Oracle基础知识oracle常用命令

日志管理 

1.forcing log switches 

sql> alter system switch logfile; 

2.forcing checkpoints 

sql> alter system checkpoint; 

3.adding online redo log groups 

sql> alter database add logfile [group 4] 
sql> ('/disk3/log4a.rdo','/disk4/log4b.rdo') size 1m; 

4.adding online redo log members 

sql> alter database add logfile member 
sql> '/disk3/log1b.rdo' to group 1, 
sql> '/disk4/log2b.rdo' to group 2; 

5.changes the name of the online redo logfile 

sql> alter database rename file 'c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo01.log' 
sql> to 'c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log'; 

6.drop online redo log groups 

sql> alter database drop logfile group 3; 

7.drop online redo log members 

sql> alter database drop logfile member 'c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log'; 

8.clearing online redo log files 

sql> alter database clear [unarchived] logfile 'c:/oracle/log2a.rdo'; 

9.using logminer analyzing redo logfiles 

in the init.ora specify utl_file_dir = ' ' 
sql> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build('oradb.ora','c:\oracle\oradb\log'); 
sql> execute dbms_logmnr_add_logfile('c:\oracle\oradata\oradb\redo01.log', dbms_logmnr.new); 
sql> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('c:\oracle\oradata\oradb\redo02.log', dbms_logmnr.addfile); 
sql> execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(dictfilename=>'c:\oracle\oradb\log\oradb.ora'); 
sql> select * from v$logmnr_contents(v$logmnr_dictionary,v$logmnr_parameters v$logmnr_logs); 
sql> execute dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr; 

表空间管理 
1.create tablespaces 

sql> create tablespace tablespace_name datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\file1.dbf' size 100m, 
sql> 'c:\oracle\oradata\file2.dbf' size 100m minimum extent 550k [logging/nologging] 
sql> default storage (initial 500k next 500k maxextents 500 pctinccease 0) 
sql> [online/offline] [permanent/temporary] [extent_management_clause] 

2.locally managed tablespace 

sql> create tablespace user_data datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\user_data01.dbf' 
sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m; 

3.temporary tablespace 

sql> create temporary tablespace temp tempfile 'c:\oracle\oradata\temp01.dbf' 
sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m; 

4.change the storage setting 

sql> alter tablespace app_data minimum extent 2m; 
sql> alter tablespace app_data default storage(initial 2m next 2m maxextents 999); 

5.taking tablespace offline or online 

sql> alter tablespace app_data offline; 
sql> alter tablespace app_data online; 

6.read_only tablespace 

sql> alter tablespace app_data read only|write; 

7.droping tablespace 

sql> drop tablespace app_data including contents; 

8.enableing automatic extension of data files 

sql> alter tablespace app_data add datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\app_data01.dbf' size 200m 
sql> autoextend on next 10m maxsize 500m; 

9.change the size fo data files manually 

sql> alter database datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\app_data.dbf' resize 200m; 

10.Moving data files: alter tablespace 

sql> alter tablespace app_data rename datafile 'c:\oracle\oradata\app_data.dbf' 
sql> to 'c:\oracle\app_data.dbf'; 

11.moving data files:alter database 

sql> alter database rename file 'c:\oracle\oradata\app_data.dbf' 
sql> to 'c:\oracle\app_data.dbf';