* Compose the output: */
        *out = '{';
        ptr = out + 1;
        if (fmt)
        {
            *ptr++ = '
';
        }
        *ptr = '';
        for (i = 0; i < numentries; i++)
        {
            if (fmt)
            {
                for (j = 0; j < depth; j++)
                {
                    *ptr++='	';
                }
            }
            tmplen = strlen((char*)names[i]);
            memcpy(ptr, names[i], tmplen);
            ptr += tmplen;
            *ptr++ = ':';
            if (fmt)
            {
                *ptr++ = '	';
            }
            strcpy((char*)ptr, (char*)entries[i]);
            ptr += strlen((char*)entries[i]);
            if (i != (numentries - 1))
            {
                *ptr++ = ',';
            }
            if (fmt)
            {
                *ptr++ = '
';
            }
            *ptr = '';
            cJSON_free(names[i]);
            cJSON_free(entries[i]);
        }

        cJSON_free(names);
        cJSON_free(entries);
        if (fmt)
        {
            for (i = 0; i < (depth - 1); i++)
            {
                *ptr++ = '	';
            }
        }
        *ptr++ = '}';
        *ptr++ = '';
    }

    return out;
}

/* Get Array size/item / object item. */
int cJSON_GetArraySize(const cJSON *array)
{
    cJSON *c = array->child;
    size_t i = 0;
    while(c)
    {
        i++;
        c = c->next;
    }

    /* FIXME: Can overflow here. Cannot be fixed without breaking the API */

    return (int)i;
}

cJSON *cJSON_GetArrayItem(const cJSON *array, int item)
{
    cJSON *c = array ? array->child : NULL;
    while (c && item > 0)
    {
        item--;
        c = c->next;
    }

    return c;
}

cJSON *cJSON_GetObjectItem(const cJSON *object, const char *string)
{
    cJSON *c = object ? object->child : NULL;
    while (c && cJSON_strcasecmp((unsigned char*)c->string, (const unsigned char*)string))
    {
        c = c->next;
    }
    return c;
}

cjbool cJSON_HasObjectItem(const cJSON *object, const char *string)
{
    return cJSON_GetObjectItem(object, string) ? 1 : 0;
}

/* Utility for array list handling. */
static void suffix_object(cJSON *prev, cJSON *item)
{
    prev->next = item;
    item->prev = prev;
}

/* Utility for handling references. */
static cJSON *create_reference(const cJSON *item)
{
    cJSON *ref = cJSON_New_Item();
    if (!ref)
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    memcpy(ref, item, sizeof(cJSON));
    ref->string = NULL;
    ref->type |= cJSON_IsReference;
    ref->next = ref->prev = NULL;
    return ref;
}

/* Add item to array/object. */
void cJSON_AddItemToArray(cJSON *array, cJSON *item)
{
    cJSON *child = NULL;

    if ((item == NULL) || (array == NULL))
    {
        return;
    }

    child = array->child;

    if (child == NULL)
    {
        /* list is empty, start new one */
        array->child = item;
    }
    else
    {
        /* append to the end */
        while (child->next)
        {
            child = child->next;
        }
        suffix_object(child, item);
    }
}

void   cJSON_AddItemToObject(cJSON *object, const char *string, cJSON *item)
{
    /* call cJSON_AddItemToObjectCS for code reuse */
    cJSON_AddItemToObjectCS(object, (char*)cJSON_strdup((const unsigned char*)string), item);
    /* remove cJSON_StringIsConst flag */
    item->type &= ~cJSON_StringIsConst;
}

/* Add an item to an object with constant string as key */
void   cJSON_AddItemToObjectCS(cJSON *object, const char *string, cJSON *item)
{
    if (!item)
    {
        return;
    }
    if (!(item->type & cJSON_StringIsConst) && item->string)
    {
        cJSON_free(item->string);
    }
#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wcast-qual"
    item->string = (char*)string;
#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
    item->type |= cJSON_StringIsConst;
    cJSON_AddItemToArray(object, item);
}

void cJSON_AddItemReferenceToArray(cJSON *array, cJSON *item)
{
    cJSON_AddItemToArray(array, create_reference(item));
}

void cJSON_AddItemReferenceToObject(cJSON *object, const char *string, cJSON *item)
{
    cJSON_AddItemToObject(object, string, create_reference(item));
}

static cJSON *DetachItemFromArray(cJSON *array, size_t which)
{
    cJSON *c = array->child;
    while (c && (which > 0))
    {
        c = c->next;
        which--;
    }
    if (!c)
    {
        /* item doesn't exist */
        return NULL;
    }
    if (c->prev)
    {
        /* not the first element */
        c->prev->next = c->next;
    }
    if (c->next)
    {
        c->next->prev = c->prev;
    }
    if (c==array->child)
    {
        array->child = c->next;
    }
    /* make sure the detached item doesn't point anywhere anymore */
    c->prev = c->next = NULL;

    return c;
}
cJSON *cJSON_DetachItemFromArray(cJSON *array, int which)
{
    if (which < 0)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    return DetachItemFromArray(array, (size_t)which);
}

void cJSON_DeleteItemFromArray(cJSON *array, int which)
{
    cJSON_Delete(cJSON_DetachItemFromArray(array, which));
}

cJSON *cJSON_DetachItemFromObject(cJSON *object, const char *string)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    cJSON *c = object->child;
    while (c && cJSON_strcasecmp((unsigned char*)c->string, (const unsigned char*)string))
    {
        i++;
        c = c->next;
    }
    if (c)
    {
        return DetachItemFromArray(object, i);
    }

    return NULL;
}

void cJSON_DeleteItemFromObject(cJSON *object, const char *string)
{
    cJSON_Delete(cJSON_DetachItemFromObject(object, string));
}

/* Replace array/object items with new ones. */
void cJSON_InsertItemInArray(cJSON *array, int which, cJSON *newitem)
{
    cJSON *c = array->child;
    while (c && (which > 0))
    {
        c = c->next;
        which--;
    }
    if (!c)
    {
        cJSON_AddItemToArray(array, newitem);
        return;
    }
    newitem->next = c;
    newitem->prev = c->prev;
    c->prev = newitem;
    if (c == array->child)
    {
        array->child = newitem;
    }
    else
    {
        newitem->prev->next = newitem;
    }
}

static void ReplaceItemInArray(cJSON *array, size_t which, cJSON *newitem)
{
    cJSON *c = array->child;
    while (c && (which > 0))
    {
        c = c->next;
        which--;
    }
    if (!c)
    {
        return;
    }
    newitem->next = c->next;
    newitem->prev = c->prev;
    if (newitem->next)
    {
        newitem->next->prev = newitem;
    }
    if (c == array->child)
    {
        array->child = newitem;
    }
    else
    {
        newitem->prev->next = newitem;
    }
    c->next = c->prev = NULL;
    cJSON_Delete(c);
}
void cJSON_ReplaceItemInArray(cJSON *array, int which, cJSON *newitem)
{
    if (which < 0)
    {
        return;
    }

    ReplaceItemInArray(array, (size_t)which, newitem);
}

void cJSON_ReplaceItemInObject(cJSON *object, const char *string, cJSON *newitem)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    cJSON *c = object->child;
    while(c && cJSON_strcasecmp((unsigned char*)c->string, (const unsigned char*)string))
    {
        i++;
        c = c->next;
    }
    if(c)
    {
        /* free the old string if not const */
        if (!(newitem->type & cJSON_StringIsConst) && newitem->string)
        {
             cJSON_free(newitem->string);
        }

        newitem->string = (char*)cJSON_strdup((const unsigned char*)string);
        ReplaceItemInArray(object, i, newitem);
    }
}

/* Create basic types: */
cJSON *cJSON_CreateNull(void)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if(item)
    {
        item->type = cJSON_NULL;
    }

    return item;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateTrue(void)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if(item)
    {
        item->type = cJSON_True;
    }

    return item;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateFalse(void)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if(item)
    {
        item->type = cJSON_False;
    }

    return item;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateBool(cjbool b)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if(item)
    {
        item->type = b ? cJSON_True : cJSON_False;
    }

    return item;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateNumber(double num)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if(item)
    {
        item->type = cJSON_Number;
        item->valuedouble = num;

        /* use saturation in case of overflow */
        if (num >= INT_MAX)
        {
            item->valueint = INT_MAX;
        }
        else if (num <= INT_MIN)
        {
            item->valueint = INT_MIN;
        }
        else
        {
            item->valueint = (int)num;
        }
    }

    return item;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateString(const char *string)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if(item)
    {
        item->type = cJSON_String;
        item->valuestring = (char*)cJSON_strdup((const unsigned char*)string);
        if(!item->valuestring)
        {
            cJSON_Delete(item);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    return item;
}

extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateRaw(const char *raw)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if(item)
    {
        item->type = cJSON_Raw;
        item->valuestring = (char*)cJSON_strdup((const unsigned char*)raw);
        if(!item->valuestring)
        {
            cJSON_Delete(item);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    return item;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateArray(void)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if(item)
    {
        item->type=cJSON_Array;
    }

    return item;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateObject(void)
{
    cJSON *item = cJSON_New_Item();
    if (item)
    {
        item->type = cJSON_Object;
    }

    return item;
}

/* Create Arrays: */
cJSON *cJSON_CreateIntArray(const int *numbers, int count)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    cJSON *n = NULL;
    cJSON *p = NULL;
    cJSON *a = NULL;

    if (count < 0)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    a = cJSON_CreateArray();
    for(i = 0; a && (i < (size_t)count); i++)
    {
        n = cJSON_CreateNumber(numbers[i]);
        if (!n)
        {
            cJSON_Delete(a);
            return NULL;
        }
        if(!i)
        {
            a->child = n;
        }
        else
        {
            suffix_object(p, n);
        }
        p = n;
    }

    return a;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateFloatArray(const float *numbers, int count)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    cJSON *n = NULL;
    cJSON *p = NULL;
    cJSON *a = NULL;

    if (count < 0)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    a = cJSON_CreateArray();

    for(i = 0; a && (i < (size_t)count); i++)
    {
        n = cJSON_CreateNumber(numbers[i]);
        if(!n)
        {
            cJSON_Delete(a);
            return NULL;
        }
        if(!i)
        {
            a->child = n;
        }
        else
        {
            suffix_object(p, n);
        }
        p = n;
    }

    return a;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateDoubleArray(const double *numbers, int count)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    cJSON *n = NULL;
    cJSON *p = NULL;
    cJSON *a = NULL;

    if (count < 0)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    a = cJSON_CreateArray();

    for(i = 0;a && (i < (size_t)count); i++)
    {
        n = cJSON_CreateNumber(numbers[i]);
        if(!n)
        {
            cJSON_Delete(a);
            return NULL;
        }
        if(!i)
        {
            a->child = n;
        }
        else
        {
            suffix_object(p, n);
        }
        p = n;
    }

    return a;
}

cJSON *cJSON_CreateStringArray(const char **strings, int count)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    cJSON *n = NULL;
    cJSON *p = NULL;
    cJSON *a = NULL;

    if (count < 0)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    a = cJSON_CreateArray();

    for (i = 0; a && (i < (size_t)count); i++)
    {
        n = cJSON_CreateString(strings[i]);
        if(!n)
        {
            cJSON_Delete(a);
            return NULL;
        }
        if(!i)
        {
            a->child = n;
        }
        else
        {
            suffix_object(p,n);
        }
        p = n;
    }

    return a;
}

/* Duplication */
cJSON *cJSON_Duplicate(const cJSON *item, cjbool recurse)
{
    cJSON *newitem = NULL;
    cJSON *child = NULL;
    cJSON *next = NULL;
    cJSON *newchild = NULL;

    /* Bail on bad ptr */
    if (!item)
    {
        goto fail;
    }
    /* Create new item */
    newitem = cJSON_New_Item();
    if (!newitem)
    {
        goto fail;
    }
    /* Copy over all vars */
    newitem->type = item->type & (~cJSON_IsReference);
    newitem->valueint = item->valueint;
    newitem->valuedouble = item->valuedouble;
    if (item->valuestring)
    {
        newitem->valuestring = (char*)cJSON_strdup((unsigned char*)item->valuestring);
        if (!newitem->valuestring)
        {
            goto fail;
        }
    }
    if (item->string)
    {
        newitem->string = (item->type&cJSON_StringIsConst) ? item->string : (char*)cJSON_strdup((unsigned char*)item->string);
        if (!newitem->string)
        {
            goto fail;
        }
    }
    /* If non-recursive, then we're done! */
    if (!recurse)
    {
        return newitem;
    }
    /* Walk the ->next chain for the child. */
    child = item->child;
    while (child != NULL)
    {
        newchild = cJSON_Duplicate(child, true); /* Duplicate (with recurse) each item in the ->next chain */
        if (!newchild)
        {
            goto fail;
        }
        if (next != NULL)
        {
            /* If newitem->child already set, then crosswire ->prev and ->next and move on */
            next->next = newchild;
            newchild->prev = next;
            next = newchild;
        }
        else
        {
            /* Set newitem->child and move to it */
            newitem->child = newchild;
            next = newchild;
        }
        child = child->next;
    }

    return newitem;

fail:
    if (newitem != NULL)
    {
        cJSON_Delete(newitem);
    }

    return NULL;
}

void cJSON_Minify(char *json)
{
    unsigned char *into = (unsigned char*)json;
    while (*json)
    {
        if (*json == ' ')
        {
            json++;
        }
        else if (*json == '	')
        {
            /* Whitespace characters. */
            json++;
        }
        else if (*json == '
')
        {
            json++;
        }
        else if (*json=='
')
        {
            json++;
        }
        else if ((*json == '/') && (json[1] == '/'))
        {
            /* double-slash comments, to end of line. */
            while (*json && (*json != '
'))
            {
                json++;
            }
        }
        else if ((*json == '/') && (json[1] == '*'))
        {
            /* multiline comments. */
            while (*json && !((*json == '*') && (json[1] == '/')))
            {
                json++;
            }
            json += 2;
        }
        else if (*json == '"')
        {
            /* string literals, which are " sensitive. */
            *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
            while (*json && (*json != '"'))
            {
                if (*json == '\')
                {
                    *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
                }
                *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
            }
            *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
        }
        else
        {
            /* All other characters. */
            *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
        }
    }

    /* and null-terminate. */
    *into = '';
}

/*
  Copyright (c) 2009 Dave Gamble

  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  THE SOFTWARE.
*/

#ifndef cJSON__h
#define cJSON__h

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
{
#endif

/* project version */
#define CJSON_VERSION_MAJOR 1
#define CJSON_VERSION_MINOR 3
#define CJSON_VERSION_PATCH 0

/* returns the version of cJSON as a string */
extern const char* cJSON_Version(void);

#include <stddef.h>

/* cJSON Types: */
#define cJSON_Invalid (0)
#define cJSON_False  (1 << 0)
#define cJSON_True   (1 << 1)
#define cJSON_NULL   (1 << 2)
#define cJSON_Number (1 << 3)
#define cJSON_String (1 << 4)
#define cJSON_Array  (1 << 5)
#define cJSON_Object (1 << 6)
#define cJSON_Raw    (1 << 7) /* raw json */

#define cJSON_IsReference 256
#define cJSON_StringIsConst 512

/* The cJSON structure: */
typedef struct cJSON
{
    /* next/prev allow you to walk array/object chains. Alternatively, use GetArraySize/GetArrayItem/GetObjectItem */
    struct cJSON *next;
    struct cJSON *prev;
    /* An array or object item will have a child pointer pointing to a chain of the items in the array/object. */
    struct cJSON *child;

    /* The type of the item, as above. */
    int type;

    /* The item's string, if type==cJSON_String  and type == cJSON_Raw */
    char *valuestring;
    /* The item's number, if type==cJSON_Number */
    int valueint;
    /* The item's number, if type==cJSON_Number */
    double valuedouble;

    /* The item's name string, if this item is the child of, or is in the list of subitems of an object. */
    char *string;
} cJSON;

typedef struct cJSON_Hooks
{
      void *(*malloc_fn)(size_t sz);
      void (*free_fn)(void *ptr);
} cJSON_Hooks;

/* Supply malloc, realloc and free functions to cJSON */
extern void cJSON_InitHooks(cJSON_Hooks* hooks);


/* Supply a block of JSON, and this returns a cJSON object you can interrogate. Call cJSON_Delete when finished. */
extern cJSON *cJSON_Parse(const char *value);
/* Render a cJSON entity to text for transfer/storage. Free the char* when finished. */
extern char  *cJSON_Print(const cJSON *item);
/* Render a cJSON entity to text for transfer/storage without any formatting. Free the char* when finished. */
extern char  *cJSON_PrintUnformatted(const cJSON *item);
/* Render a cJSON entity to text using a buffered strategy. prebuffer is a guess at the final size. guessing well reduces reallocation. fmt=0 gives unformatted, =1 gives formatted */
extern char *cJSON_PrintBuffered(const cJSON *item, int prebuffer, int fmt);
/* Render a cJSON entity to text using a buffer already allocated in memory with length buf_len. Returns 1 on success and 0 on failure. */
extern int cJSON_PrintPreallocated(cJSON *item, char *buf, const int len, const int fmt);
/* Delete a cJSON entity and all subentities. */
extern void   cJSON_Delete(cJSON *c);

/* Returns the number of items in an array (or object). */
extern int      cJSON_GetArraySize(const cJSON *array);
/* Retrieve item number "item" from array "array". Returns NULL if unsuccessful. */
extern cJSON *cJSON_GetArrayItem(const cJSON *array, int item);
/* Get item "string" from object. Case insensitive. */
extern cJSON *cJSON_GetObjectItem(const cJSON *object, const char *string);
extern int cJSON_HasObjectItem(const cJSON *object, const char *string);
/* For analysing failed parses. This returns a pointer to the parse error. You'll probably need to look a few chars back to make sense of it. Defined when cJSON_Parse() returns 0. 0 when cJSON_Parse() succeeds. */
extern const char *cJSON_GetErrorPtr(void);

/* These calls create a cJSON item of the appropriate type. */
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateNull(void);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateTrue(void);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateFalse(void);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateBool(int b);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateNumber(double num);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateString(const char *string);
/* raw json */
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateRaw(const char *raw);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateArray(void);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateObject(void);

/* These utilities create an Array of count items. */
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateIntArray(const int *numbers, int count);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateFloatArray(const float *numbers, int count);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateDoubleArray(const double *numbers, int count);
extern cJSON *cJSON_CreateStringArray(const char **strings, int count);

/* Append item to the specified array/object. */
extern void cJSON_AddItemToArray(cJSON *array, cJSON *item);
extern void    cJSON_AddItemToObject(cJSON *object, const char *string, cJSON *item);
/* Use this when string is definitely const (i.e. a literal, or as good as), and will definitely survive the cJSON object.
 * WARNING: When this function was used, make sure to always check that (item->type & cJSON_StringIsConst) is zero before
 * writing to `item->string` */
extern void    cJSON_AddItemToObjectCS(cJSON *object, const char *string, cJSON *item);
/* Append reference to item to the specified array/object. Use this when you want to add an existing cJSON to a new cJSON, but don't want to corrupt your existing cJSON. */
extern void cJSON_AddItemReferenceToArray(cJSON *array, cJSON *item);
extern void    cJSON_AddItemReferenceToObject(cJSON *object, const char *string, cJSON *item);

/* Remove/Detatch items from Arrays/Objects. */
extern cJSON *cJSON_DetachItemFromArray(cJSON *array, int which);
extern void   cJSON_DeleteItemFromArray(cJSON *array, int which);
extern cJSON *cJSON_DetachItemFromObject(cJSON *object, const char *string);
extern void   cJSON_DeleteItemFromObject(cJSON *object, const char *string);

/* Update array items. */
extern void cJSON_InsertItemInArray(cJSON *array, int which, cJSON *newitem); /* Shifts pre-existing items to the right. */
extern void cJSON_ReplaceItemInArray(cJSON *array, int which, cJSON *newitem);
extern void cJSON_ReplaceItemInObject(cJSON *object,const char *string,cJSON *newitem);

/* Duplicate a cJSON item */
extern cJSON *cJSON_Duplicate(const cJSON *item, int recurse);
/* Duplicate will create a new, identical cJSON item to the one you pass, in new memory that will
need to be released. With recurse!=0, it will duplicate any children connected to the item.
The item->next and ->prev pointers are always zero on return from Duplicate. */

/* ParseWithOpts allows you to require (and check) that the JSON is null terminated, and to retrieve the pointer to the final byte parsed. */
/* If you supply a ptr in return_parse_end and parsing fails, then return_parse_end will contain a pointer to the error. If not, then cJSON_GetErrorPtr() does the job. */
extern cJSON *cJSON_ParseWithOpts(const char *value, const char **return_parse_end, int require_null_terminated);

extern void cJSON_Minify(char *json);

/* Macros for creating things quickly. */
#define cJSON_AddNullToObject(object,name) cJSON_AddItemToObject(object, name, cJSON_CreateNull())
#define cJSON_AddTrueToObject(object,name) cJSON_AddItemToObject(object, name, cJSON_CreateTrue())
#define cJSON_AddFalseToObject(object,name) cJSON_AddItemToObject(object, name, cJSON_CreateFalse())
#define cJSON_AddBoolToObject(object,name,b) cJSON_AddItemToObject(object, name, cJSON_CreateBool(b))
#define cJSON_AddNumberToObject(object,name,n) cJSON_AddItemToObject(object, name, cJSON_CreateNumber(n))
#define cJSON_AddStringToObject(object,name,s) cJSON_AddItemToObject(object, name, cJSON_CreateString(s))
#define cJSON_AddRawToObject(object,name,s) cJSON_AddItemToObject(object, name, cJSON_CreateRaw(s))

/* When assigning an integer value, it needs to be propagated to valuedouble too. */
#define cJSON_SetIntValue(object, number) ((object) ? (object)->valueint = (object)->valuedouble = (number) : (number))
/* helper for the cJSON_SetNumberValue macro */
extern double cJSON_SetNumberHelper(cJSON *object, double number);
#define cJSON_SetNumberValue(object, number) ((object) ? cJSON_SetNumberHelper(object, (double)number) : (number))

/* Macro for iterating over an array */
#define cJSON_ArrayForEach(pos, head) for(pos = (head)->child; pos != NULL; pos = pos->next)

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "cJSON.h"

int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
    if(argc < 2)
    {
        printf("./a.out jsonfile
");
        return 0;
    }

    // 加载json文件 
    FILE* fp = fopen(argv[1], "r");
    char buf[1024] = {0};
    fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf), fp);
    cJSON* root = cJSON_Parse(buf);

    cJSON* subobj = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, "奔驰");
    // 判断对象是否存在
    if( subobj )
    {
        // 获取子对象
        cJSON* factory = cJSON_GetObjectItem(subobj, "factory");
        cJSON* last = cJSON_GetObjectItem(subobj, "last");
        cJSON* price = cJSON_GetObjectItem(subobj, "price");
        cJSON* sell = cJSON_GetObjectItem(subobj, "sell");
        cJSON* sum = cJSON_GetObjectItem(subobj, "sum");
        cJSON* other = cJSON_GetObjectItem(subobj, "other");

        // 打印value值
        printf("奔驰：
");
        printf("    factory: %s
", cJSON_Print(factory));
        printf("    last: %s
", cJSON_Print(last));
        printf("    price: %s
", cJSON_Print(price));
        printf("    sell: %s
", cJSON_Print(sell));
        printf("    sum: %s
", cJSON_Print(sum));

        // 打印数组内容
        printf("    other:
");
        if(other->type == cJSON_Array)
        {
            for(int i=0; i<cJSON_GetArraySize(other); ++i)
            {
                cJSON* node = cJSON_GetArrayItem(other, i);
                // 判断数据类型
                if(node->type == cJSON_String)
                {
                    printf("        %s  
", node->valuestring);
                }
                if(node->type == cJSON_Number)
                {
                    printf("        %d
", node->valueint);
                }
                if(node->type == cJSON_True)
                {
                    printf("        %d
", node->valueint);
                }
                if(node->type == cJSON_False)
                {
                    printf("        %d
", node->valueint);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    cJSON_Delete(root);
    fclose(fp);


    return 0;
}

注意：上面的cJSON.c和cJSON.h是 cJSON-master.zip包里面的。

cJSON结构体：

#define cJSON_Invalid              (0)
#define cJSON_False                  (1 << 0)
#define cJSON_True                  (1 << 1)
#define cJSON_NULL                (1 << 2)
#define cJSON_Number           (1 << 3)
#define cJSON_String                (1 << 4)
#define cJSON_Array                (1 << 5)
#define cJSON_Object              (1 << 6)
#define cJSON_Raw                  (1 << 7) 

/* The cJSON structure: */
typedef struct cJSON
{
    struct cJSON *next;
    struct cJSON *prev;
    struct cJSON *child;

    int type;
    char *valuestring;
    int valueint;                                                                                                                         
    double valuedouble;

    char *string;
} cJSON;