转自：http://ruiming.i.sohu.com/blog/view/238600241.htm
linux下设置ls命令显示文件、文件夹颜色：
1. LS_COLORS
用 dircolors -p 可以 看到缺省的颜色设置，包括各种颜色和“粗体”，下划线，闪烁等定义。
discolors -p
1 $ dircolors -p 2 # Configuration file for dircolors, a utility to help you set the 3 # LS_COLORS environment variable used by GNU ls with the --color option. 4 # The keywords COLOR, OPTIONS, and EIGHTBIT (honored by the 5 # slackware version of dircolors) are recognized but ignored. 6 # Below, there should be one TERM entry for each termtype that is colorizable 7 TERM linux 8 TERM linux-c 9 TERM mach-color 10 TERM console 11 TERM con132x25 12 TERM con132x30 13 TERM con132x43 14 TERM con132x60 15 TERM con80x25 16 TERM con80x28 17 TERM con80x30 18 TERM con80x43 19 TERM con80x50 20 TERM con80x60 21 TERM cygwin 22 TERM dtterm 23 TERM putty 24 TERM xterm 25 TERM xterm-color 26 TERM xterm-debian 27 TERM rxvt 28 TERM screen 29 TERM screen-bce 30 TERM screen-w 31 TERM vt100 32 TERM Eterm 33 # Below are the color init strings for the basic file types. A color init 34 # string consists of one or more of the following numeric codes: 35 # Attribute codes: 36 # 00=none 01=bold 04=underscore 05=blink 07=reverse 08=concealed 37 # Text color codes: 38 # 30=black 31=red 32=green 33=yellow 34=blue 35=magenta 36=cyan 37=white 39 # Background color codes: 40 # 40=black 41=red 42=green 43=yellow 44=blue 45=magenta 46=cyan 47=white 41 NORMAL 00 # global default, although everything should be something. 42 FILE 00 # normal file 43 DIR 01;34 # directory 44 LINK 01;36 # symbolic link. (If you set this to 'target' instead of a 45 # numerical value, the color is as for the file pointed to.) 46 FIFO 40;33 # pipe 47 SOCK 01;35 # socket 48 DOOR 01;35 # door 49 BLK 40;33;01 # block device driver 50 CHR 40;33;01 # character device driver 51 ORPHAN 40;31;01 # symlink to nonexistent file 52 SETUID 37;41 # file that is setuid (u+s) 53 SETGID 30;43 # file that is setgid (g+s) 54 STICKY_OTHER_WRITABLE 30;42 # dir that is sticky and other-writable (+t,o+w) 55 OTHER_WRITABLE 34;42 # dir that is other-writable (o+w) and not sticky 56 STICKY 37;44 # dir with the sticky bit set (+t) and not other-writable 57 # This is for files with execute permission: 58 EXEC 01;32 59 # List any file extensions like '.gz' or '.tar' that you would like ls 60 # to colorize below. Put the extension, a space, and the color init string. 61 # (and any comments you want to add after a '#') 62 # If you use DOS-style suffixes, you may want to uncomment the following: 63 #.cmd 01;32 # executables (bright green) 64 #.exe 01;32 65 #.com 01;32 66 #.btm 01;32 67 #.bat 01;32 68 .tar 01;31 # archives or compressed (bright red) 69 .tgz 01;31 70 .arj 01;31 71 .taz 01;31 72 .lzh 01;31 73 .zip 01;31 74 .z 01;31 75 .Z 01;31 76 .gz 01;31 77 .bz2 01;31 78 .deb 01;31 79 .rpm 01;31 80 .jar 01;31 81 # image formats 82 .jpg 01;35 83 .jpeg 01;35 84 .gif 01;35 85 .bmp 01;35 86 .pbm 01;35 87 .pgm 01;35 88 .ppm 01;35 89 .tga 01;35 90 .xbm 01;35 91 .xpm 01;35 92 .tif 01;35 93 .tiff 01;35 94 .png 01;35 95 .mov 01;35 96 .mpg 01;35 97 .mpeg 01;35 98 .avi 01;35 99 .fli 01;35 100 .gl 01;35 101 .dl 01;35 102 .xcf 01;35 103 .xwd 01;35 104 # audio formats 105 .flac 01;35 106 .mp3 01;35 107 .mpc 01;35 108 .ogg 01;35 109 .wav 01;35
环境变量LS_COLORS时用来设置GNU ls的--color选项中的颜色的。
# Below are the color init strings for the basic file types. A color init
# string consists of one or more of the following numeric codes:
# Attribute codes:
# 00=none 01=bold 04=underscore 05=blink 07=reverse 08=concealed
# Text color codes:
# 30=black 31=red 32=green 33=yellow 34=blue 35=magenta 36=cyan 37=white
# Background color codes:
# 40=black 41=red 42=green 43=yellow 44=blue 45=magenta 46=cyan 47=white
NORMAL 00 # global default, although everything should be something.
FILE 00 # normal file
DIR 01;34 # directory
故，要设置ls的颜色，则在SHELL的配置文件（以下是tcsh的配置文件：.tcshrc，对于bash略有不同）中添加下面一行：
setenv LS_COLORS 'no=00:fi=00:di=01;33:ln=01;36:pi=40;33:so=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=01;05;37;41:mi=01;05;37;41:ex=01;35:*.cmd=01;35:*.exe=01;35:*.com=01;35:*.btm=01;35:*.bat=01;35:*.sh=01;35:*.csh=01;35:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.tif=01;35:'
即可，可以参照上面的英文自行配置。
另：/etc/DIR_COLORS 文件为系统默认颜色参数配置文件
如果想修改定义自己的颜色参数配置文件，请执行如下操作：
1) cp /etc/DIR_COLORS $HOME/.dir_colors
2) 修改中的颜色定义 $HOME/.dir_colors
2. CLICOLOR
# CLICOLOR是用来设置是否进行颜色的显示。CLI是Command Line Interface的缩写。 setenv CLICOLOR 1 # LSCOLORS是用来设置当CLICOLOR被启用后，各种文件类型的颜色 setenv LSCOLORS gxfxaxdxcxegedabagacad
LSCOLORS的值中每两个字母为一组，分别设置某个文件类型的文字颜色和背景颜色。LSCOLORS中一共11组颜色设置，按照先后顺序，分别对以下的文件类型进行设置：
- directory
- symbolic link
- socket
- pipe
- executable
- block special
- character special
- executable with setuid bit set
- executable with setgid bit set
- directory writable to others, with sticky bit
- directory writable to others, without sticky bit
LSCOLORS中，字母代表的颜色如下：
- a 黑色
- b 红色
- c 绿色
- d 棕色
- e 蓝色
- f 洋红色
- g 青色
- h 浅灰色
- A 黑色粗体
- B 红色粗体
- C 绿色粗体
- D 棕色粗体
- E 蓝色粗体
- F 洋红色粗体
- G 青色粗体
- H 浅灰色粗体
- x 系统默认颜色
所以，如果我们想把目录显示成红色，就可以把LSCOLORS设置为bxfxaxdxcxegedabagacad就可以了
////////////////////////////////////////////
LSCOLORS 的含义：
LSCOLORS The value of this variable describes what color to use
for which attribute when colors are enabled with
CLICOLOR. This string is a concatenation of pairs of the
format fb, where f is the foreground color and b is the
background color.
The color designators are as follows:
a black
b red
c green
d brown
e blue
f magenta
g cyan
h light grey
A bold black, usually shows up as dark grey
B bold red
C bold green
D bold brown, usually shows up as yellow
E bold blue
F bold magenta
G bold cyan
H bold light grey; looks like bright white
x default foreground or background
Note that the above are standard ANSI colors. The actual
display may differ depending on the color capabilities of
the terminal in use.
The order of the attributes are as follows:
1. directory
2. symbolic link
3. socket
4. pipe
5. executable
6. block special
7. character special
8. executable with setuid bit set
9. executable with setgid bit set
10. directory writable to others, with sticky bit
11. directory writable to others, without sticky
bit
The default is “exfxcxdxbxegedabagacad”, i.e. blue fore-
ground and default background for regular directories,
black foreground and red background for setuid executa-
bles, etc.