• pandas进阶


      pandas是基于numpy构建的库,在数据处理方面可以把它理解为numpy的加强版,由于numpy主要用于科学计算,特长不在于数据处理,我们平常处理的数据一般带有列标签和index索引,这时pandas作为数据分析包而被开发出来。

    pandas数据结构(Series/DataFrame)

    一、Series

    1、Series创建

      Series类似一维数组的数据结构,由一组数据(各种numpy数据类型)和与之关联的数据标签(索引)组成,结构相当于定长有序的字典,index和value之间相互独立.

    In [2]:
    import pandas as pd
    import numpy as np
    
    In [3]:
    # 创建Series
    a1 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3])  # 数组生成Series
    a1
    
    Out[3]:
    0    1
    1    2
    2    3
    dtype: int64
    In [4]:
    a2 = pd.Series(np.array([1, 2, 3]))  # numpy数组生成Series
    a2
    
    Out[4]:
    0    1
    1    2
    2    3
    dtype: int32
    In [5]:
    a3 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["index1", "index2", "index3"])  # 指定标签index生成
    a3
    
    Out[5]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    index3    3
    dtype: int64
    In [6]:
    a4 = pd.Series({"index1": 1, "index2": 2, "index3": 3})  # 字典生成Series
    a4
    
    Out[6]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    index3    3
    dtype: int64
    In [8]:
    a5 = pd.Series({"index": 1, "index2": 2, "index3": 3},
                   index=["index1", "index2", "index3"])  # 字典生成Series,指定index,不匹配部分为NaN
    a5
    
    Out[8]:
    index1    NaN
    index2    2.0
    index3    3.0
    dtype: float64
    In [9]:
    a6 = pd.Series(10, index=["index1", "index2", "index3"])
    a6
    
    Out[9]:
    index1    10
    index2    10
    index3    10
    dtype: int64
     

    2、Series属性

      可以把Series看成一个定长的有序字典

      可以通过shape(维度),size(长度),index(键),values(值)等得到series的属性

    In [10]:
    a1 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3])
    a1.index  # Series索引
    
    Out[10]:
    RangeIndex(start=0, stop=3, step=1)
    In [12]:
    a1.values  # Series数值
    
    Out[12]:
    array([1, 2, 3], dtype=int64)
    In [13]:
    a1.name = "population"  # 指定Series名字
    a1.index.name = "state"  # 指定Series索引名字
    a1
    
    Out[13]:
    state
    0    1
    1    2
    2    3
    Name: population, dtype: int64
    In [14]:
    a1.shape
    
    Out[14]:
    (3,)
    In [15]:
    a1.size
    
    Out[15]:
    3
     

    3、Series查找元素

    loc为显示切片(通过键),iloc为隐式切片(通过索引)

    访问单个元素

    s[indexname]
    s.loc[indexname] 推荐
    s[loc]
    s.iloc[loc] 推荐<

    访问多个元素

    s[[indexname1,indexname2]]
    s.loc[[indexname1,indexname2]] 推荐
    s[[loc1,loc2]]
    s.iloc[[loc1,loc2]] 推荐

    In [17]:
    a3 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["index1", "index2", "index3"])
    a3
    
    Out[17]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    index3    3
    dtype: int64
    In [18]:
    a3["index1"]
    
    Out[18]:
    1
    In [19]:
    a3.loc['index1']
    
    Out[19]:
    1
    In [20]:
    a3[1]
    
    Out[20]:
    2
    In [22]:
    a3.iloc[1]
    
    Out[22]:
    2
    In [23]:
    a3[['index1','index2']]
    
    Out[23]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    dtype: int64
    In [24]:
    a3.loc[['index1','index2']]
    
    Out[24]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    dtype: int64
    In [25]:
    a3[[1,2]]
    
    Out[25]:
    index2    2
    index3    3
    dtype: int64
    In [26]:
    a3.iloc[[1,2]]
    
    Out[26]:
    index2    2
    index3    3
    dtype: int64
    In [27]:
    a3[a3 > np.mean(a3)]  # 布尔值查找元素
    
    Out[27]:
    index3    3
    dtype: int64
    In [28]:
    a3[0:2]  # 绝对位置切片
    
    Out[28]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    dtype: int64
    In [30]:
    a3["index1":"index2"]  # 索引切片
    
    Out[30]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    dtype: int64
     

    4、Series修改元素

    In [32]:
    # 修改元素
    a3["index3"] = 100  # 按照索引修改元素
    a3
    
    Out[32]:
    index1      1
    index2      2
    index3    100
    dtype: int64
    In [33]:
    a3[2] = 1000  # 按照绝对位置修改元素
    a3
    
    Out[33]:
    index1       1
    index2       2
    index3    1000
    dtype: int64
     

    5、Series添加元素

    In [34]:
    # 添加元素
    a3["index4"] = 10  # 按照索引添加元素
    a3
    
    Out[34]:
    index1       1
    index2       2
    index3    1000
    index4      10
    dtype: int64
     

    6、Series删除元素

    In [35]:
    a3.drop(["index4", "index3"], inplace=True)  # inplace=True表示作用在当前Series
    a3
    
    Out[35]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    dtype: int64
     

    7、Series方法

    In [36]:
    a3 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["index1", "index2", "index3"])
    a3["index3"] = np.NaN  # 添加元素
    a3
    
    Out[36]:
    index1    1.0
    index2    2.0
    index3    NaN
    dtype: float64
    In [37]:
    a3.isnull()  # 判断Series是否有缺失值
    
    Out[37]:
    index1    False
    index2    False
    index3     True
    dtype: bool
    In [38]:
    a3.notnull()  # 判断Series是否没有缺失值
    
    Out[38]:
    index1     True
    index2     True
    index3    False
    dtype: bool
    In [39]:
    "index1" in a3  # 判断Series中某个索引是否存在
    
    Out[39]:
    True
    In [47]:
    a3.isin([1,2])  # 判断Series中某个值是否存在
    
    Out[47]:
    index1     True
    index2     True
    index3    False
    dtype: bool
    In [48]:
    a3.unique()  # 统计Series中去重元素
    
    Out[48]:
    array([ 1.,  2., nan])
    In [49]:
    a3.value_counts()  # 统计Series中去重元素和个数
    
    Out[49]:
    2.0    1
    1.0    1
    dtype: int64
     

    二、Dataframe

      DataFrame是一个【表格型】的数据结构,可以看做是【由Series组成的字典】(共用同一个索引)。DataFrame由按一定顺序排列的多列数据组成。设计初衷是将Series的使用场景从一维拓展到多维。DataFrame既有行索引,也有列索引。

    行索引:index
    列索引:columns
    值:values(numpy的二维数组)

     

    1、创建DataFrame

    1.1通过字典创建

    In [50]:
    data = {"color": ["green", "red", "blue", "black", "yellow"], "price": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}
    dataFrame1 = pd.DataFrame(data=data)  # 通过字典创建
    dataFrame1
    
    Out[50]:
     
     colorprice
    0 green 1
    1 red 2
    2 blue 3
    3 black 4
    4 yellow 5
    In [51]:
    dataFrame2 = pd.DataFrame(data=data, index=["index1", "index2", "index3", "index4", "index5"])
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[51]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    In [52]:
    dataFrame3 = pd.DataFrame(data=data, index=["index1", "index2", "index3", "index4", "index5"],
                              columns=["price"])  # 指定列索引
    dataFrame3
    
    Out[52]:
     
     price
    index1 1
    index2 2
    index3 3
    index4 4
    index5 5
    In [53]:
    dataFrame4 = pd.DataFrame(data=np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4))  # 通过numpy数组创建
    dataFrame4
    
    Out[53]:
     
     0123
    0 0 1 2 3
    1 4 5 6 7
    2 8 9 10 11
    In [54]:
    dic = {
        '张三':[150,150,150,300],
        '李四':[0,0,0,0]
    }
    pd.DataFrame(data=dic,index=['语文','数学','英语','理综'])
    
    Out[54]:
     
     张三李四
    语文 150 0
    数学 150 0
    英语 150 0
    理综 300 0
    In [56]:
    data = [[0,150],[0,150],[0,150],[0,300]]
    index = ['语文','数学','英语','理综']
    columns = ['李四','张三']
    pd.DataFrame(data=data,index=index,columns=columns)
    
    Out[56]:
     
     李四张三
    语文 0 150
    数学 0 150
    英语 0 150
    理综 0 300
     

    1.2通过Series创建

    In [59]:
    cars = pd.Series({"Beijing": 300000, "Shanghai": 350000, "Shenzhen": 300000, "Tianjian": 200000, "Guangzhou": 250000,
                      "Chongqing": 150000})
    cars
    
    Out[59]:
    Beijing      300000
    Shanghai     350000
    Shenzhen     300000
    Tianjian     200000
    Guangzhou    250000
    Chongqing    150000
    dtype: int64
    In [60]:
    cities = {"Shanghai": 90000, "Foshan": 4500, "Dongguan": 5500, "Beijing": 6600, "Nanjing": 8000, "Lanzhou": None}
    apts = pd.Series(cities, name="price")
    apts
    
    Out[60]:
    Shanghai    90000.0
    Foshan       4500.0
    Dongguan     5500.0
    Beijing      6600.0
    Nanjing      8000.0
    Lanzhou         NaN
    Name: price, dtype: float64
    In [61]:
    df = pd.DataFrame({"apts": apts, "cars": cars})
    df
    
    Out[61]:
     
     aptscars
    Beijing 6600.0 300000.0
    Chongqing NaN 150000.0
    Dongguan 5500.0 NaN
    Foshan 4500.0 NaN
    Guangzhou NaN 250000.0
    Lanzhou NaN NaN
    Nanjing 8000.0 NaN
    Shanghai 90000.0 350000.0
    Shenzhen NaN 300000.0
    Tianjian NaN 200000.0
     

    1.3通过dicts的list来构建Dataframe

    In [62]:
    data = [{"Beijing": 1000, "Shanghai": 2500, "Nanjing": 9850}, {"Beijing": 5000, "Shanghai": 4600, "Nanjing": 7000}]
    pd.DataFrame(data)
    
    Out[62]:
     
     BeijingNanjingShanghai
    0 1000 9850 2500
    1 5000 7000 4600
     

    2、查找DataFrame中的元素

    In [65]:
    data = {"color": ["green", "red", "blue", "black", "yellow"], "price": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}
    dataFrame2 = pd.DataFrame(data=data, index=["index1", "index2", "index3", "index4", "index5"])
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[65]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    In [66]:
    dataFrame2.columns  # 查找dataFrame中所有列标签
    
    Out[66]:
    Index(['color', 'price'], dtype='object')
    In [67]:
    dataFrame2.index  # 查找dataFrame中的所有行标签
    
    Out[67]:
    Index(['index1', 'index2', 'index3', 'index4', 'index5'], dtype='object')
    In [68]:
    dataFrame2.values  # 查找dataFrame中的所有值
    
    Out[68]:
    array([['green', 1],
           ['red', 2],
           ['blue', 3],
           ['black', 4],
           ['yellow', 5]], dtype=object)
    In [72]:
    dataFrame2["color"]["index1"]  # 索引查找数值(先列后行,否则报错)
    
    Out[72]:
    'green'
    In [73]:
    dataFrame2.at["index1", "color"]  # 索引查找数值(先行后列,否则报错)
    
    Out[73]:
    'green'
    In [79]:
    dataFrame2.iat[0, 1]  # 绝对位置查找数值
    
    Out[79]:
    1
     

    3、查找DataFrame中某一行/列元素

    In [89]:
    data = {"color": ["green", "red", "blue", "black", "yellow"], "price": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}
    dataFrame2 = pd.DataFrame(data=data, index=["index1", "index2", "index3", "index4", "index5"])
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[89]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    In [91]:
    dataFrame2.loc["index1"]  # 查找一行元素
    
    Out[91]:
    color    green
    price        1
    Name: index1, dtype: object
    In [92]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[0]  # 查找一行元素(绝对位置)
    
    Out[92]:
    color    green
    price        1
    Name: index1, dtype: object
    In [96]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[0:2]  # 通过iloc方法可以拿到行和列,直接按照index的顺序来取。# 可以当做numpy的ndarray的二维数组来操作。
    
    Out[96]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    In [100]:
    dataFrame2.loc[:, "price"]  # 查找一列元素
    
    Out[100]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    index3    3
    index4    4
    index5    5
    Name: price, dtype: int64
    In [101]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[:, 0]  # 查找一列元素(绝对位置)
    
    Out[101]:
    index1     green
    index2       red
    index3      blue
    index4     black
    index5    yellow
    Name: color, dtype: object
    In [102]:
    dataFrame2.values[0]  # 查找一行元素
    
    Out[102]:
    array(['green', 1], dtype=object)
    In [103]:
    dataFrame2["price"]  # 查找一列元素,#通过列名的方式,查找列,不能查找行
    
    Out[103]:
    index1    1
    index2    2
    index3    3
    index4    4
    index5    5
    Name: price, dtype: int64
    In [104]:
    dataFrame2["color"] 
    
    Out[104]:
    index1     green
    index2       red
    index3      blue
    index4     black
    index5    yellow
    Name: color, dtype: object
     

    4、查找DataFrame中的多行/列元素

    In [106]:
    dataFrame2.head(5)  # 查看前5行元素
    
    Out[106]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    In [107]:
    dataFrame2.tail(5)  # 查看后5行元素
    
    Out[107]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    In [108]:
    dataFrame2["index1":"index4"]  # 切片多行
    
    Out[108]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    In [109]:
    dataFrame2[0:4]  # 切片多行
    
    Out[109]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    In [111]:
    dataFrame2.loc[["index1", "index2"]]  # 多行
    
    Out[111]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    In [113]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[[0, 1]]  # 多行
    
    Out[113]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    In [114]:
    dataFrame2.loc[:, ["price"]]  # 多列
    
    Out[114]:
     
     price
    index1 1
    index2 2
    index3 3
    index4 4
    index5 5
    In [115]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[:, [0, 1]]  # 多列
    
    Out[115]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    In [116]:
    dataFrame2.loc[["index1", "index3"], ["price"]]  # 索引查找
    
    Out[116]:
     
     price
    index1 1
    index3 3
    In [117]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[[1, 2], [0]]  # 绝对位置查找
    
    Out[117]:
     
     color
    index2 red
    index3 blue
     

    5、添加一行/列元素

    In [119]:
    dataFrame2.loc["index6"] = ["pink", 3] 
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[119]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    index6 pink 3
    In [120]:
    dataFrame2.loc["index6"]=10
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[120]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    index6 10 10
    In [123]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[5] = 10
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[123]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    index6 10 10
    In [125]:
    dataFrame2.loc["index7"] = 100
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[125]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    index6 10 10
    index7 100 100
    In [129]:
    dataFrame2.loc[:, "size"] = "small"
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[129]:
     
     colorpricesize
    index1 green 1 small
    index2 red 2 small
    index3 blue 3 small
    index4 black 4 small
    index5 yellow 5 small
    index6 10 10 small
    index7 100 100 small
    In [130]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[:, 2] = 10
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[130]:
     
     colorpricesize
    index1 green 1 10
    index2 red 2 10
    index3 blue 3 10
    index4 black 4 10
    index5 yellow 5 10
    index6 10 10 10
    index7 100 100 10
     

    6、修改元素

    In [131]:
    dataFrame2.loc["index1", "price"] = 100
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[131]:
     
     colorpricesize
    index1 green 100 10
    index2 red 2 10
    index3 blue 3 10
    index4 black 4 10
    index5 yellow 5 10
    index6 10 10 10
    index7 100 100 10
    In [132]:
    dataFrame2.iloc[0, 1] = 10
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[132]:
     
     colorpricesize
    index1 green 10 10
    index2 red 2 10
    index3 blue 3 10
    index4 black 4 10
    index5 yellow 5 10
    index6 10 10 10
    index7 100 100 10
    In [133]:
    dataFrame2.at["index1", "price"] = 100
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[133]:
     
     colorpricesize
    index1 green 100 10
    index2 red 2 10
    index3 blue 3 10
    index4 black 4 10
    index5 yellow 5 10
    index6 10 10 10
    index7 100 100 10
    In [135]:
    dataFrame2.iat[0, 1] = 1000
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[135]:
     
     colorpricesize
    index1 green 1000 10
    index2 red 2 10
    index3 blue 3 10
    index4 black 4 10
    index5 yellow 5 10
    index6 10 10 10
    index7 100 100 10
     

    7、删除元素

    In [136]:
    dataFrame2.drop(["index6", "index7"], inplace=True)  # inplace=True表示作用在原数组
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[136]:
     
     colorpricesize
    index1 green 1000 10
    index2 red 2 10
    index3 blue 3 10
    index4 black 4 10
    index5 yellow 5 10
    In [141]:
    a=dataFrame2.drop(["price"], axis=1, inplace=False)
    dataFrame2
    
    Out[141]:
     
     colorprice
    index1 green 1000
    index2 red 2
    index3 blue 3
    index4 black 4
    index5 yellow 5
    In [142]:
    a
    
    Out[142]:
     
     color
    index1 green
    index2 red
    index3 blue
    index4 black
    index5 yellow
     

    8. 处理NaN数据

    In [148]:
    dates = pd.date_range('20180101', periods=3)
    df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(12).reshape((3, 4)),
                      index=dates, columns=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
    df.iloc[1, 1], df.iloc[2, 2] = np.nan, np.nan
    df
    
    Out[148]:
     
     abcd
    2018-01-01 0 1.0 2.0 3
    2018-01-02 4 NaN 6.0 7
    2018-01-03 8 9.0 NaN 11
     

    8.1删除NaN数据

    In [151]:
    re=df.dropna(axis=1, inplace=False)  # inplace默认为false
    df
    
    Out[151]:
     
     abcd
    2018-01-01 0 1.0 2.0 3
    2018-01-02 4 NaN 6.0 7
    2018-01-03 8 9.0 NaN 11
    In [152]:
    re
    
    Out[152]:
     
     ad
    2018-01-01 0 3
    2018-01-02 4 7
    2018-01-03 8 11
     

    8.2填充NaN数据

    In [153]:
    re2 = df.fillna(value='*')
    re2
    
    Out[153]:
     
     abcd
    2018-01-01 0 1 2 3
    2018-01-02 4 * 6 7
    2018-01-03 8 9 * 11
     

    8.3 检查是否存在NaN

    In [155]:
    df.isnull()
    
    Out[155]:
     
     abcd
    2018-01-01 False False False False
    2018-01-02 False True False False
    2018-01-03 False False True False
     

    9.合并DataFrame

     

    9.1 concat函数

    In [156]:
    df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3, 4)) * 0, columns=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
    df1
    
    Out[156]:
     
     abcd
    0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    In [157]:
    df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3, 4)) * 1, columns=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
    df2
    
    Out[157]:
     
     abcd
    0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    In [158]:
    df3 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3, 4)) * 2, columns=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
    df3
    
    Out[158]:
     
     abcd
    0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    2 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    In [159]:
    # ignore_index=True将重新对index排序
    pd.concat([df1, df2, df3], axis=0, ignore_index=True)
    
    Out[159]:
     
     abcd
    0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    7 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    In [160]:
    # ignore_index=True将重新对index排序
    pd.concat([df1, df2, df3], axis=0, ignore_index=False)
    
    Out[160]:
     
     abcd
    0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    2 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
     

    join参数用法

    In [164]:
    df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3, 4)) * 0, columns=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], index=[1, 2, 3])
    df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3, 4)) * 1, columns=['b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], index=[2, 3, 4])
    # join默认为'outer',不共有的列用NaN填充 
    pd.concat([df1, df2], sort=False, join='outer')
    
    Out[164]:
     
     abcde
    1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NaN
    2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NaN
    3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NaN
    2 NaN 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    3 NaN 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    4 NaN 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    In [166]:
    # join='inner'只合并共有的列
    pd.concat([df1, df2], sort=False, join='inner',ignore_index=True)
    
    Out[166]:
     
     bcd
    0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    1 0.0 0.0 0.0
    2 0.0 0.0 0.0
    3 1.0 1.0 1.0
    4 1.0 1.0 1.0
    5 1.0 1.0 1.0
     

    join_axes参数用法

    In [167]:
    # 按照df1的index进行合并
    pd.concat([df1, df2], axis=1, join_axes=[df1.index])
    
    Out[167]:
     
     abcdbcde
    1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NaN NaN NaN NaN
    2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
     

    9.2 append函数

    In [169]:
    df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3, 4)) * 0, columns=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
    df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3, 4)) * 1, columns=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
    
    re = df1.append(df2, ignore_index=True)
    re
    
    Out[169]:
     
     abcd
    0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
    5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
     

    append一组数据

    In [170]:
    df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3, 4)) * 0, columns=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
    s = pd.Series([4, 4, 4, 4], index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
    
    re = df1.append(s, ignore_index=True)
    re
    
    Out[170]:
     
     abcd
    0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    3 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
     

    9.3 merge函数

    基于某一列进行合并

    In [171]:
    df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A': ['A1', 'A2', 'A3'],
                        'B': ['B1', 'B2', 'B3'],
                        'KEY': ['K1', 'K2', 'K3']})
    df2 = pd.DataFrame({'C': ['C1', 'C2', 'C3'],
                        'D': ['D1', 'D2', 'D3'],
                        'KEY': ['K1', 'K2', 'K3']})
    
    df1
    
    Out[171]:
     
     ABKEY
    0 A1 B1 K1
    1 A2 B2 K2
    2 A3 B3 K3
    In [172]:
    df2
    
    Out[172]:
     
     CDKEY
    0 C1 D1 K1
    1 C2 D2 K2
    2 C3 D3 K3
    In [173]:
    re = pd.merge(df1, df2, on='KEY')
    re
    
    Out[173]:
     
     ABKEYCD
    0 A1 B1 K1 C1 D1
    1 A2 B2 K2 C2 D2
    2 A3 B3 K3 C3 D3
     

    基于某两列进行合并

    In [175]:
    df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A': ['A1', 'A2', 'A3'],
                        'B': ['B1', 'B2', 'B3'],
                        'KEY1': ['K1', 'K2', 'K0'],
                        'KEY2': ['K0', 'K1', 'K3']})
    df2 = pd.DataFrame({'C': ['C1', 'C2', 'C3'],
                        'D': ['D1', 'D2', 'D3'],
                        'KEY1': ['K0', 'K2', 'K1'],
                        'KEY2': ['K1', 'K1', 'K0']})
    # how:['left','right','outer','inner']
    re = pd.merge(df1, df2, on=['KEY1', 'KEY2'], how='inner')
    re
    
    Out[175]:
     
     ABKEY1KEY2CD
    0 A1 B1 K1 K0 C3 D3
    1 A2 B2 K2 K1 C2 D2
     

    按index合并

    In [176]:
    df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A': ['A1', 'A2', 'A3'],
                        'B': ['B1', 'B2', 'B3']},
                       index=['K0', 'K1', 'K2'])
    df2 = pd.DataFrame({'C': ['C1', 'C2', 'C3'],
                        'D': ['D1', 'D2', 'D3']},
                       index=['K0', 'K1', 'K3'])
    
    re = pd.merge(df1, df2, left_index=True, right_index=True, how='outer')
    re
    
    Out[176]:
     
     ABCD
    K0 A1 B1 C1 D1
    K1 A2 B2 C2 D2
    K2 A3 B3 NaN NaN
    K3 NaN NaN C3 D3
     

    为列加后缀

    In [177]:
    df_boys = pd.DataFrame({'id': ['1', '2', '3'],
                            'age': ['23', '25', '18']})
    df_girls = pd.DataFrame({'id': ['1', '2', '3'],
                             'age': ['18', '18', '18']})
    re = pd.merge(df_boys, df_girls, on='id', suffixes=['_boys', '_girls'])
    re
    
    Out[177]:
     
     idage_boysage_girls
    0 1 23 18
    1 2 25 18
    2 3 18 18
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xinmomoyan/p/10871780.html
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