• drf搜索过滤组件、排序过滤组件、基础分页组件


    群查接口各种筛选组件数据准备

    models.py

    class Car(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=16, unique=True, verbose_name='车名')
        price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='价格')
        brand = models.CharField(max_length=16, verbose_name='品牌')
    
        class Meta:
            db_table = 'api_car'
            verbose_name = '汽车表'
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
    
        def __str__(self):
            return self.name

    admin.py

    admin.site.register(models.Car)

    serializers.py

    class CarModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = models.Car
            fields = ['name', 'price', 'brand']

    views.py

    # Car的群查接口
    from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
    
    class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView):
        queryset = models.Car.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer

    urls.py

    url(r'^cars/$', views.CarListAPIView.as_view()),

    drf搜索过滤组件

    views.py

    from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
    
    # 第一步:drf的SearchFilter - 搜索过滤
    from rest_framework.filters import SearchFilter
    
    class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView):
        queryset = models.Car.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer
    
        # 第二步:局部配置 过滤类 们(全局配置用DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS)
        filter_backends = [SearchFilter]
    
        # 第三步:SearchFilter过滤类依赖的过滤条件 => 接口:/cars/?search=...
        search_fields = ['name', 'price']
        # eg:/cars/?search=1,name和price中包含1的数据都会被查询出

    drf排序过滤组件

    views.py

    from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
    
    # 第一步:drf的OrderingFilter - 排序过滤
    from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter
    
    class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView):
        queryset = models.Car.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer
    
        # 第二步:局部配置 过滤类 们(全局配置用DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS)
        filter_backends = [OrderingFilter]
    
        # 第三步:OrderingFilter过滤类依赖的过滤条件 => 接口:/cars/?ordering=...
        ordering_fields = ['pk', 'price']
        # eg:/cars/?ordering=-price,pk,先按price降序,如果出现price相同,再按pk升序

    drf基础分页组件

    pahenations.py

    from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination
    
    class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination):
        # ?page=页码
        page_query_param = 'page'
        # ?page=页面 下默认一页显示的条数
        page_size = 3
        # ?page=页面&page_size=条数 用户自定义一页显示的条数
        page_size_query_param = 'page_size'
        # 用户自定义一页显示的条数最大限制:数值超过5也只显示5条
        max_page_size = 5

    views.py

    from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
    
    class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView):
        # 如果queryset没有过滤条件,就必须 .all(),不然分页会出问题
        queryset = models.Car.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer
        
        # 分页组件 - 给视图类配置分页类即可 - 分页类需要自定义,继承drf提供的分页类即可
        pagination_class = pagenations.MyPageNumberPagination

    drf偏移分页组件

    pahenations.py

    from rest_framework.pagination import LimitOffsetPagination
    class MyLimitOffsetPagination(LimitOffsetPagination):
        # ?offset=从头偏移的条数&limit=要显示的条数
        limit_query_param = 'limit'
        offset_query_param = 'offset'
        # ?不传offset和limit默认显示前3条,只设置offset就是从偏移位往后再显示3条
        default_limit = 3
        # ?limit可以自定义一页显示的最大条数
        max_limit = 5
    
        # 只使用limit结合ordering可以实现排行前几或后几
        # ?ordering=-price&limit=2  => 价格前2

    views.py

    from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
    
    class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView):
        # 如果queryset没有过滤条件,就必须 .all(),不然分页会出问题
        queryset = models.Car.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer
        
        # 分页组件 - 给视图类配置分页类即可 - 分页类需要自定义,继承drf提供的分页类即可
        pagination_class = pagenations.MyLimitOffsetPagination

    drf游标分页组件(了解)

    pahenations.py

    # 注:必须基于排序规则下进行分页
    # 1)如果接口配置了OrderingFilter过滤器,那么url中必须传ordering
    # 1)如果接口没有配置OrderingFilter过滤器,一定要在分页类中声明ordering按某个字段进行默认排序
    from rest_framework.pagination import CursorPagination
    class MyCursorPagination(CursorPagination):
        cursor_query_param = 'cursor'
        page_size = 3
        page_size_query_param = 'page_size'
        max_page_size = 5
        ordering = '-pk'

    views.py

    from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
    
    class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView):
        # 如果queryset没有过滤条件,就必须 .all(),不然分页会出问题
        queryset = models.Car.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer
        
        # 分页组件 - 给视图类配置分页类即可 - 分页类需要自定义,继承drf提供的分页类即可
        pagination_class = pagenations.MyCursorPagination

    自定义过滤器

    filters.py

    # 自定义过滤器,接口:?limit=显示的条数
    class LimitFilter:
        def filter_queryset(self, request, queryset, view):
            # 前台固定用 ?limit=... 传递过滤参数
            limit = request.query_params.get('limit')
            if limit:
                limit = int(limit)
                return queryset[:limit]
            return queryset

    views.py

    from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
    
    class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView):
        # 如果queryset没有过滤条件,就必须 .all(),不然分页会出问题
        queryset = models.Car.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer
        
        # 局部配置 过滤类 们(全局配置用DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS)
        filter_backends = [LimitFilter]

    过滤器插件:django-filter

    安装

    >: pip3 install django-filter

    过滤条件层:自定义api/filters.py

    # django-filter插件过滤器类
    from django_filters.rest_framework.filterset import FilterSet
    from . import models
    
    # 自定义过滤字段
    from django_filters import filters
    class CarFilterSet(FilterSet):
        min_price = filters.NumberFilter(field_name='price', lookup_expr='gte')
        max_price = filters.NumberFilter(field_name='price', lookup_expr='lte')
        class Meta:
            model = models.Car
            fields = ['brand', 'min_price', 'max_price']
            # brand是model中存在的字段,一般都是可以用于分组的字段
            # min_price、max_price是自定义字段,需要自己自定义过滤条件

    视图层:views.py

    # django-filter插件过滤器
    from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend
    from .filters import CarFilterSet
    
    class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView):
        queryset = models.Car.objects.all()
        serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer
        
        # 局部配置 过滤类 们(全局配置用DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS)
        filter_backends = [DjangoFilterBackend]
        
        # django-filter过滤器插件使用
        filter_class = CarFilterSet
        # 接口:?brand=...&min_price=...&max_price=...
        # eg:?brand=宝马&min_price=5&max_price=10 => 5~10间的宝马牌汽车
        
        
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiongying4/p/11732402.html
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