转 http://www.cnblogs.com/yangliheng/p/6094151.html
演示一下在MySQL下搭建多主一从的过程。
实验环境：
192.168.24.129:3306
192.168.24.129:3307
192.168.24.129:3308
主库操作
导出数据
分别在3306和3307上导出需要的数据库。
3306：
登录数据库：
[root@localhost 3306]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
锁表：
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
状态点：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File| Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000006 | 154 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
另开窗口开始导数据：
[root@localhost tmp]# mysqldump -uroot -poldboy123 -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock -F -R -x --master-data=2 -A --events|gzip >/tmp/dockerwy.sql.gz
在此查看状态点两个要保持一致，否则表没有锁住
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File| Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000007 | 154 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
解锁表：
mysql> unlock tables;
3307：
登录3307数据库：
[root@localhost 3307]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
锁表：
mysql>flush tables with read lock;
查看状态点：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File| Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000007 | 154 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
另开窗口导数据：
[root@localhost 3307]# mysqldump -uroot -poldboy123 -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock -F -R -x --master-data=2 -A --events|gzip >/tmp/dockerwy_2.sql.gz
从新查看状态点：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File| Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000008 | 154 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
解锁表：
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
建立授权账号
分别在3306和3307上面建立授权账号
3306：
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'backup'@'192.168.24.129' identified by 'backup';
3307：
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'backup'@'192.168.24.129' identified by 'backup';
从库操作
修改从库存储方式
修改3308的master-info和relay-info方式，从文件存储改为表存储。
编辑配置文件
[root@localhost 3308]# vim my.cnf
在[mysqld]模块下添加如下两行
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
重启3308数据库：
[root@localhost 3308]# /data/3308/mysqld restart
重启之后我们可以登录数据库查看；
[root@localhost 3308]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show variables like 'relay_log_info_repository';
+---------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------+-------+
| relay_log_info_repository | TABLE |
+---------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'master_info_repository';
+------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-------+
| master_info_repository | TABLE |
+------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
导入数据
导入3306的数据：
[root@localhost 3308]# gzip -d /tmp/dockerwy.sql.gz
[root@localhost 3308]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock < /tmp/dockerwy.sql.
导入3307的数据：
[root@localhost 3308]# gzip -d /tmp/dockerwy_2.sql.gz
[root@localhost 3308]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock < /tmp/dockerwy_2.sql
执行change master to
登录slave进行同步操作，分别change master两台服务器，后面以for channel ‘channel_name’区分
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.24.129',master_user='backup',master_port=3306,master_password='backup',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',master_log_pos=154 for channel 'master_1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.07 sec)
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.24.129',master_user='backup',master_port=3307,master_password='backup',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=154 for channel 'master_2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
启动slave操作
可以通过start slave的方式去启动所有的复制，也可以通过单个复制源的方式，下面介绍单个复制的的启动演示
mysql> start slave for channel 'master_1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave for channel 'master_2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
查看同步状态
正常启动后，可以查看同步的状态，执行show slave status for channel ‘channel_nameG’查看复制源master_1的同步状态；
mysql> show slave status for channel 'master_1'G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.24.129
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin-master_1.000006
Relay_Log_Pos: 367
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 634
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 129
Master_UUID: df233252-afd5-11e6-8070-000c2962d708
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name: master_1
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看master_2的同步状态
mysql> mysql> show slave status for channel 'master_2'G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.24.129
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin-master_2.000004
Relay_Log_Pos: 367
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 634
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 130
Master_UUID: 49bf20e1-afe2-11e6-aef5-000c2962d708
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name: master_2
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)